To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become a global pandemic and public health disaster. In addition to acute respiratory manifestations, patients with COVID-19 exhibit other non-respiratory ...To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become a global pandemic and public health disaster. In addition to acute respiratory manifestations, patients with COVID-19 exhibit other non-respiratory manifestations, particularly in those with severe underlying disease. Few specific therapeutics are effective for COVID-19, and supportive care is the primary remedy. Here, we comprehensively surveyed the most recent reports on extrapulmonary complications of COVID-19 and their corresponding treatments, as well as the comparison of different clinical symptoms and complications of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) patients. We wish to provide a molecular and cellular understanding of the complications of COVID-19 and provide guidance for future diagnostics, therapeutics, and prognostics of COVID-19.展开更多
Dear Editor,People are often optimistic when forecasting the future,such that they believe they are less likely to encounter adverse life events.This phenomenon,known as optimism bias,emerges due to preferential encod...Dear Editor,People are often optimistic when forecasting the future,such that they believe they are less likely to encounter adverse life events.This phenomenon,known as optimism bias,emerges due to preferential encoding and consolidation of desirable over undesirable information[1,2],engaging frontal brain regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex and inferior frontal gyrus[1].An optimism bias is instrumental in supporting mental health:reduction or absence of optimism biases is associated with mood disorders such as depression,characterized by pessimistic thinking about the future[3].This relationship highlights the potential value of interventions that could enhance optimism bias[4].展开更多
Fractional pyrolysis and one-step pyrolysis of natural algae Cyanobacteria from Taihu Lake were comparatively studied from 200 to 500 ℃. One-step pyrolysis produced bio-oil with complex composition and low high heati...Fractional pyrolysis and one-step pyrolysis of natural algae Cyanobacteria from Taihu Lake were comparatively studied from 200 to 500 ℃. One-step pyrolysis produced bio-oil with complex composition and low high heating value （HHV〈30.9 MJ/kg）. Fractional pyrolysis separated the degradation of different components in Cyanobacteria and improved the selectivity to products in bio-oil. That is, acids at 200 ℃, amides and acids at 300 ℃, phenols and nitriles at 400 ℃, and phenols at 500 ℃, were got as main products, respectively. HZSM-5 could promote the dehydration, cracking and aromatization of pyrolytic intermediates in fractional pyrolysis. At optimal HZSM-5 catalyst dosage of 1.0 g, the selectivity to products and the quality of bio-oil were improved obviously. The main products in bio-oil changed to nitriles （47.2%） at 300 ℃, indoles （51.3%） and phenols （36.3%） at 400 ℃. The oxygen content was reduced to 7.2 wt% and 9.4 wt%, and the HHV was raised to 38.1 and 37.3 MJ/kg at 300 and 400 ℃, respectively. Fractional catalytic pyrolysis was proposed to be an efficient method not only to provide a potential solution for alleviating environmental pressure from water blooms, but also to improve the selectivity to products and obtain high quality bio-oil.展开更多
In order to find suspension culture conditions suitable for Premna microphylla Turea, with the leaves of experimented P. microphylla as a material, em- bryogenic callus induction, subculture, dispersion of embryogenic...In order to find suspension culture conditions suitable for Premna microphylla Turea, with the leaves of experimented P. microphylla as a material, em- bryogenic callus induction, subculture, dispersion of embryogenic callus and suspension culture were performed. The results showed that the calli induced from leaves were different. The medium most suitable for induction of loose embryogenic callus for suspension culture was MS ＋ 0.4 mg/L 2,4-D ＋ 0.4 mg/L NAA ＋ 3% sucrose ＋0.8% agar. A better cell line could be obtained with cellulase and pectinase for dispersion of P. microphyUa callus. The medium most suitable for sus- pension culture was MS ＋0.4 mg/L 2,4-D ＋0.8 mg/L KT ＋3% sucrose. In this medium, the fresh weight of the suspensian-cultured cells increased by 6.46 times per 7 d. Dark culture was more suitable for cell proliferation. The average contents of pectin and protein were, respectively, 6.57% and 0.12% in the sus- pended ceils of P. microphylla, which had been cultured for 3 weeks under the optimum culture conditions.展开更多
Using ＇Luotian chestnut＇ as the raw material, the content changes of resistant starch and main nutrients in the processed fruit were studied after taken common processing of high-temperature steaming of canned food,...Using ＇Luotian chestnut＇ as the raw material, the content changes of resistant starch and main nutrients in the processed fruit were studied after taken common processing of high-temperature steaming of canned food, sand-mixed frying and cooking without shells, with the aim to find out the effects of different processing methods on the content changes of nutrients in chestnuts. The result showed that there were significant differences in the resistant starch contents by different processing methods. After processing, the retention degree of resistant starch was the lowest using the methods of sand-mixed frying, of 42.42%, while the highest was found in canned chestnut products, of 93.16%. Among the main nutrients, adding water and sugar would reduce content of resistant starch, while increasing the protein content would promote the retention of resistant starch retention. The changes in lipid content had no effect or not a single promoting or weakening effects on the content of resistant starch.展开更多
Emotions,formed in the process of perceiving external environment,directly affect human daily life,such as social interaction,work efficiency,physical wellness,and mental health.In recent decades,emotion recognition h...Emotions,formed in the process of perceiving external environment,directly affect human daily life,such as social interaction,work efficiency,physical wellness,and mental health.In recent decades,emotion recognition has become a promising research direction with significant application values.Taking the advantages of electroencephalogram(EEG)signals(i.e.,high time resolution)and video-based external emotion evoking(i.e.,rich media information),video-triggered emotion recognition with EEG signals has been proven as a useful tool to conduct emotion-related studies in a laboratory environment,which provides constructive technical supports for establishing real-time emotion interaction systems.In this paper,we will focus on video-triggered EEG-based emotion recognition and present a systematical introduction of the current available video-triggered EEG-based emotion databases with the corresponding analysis methods.First,current video-triggered EEG databases for emotion recognition(e.g.,DEAP,MAHNOB-HCI,SEED series databases)will be presented with full details.Then,the commonly used EEG feature extraction,feature selection,and modeling methods in video-triggered EEG-based emotion recognition will be systematically summarized and a brief review of current situation about video-triggered EEG-based emotion studies will be provided.Finally,the limitations and possible prospects of the existing video-triggered EEG-emotion databases will be fully discussed.展开更多
