We used the surface-pretreated graphite paper(Gp)as a carrier and loaded BiOCl with high selectivity to Cl^(-)on its surface by solvothermal method to form BiOCl@Gp electrode.The morphology,structure,and composition o...We used the surface-pretreated graphite paper(Gp)as a carrier and loaded BiOCl with high selectivity to Cl^(-)on its surface by solvothermal method to form BiOCl@Gp electrode.The morphology,structure,and composition of the materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption,and the results showed that the spherical BiOCl particles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the Gp,forming a mesoporous BiOCl@Gp composite with a specific surface area of 22.82 m^(2)/g and a pore volume of 0.043 cm3/g.Furthermore,cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to test the electrochemical properties of the composites,and the stability of BiOCl and the high conductivity of Gp were synergistic,the BiOCl@Gp exhibited a specific capacitance of 30.2 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A·g^(-1),and the selectivity of the BiOCl@Gp materials for Cl^(-)was significantly higher than that of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(2)^(-),and HCO_(3)^(-).Therefore,BiOCl@Gp composite electrode materials can be used for the selective adsorption of Cl^(-)in wastewater,in order to achieve efficient wastewater recycling.展开更多
目的探讨影响男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者确诊后快速启动抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)的相关因素,为临床制定针对性干预策略提供依据。方法选取2...目的探讨影响男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者确诊后快速启动抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)的相关因素,为临床制定针对性干预策略提供依据。方法选取2021年3月至2022年9月在北京佑安医院性病艾滋病门诊所有新诊断的成人MSM HIV感染者作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集社会学及人口学信息,并从医院电子病历系统提取临床资料。根据确诊后14 d内是否启动ART,将研究对象分为快速治疗组(Rapid组)和非快速治疗组(非Rapid组)。采用t检验或χ^(2)检验进行单因素分析,并使用二元Logistic回归模型分析快速启动ART的独立影响因素。结果共纳入研究对象353例,其中Rapid组256例(72.5%),非Rapid组97例(27.5%)。单因素分析显示,独居状态、主动寻求HIV检测、认为快速启动ART有必要及身边有HIV感染的朋友/同伴,在两组间差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为5.902、4.573、4.709、7.037,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,主动寻求HIV检测、和家人朋友或者同伴居住及身边有HIV感染者是愿意快速启动ART的独立促进因素(OR值分别为2.062、1.970、2.128,均P<0.05)。结论主动寻求HIV检测、身边有感染者同伴以及和家人朋友或者同伴居住的MSM HIV感染者,在确诊后更易快速启动ART,临床应重点关注和引导不具备相关条件的感染者,加强关爱和支持,以提升其快速启动治疗率。展开更多
AIM:This study was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer actions of tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA,and six derivatives of tanshinone IIA on normal and cancerous colon cells.Structure activity relationship(SAR) analysi...AIM:This study was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer actions of tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA,and six derivatives of tanshinone IIA on normal and cancerous colon cells.Structure activity relationship(SAR) analysis was conducted to delineate the significance of the structural modifications of tanshinones for improved anti-cancer action.METHOD:Tanshinone derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the literature.The cytotoxicity of different compounds on colon cancer cells was determined by the MTT assay.Apoptotic activity of the tanshinones was measured by flow cytometry(FCM).RESULTS:Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA both exhibited significant cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells.They are more effective in p53+/+ colon cancer cell line.It was also noted that the anti-cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and selective.Two of the derivatives of tanshinone IIA(N1 and N2) also exhibited cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells.CONCLUSIONS:The anti-colon cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and selective than tanshinone IIA,and is p53 dependent.The derivatives obtained by structural modifications of tanshinone IIA exhibited lower cytotoxicity on both normal and colon cancer cells.From steric and electronic characteristics point of view,it was concluded that structural modifications of ring A and furan or dihydrofuran ring D on the basic structure of tanshinones influences the activity.An increase of the delocalization of the A and B rings could enhance the cytotoxicity of such compounds,while a non-planar and small sized D ring region would provide improved anti-cancer activity.展开更多
Massive MIMO systems offer a high spatial resolution that can drastically increase the spectral and/or energy efficiency by employing a large number of antennas at the base station(BS).In a distributed massive MIMO sy...Massive MIMO systems offer a high spatial resolution that can drastically increase the spectral and/or energy efficiency by employing a large number of antennas at the base station(BS).In a distributed massive MIMO system,the capacity of fiber backhaul that links base station and remote radio heads is usually limited,which becomes a bottleneck for realizing the potential performance gain of both downlink and uplink.To solve this problem,we propose a joint antenna selection and user scheduling which is able to achieve a large portion of the potential gain provided by the massive MIMO array with only limited backhaul capacity.Three sub-optimal iterative algorithms with the objective of sumrate maximization are proposed for the joint optimization of antenna selection and user scheduling,either based on greedy fashion or Frobenius-norm criteria.Convergence and complexity analysis are presented for the algorithms.The provided Monte Carlo simulations show that,one of our algorithms achieves a good tradeoff between complexity and performance and thus is especially fit for massive MIMO systems.展开更多
The studies on the paleo-fluid in the OrdovicianeSilurian detachment zone in the MiddleeUpper Yangtze area focus on the origin of highdensity methane inclusions and the evolution process of formation pressure,but rare...The studies on the paleo-fluid in the OrdovicianeSilurian detachment zone in the MiddleeUpper Yangtze area focus on the origin of highdensity methane inclusions and the evolution process of formation pressure,but rarely deal with the significance of paleo-fluid to shale gas preservation.In this paper,the relationship between fracture formation and detachment zone was analyzed by observing the OrdovicianeSilurian outcrops in western HunaneHubei area and by investigating the geological characteristics of fracture veins in the drilling cores.Then,the significance of paleo-fluid forming environment and detachment zone to shale gas preservation was studied by using inclusion compositions of fracture veins and homogenization temperature test data.Finally,accumulationedispersion modes of shale gas in the detachment zone were established.The following results were obtained.First,the detachment zone is lithologically composed of silicite with intercalated shale at the OrdovicianeSilurian interface.In the detachment zone,rocks are broken and small crumples are developed.The conjugate-vertical joints are relatively developed in the silicite above and below the detachment zone.Second,multi-stage and multi-type inclusions,especially the aqueous inclusions,are developed in the veins of the detachment zone.Third,the infiltration depth of ancient meteoric water along the detachment zone in the study area is over 4000 m.High-density overpressure methane inclusions were captured in the detachment zone during early stage,while normal-pressure methane and nitrogen inclusions were captured during late stage.Fourth,the ionic constituents of inclusions recording the fluid activity during the late stage was characterized by high sodium-chloride coefficient,high desulfurization coefficient and low metamorphic coefficient,and it is indicated that the sealing capacity of the shale in the detachment zone gets worse.Fifth,the accumulation and dispersion of shale gas in the detachment zone within the study area is divided into three modes,i.e.,syncline,broad anticline and closed anticline.In conclusion,the detachment zone in the study area is permeable.Synclines and closed anticlines developed in detachment structures are unfavorable for the accumulation of shale gas,while broad anticlines are favorable.展开更多
Prostomates and haptorians are two basal groups of ciliates with limited morphological characteristics available for tax- onomy. Morphologically, the structures used to identify prostomates and haptorians are similar ...Prostomates and haptorians are two basal groups of ciliates with limited morphological characteristics available for tax- onomy. Morphologically, the structures used to identify prostomates and haptorians are similar or even identical, which generate heavy taxonomic and phylogenetic confusion. In present work, phylogenetic positions lineage of two rare genera, Plagiopogon and Askenasia, were investigated. Three genes including small subunit ribosomal RNA gene （hereafter SSU rDNA）, internal transcribed spacer region （ITS region）, and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene （LSU rDNA） were analyzed, 10 new sequences five species each. Our findings included 1） class Prostomatea and order Haptorida are multiphyletic; 2） it may not be appropriate to place order Cyclotriehiida in subclass Haptoria, and the systematic lineage of order Cyclotrichiida needs to be verified further; 3） genus Plagio- pogon branches consistently within a clade covering most prostomes and is basal of clade Colepidae, implying its close lineage to Prostomatea; and 4） Askenasia is phylogenetically distant from the subclass Haptoria but close to classes Prostomatea, Plagiopylea and Oligohymenophorea. We supposed that the toxicyst of Askenasia may be close to taxa of prostomes instead of haptorians, and the dorsal brush is a more typical morphological characteristics of haptorians than toxicysts.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072180)the Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX21_3461)。
文摘We used the surface-pretreated graphite paper(Gp)as a carrier and loaded BiOCl with high selectivity to Cl^(-)on its surface by solvothermal method to form BiOCl@Gp electrode.The morphology,structure,and composition of the materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption,and the results showed that the spherical BiOCl particles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the Gp,forming a mesoporous BiOCl@Gp composite with a specific surface area of 22.82 m^(2)/g and a pore volume of 0.043 cm3/g.Furthermore,cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to test the electrochemical properties of the composites,and the stability of BiOCl and the high conductivity of Gp were synergistic,the BiOCl@Gp exhibited a specific capacitance of 30.2 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A·g^(-1),and the selectivity of the BiOCl@Gp materials for Cl^(-)was significantly higher than that of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(2)^(-),and HCO_(3)^(-).Therefore,BiOCl@Gp composite electrode materials can be used for the selective adsorption of Cl^(-)in wastewater,in order to achieve efficient wastewater recycling.
文摘目的探讨影响男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者确诊后快速启动抗病毒治疗(antiretroviral therapy,ART)的相关因素,为临床制定针对性干预策略提供依据。方法选取2021年3月至2022年9月在北京佑安医院性病艾滋病门诊所有新诊断的成人MSM HIV感染者作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集社会学及人口学信息,并从医院电子病历系统提取临床资料。根据确诊后14 d内是否启动ART,将研究对象分为快速治疗组(Rapid组)和非快速治疗组(非Rapid组)。采用t检验或χ^(2)检验进行单因素分析,并使用二元Logistic回归模型分析快速启动ART的独立影响因素。结果共纳入研究对象353例,其中Rapid组256例(72.5%),非Rapid组97例(27.5%)。单因素分析显示,独居状态、主动寻求HIV检测、认为快速启动ART有必要及身边有HIV感染的朋友/同伴,在两组间差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为5.902、4.573、4.709、7.037,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,主动寻求HIV检测、和家人朋友或者同伴居住及身边有HIV感染者是愿意快速启动ART的独立促进因素(OR值分别为2.062、1.970、2.128,均P<0.05)。结论主动寻求HIV检测、身边有感染者同伴以及和家人朋友或者同伴居住的MSM HIV感染者,在确诊后更易快速启动ART,临床应重点关注和引导不具备相关条件的感染者,加强关爱和支持,以提升其快速启动治疗率。
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for"Significant New Drugs Development"(No.2011ZX09401-028)
文摘AIM:This study was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer actions of tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA,and six derivatives of tanshinone IIA on normal and cancerous colon cells.Structure activity relationship(SAR) analysis was conducted to delineate the significance of the structural modifications of tanshinones for improved anti-cancer action.METHOD:Tanshinone derivatives were designed and synthesized according to the literature.The cytotoxicity of different compounds on colon cancer cells was determined by the MTT assay.Apoptotic activity of the tanshinones was measured by flow cytometry(FCM).RESULTS:Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA both exhibited significant cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells.They are more effective in p53+/+ colon cancer cell line.It was also noted that the anti-cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and selective.Two of the derivatives of tanshinone IIA(N1 and N2) also exhibited cytotoxicity on colon cancer cells.CONCLUSIONS:The anti-colon cancer activity of tanshinone I was more potent and selective than tanshinone IIA,and is p53 dependent.The derivatives obtained by structural modifications of tanshinone IIA exhibited lower cytotoxicity on both normal and colon cancer cells.From steric and electronic characteristics point of view,it was concluded that structural modifications of ring A and furan or dihydrofuran ring D on the basic structure of tanshinones influences the activity.An increase of the delocalization of the A and B rings could enhance the cytotoxicity of such compounds,while a non-planar and small sized D ring region would provide improved anti-cancer activity.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.61171080
文摘Massive MIMO systems offer a high spatial resolution that can drastically increase the spectral and/or energy efficiency by employing a large number of antennas at the base station(BS).In a distributed massive MIMO system,the capacity of fiber backhaul that links base station and remote radio heads is usually limited,which becomes a bottleneck for realizing the potential performance gain of both downlink and uplink.To solve this problem,we propose a joint antenna selection and user scheduling which is able to achieve a large portion of the potential gain provided by the massive MIMO array with only limited backhaul capacity.Three sub-optimal iterative algorithms with the objective of sumrate maximization are proposed for the joint optimization of antenna selection and user scheduling,either based on greedy fashion or Frobenius-norm criteria.Convergence and complexity analysis are presented for the algorithms.The provided Monte Carlo simulations show that,one of our algorithms achieves a good tradeoff between complexity and performance and thus is especially fit for massive MIMO systems.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Study on high-mature shale gas occurrence mechanism and enriching law in Middle Yangtze region”(No.:2016ZX05034-001-002)the Foundation Project of China Geological Survey“Investigation and evaluation of shale gas resources in Wuling and Western Hunan-Hubei area”(No.:12120114049801).
文摘The studies on the paleo-fluid in the OrdovicianeSilurian detachment zone in the MiddleeUpper Yangtze area focus on the origin of highdensity methane inclusions and the evolution process of formation pressure,but rarely deal with the significance of paleo-fluid to shale gas preservation.In this paper,the relationship between fracture formation and detachment zone was analyzed by observing the OrdovicianeSilurian outcrops in western HunaneHubei area and by investigating the geological characteristics of fracture veins in the drilling cores.Then,the significance of paleo-fluid forming environment and detachment zone to shale gas preservation was studied by using inclusion compositions of fracture veins and homogenization temperature test data.Finally,accumulationedispersion modes of shale gas in the detachment zone were established.The following results were obtained.First,the detachment zone is lithologically composed of silicite with intercalated shale at the OrdovicianeSilurian interface.In the detachment zone,rocks are broken and small crumples are developed.The conjugate-vertical joints are relatively developed in the silicite above and below the detachment zone.Second,multi-stage and multi-type inclusions,especially the aqueous inclusions,are developed in the veins of the detachment zone.Third,the infiltration depth of ancient meteoric water along the detachment zone in the study area is over 4000 m.High-density overpressure methane inclusions were captured in the detachment zone during early stage,while normal-pressure methane and nitrogen inclusions were captured during late stage.Fourth,the ionic constituents of inclusions recording the fluid activity during the late stage was characterized by high sodium-chloride coefficient,high desulfurization coefficient and low metamorphic coefficient,and it is indicated that the sealing capacity of the shale in the detachment zone gets worse.Fifth,the accumulation and dispersion of shale gas in the detachment zone within the study area is divided into three modes,i.e.,syncline,broad anticline and closed anticline.In conclusion,the detachment zone in the study area is permeable.Synclines and closed anticlines developed in detachment structures are unfavorable for the accumulation of shale gas,while broad anticlines are favorable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31222050,41376141,3112041,and 31471973)the international research projects from King Saud University(Nos.RGP-VPP-083,IRG14-22)
文摘Prostomates and haptorians are two basal groups of ciliates with limited morphological characteristics available for tax- onomy. Morphologically, the structures used to identify prostomates and haptorians are similar or even identical, which generate heavy taxonomic and phylogenetic confusion. In present work, phylogenetic positions lineage of two rare genera, Plagiopogon and Askenasia, were investigated. Three genes including small subunit ribosomal RNA gene （hereafter SSU rDNA）, internal transcribed spacer region （ITS region）, and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene （LSU rDNA） were analyzed, 10 new sequences five species each. Our findings included 1） class Prostomatea and order Haptorida are multiphyletic; 2） it may not be appropriate to place order Cyclotriehiida in subclass Haptoria, and the systematic lineage of order Cyclotrichiida needs to be verified further; 3） genus Plagio- pogon branches consistently within a clade covering most prostomes and is basal of clade Colepidae, implying its close lineage to Prostomatea; and 4） Askenasia is phylogenetically distant from the subclass Haptoria but close to classes Prostomatea, Plagiopylea and Oligohymenophorea. We supposed that the toxicyst of Askenasia may be close to taxa of prostomes instead of haptorians, and the dorsal brush is a more typical morphological characteristics of haptorians than toxicysts.