Addiction is a chronic and often relapsing brain disorder characterized by drug abuse and withdrawal symptoms and compulsive drug seeking(Koob and Volkow,2010)when access to the drug is restricted.Addiction leads to s...Addiction is a chronic and often relapsing brain disorder characterized by drug abuse and withdrawal symptoms and compulsive drug seeking(Koob and Volkow,2010)when access to the drug is restricted.Addiction leads to structural and functional brain changes implicated in reward,memory,motivation,and control(Volkow et al.,2019;Lüscher et al.,2020).展开更多
文摘To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has become a global pandemic and public health disaster. In addition to acute respiratory manifestations, patients with COVID-19 exhibit other non-respiratory manifestations, particularly in those with severe underlying disease. Few specific therapeutics are effective for COVID-19, and supportive care is the primary remedy. Here, we comprehensively surveyed the most recent reports on extrapulmonary complications of COVID-19 and their corresponding treatments, as well as the comparison of different clinical symptoms and complications of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) patients. We wish to provide a molecular and cellular understanding of the complications of COVID-19 and provide guidance for future diagnostics, therapeutics, and prognostics of COVID-19.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China STI2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0214100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171056 and 82272114)+2 种基金the General Research Fund of Hong Kong Research Grants Council(17614922)the Shenzhen Soft Science Research Program Project(RKX20220705152815035)the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions(2023SHIBS0003).
文摘Dear Editor,People are often optimistic when forecasting the future,such that they believe they are less likely to encounter adverse life events.This phenomenon,known as optimism bias,emerges due to preferential encoding and consolidation of desirable over undesirable information[1,2],engaging frontal brain regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex and inferior frontal gyrus[1].An optimism bias is instrumental in supporting mental health:reduction or absence of optimism biases is associated with mood disorders such as depression,characterized by pessimistic thinking about the future[3].This relationship highlights the potential value of interventions that could enhance optimism bias[4].
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2013CB228103)
文摘Fractional pyrolysis and one-step pyrolysis of natural algae Cyanobacteria from Taihu Lake were comparatively studied from 200 to 500 ℃. One-step pyrolysis produced bio-oil with complex composition and low high heating value （HHV〈30.9 MJ/kg）. Fractional pyrolysis separated the degradation of different components in Cyanobacteria and improved the selectivity to products in bio-oil. That is, acids at 200 ℃, amides and acids at 300 ℃, phenols and nitriles at 400 ℃, and phenols at 500 ℃, were got as main products, respectively. HZSM-5 could promote the dehydration, cracking and aromatization of pyrolytic intermediates in fractional pyrolysis. At optimal HZSM-5 catalyst dosage of 1.0 g, the selectivity to products and the quality of bio-oil were improved obviously. The main products in bio-oil changed to nitriles （47.2%） at 300 ℃, indoles （51.3%） and phenols （36.3%） at 400 ℃. The oxygen content was reduced to 7.2 wt% and 9.4 wt%, and the HHV was raised to 38.1 and 37.3 MJ/kg at 300 and 400 ℃, respectively. Fractional catalytic pyrolysis was proposed to be an efficient method not only to provide a potential solution for alleviating environmental pressure from water blooms, but also to improve the selectivity to products and obtain high quality bio-oil.
基金Supported by Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2008CDZ085)
文摘In order to find suspension culture conditions suitable for Premna microphylla Turea, with the leaves of experimented P. microphylla as a material, em- bryogenic callus induction, subculture, dispersion of embryogenic callus and suspension culture were performed. The results showed that the calli induced from leaves were different. The medium most suitable for induction of loose embryogenic callus for suspension culture was MS ＋ 0.4 mg/L 2,4-D ＋ 0.4 mg/L NAA ＋ 3% sucrose ＋0.8% agar. A better cell line could be obtained with cellulase and pectinase for dispersion of P. microphyUa callus. The medium most suitable for sus- pension culture was MS ＋0.4 mg/L 2,4-D ＋0.8 mg/L KT ＋3% sucrose. In this medium, the fresh weight of the suspensian-cultured cells increased by 6.46 times per 7 d. Dark culture was more suitable for cell proliferation. The average contents of pectin and protein were, respectively, 6.57% and 0.12% in the sus- pended ceils of P. microphylla, which had been cultured for 3 weeks under the optimum culture conditions.
基金Supported by the Project for the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of the Outstanding Middle-aged and Young of Hubei Provincial Institution of Higher Learning(T201619)the Project for the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Huanggang Normal University(201613303)
文摘Using ＇Luotian chestnut＇ as the raw material, the content changes of resistant starch and main nutrients in the processed fruit were studied after taken common processing of high-temperature steaming of canned food, sand-mixed frying and cooking without shells, with the aim to find out the effects of different processing methods on the content changes of nutrients in chestnuts. The result showed that there were significant differences in the resistant starch contents by different processing methods. After processing, the retention degree of resistant starch was the lowest using the methods of sand-mixed frying, of 42.42%, while the highest was found in canned chestnut products, of 93.16%. Among the main nutrients, adding water and sugar would reduce content of resistant starch, while increasing the protein content would promote the retention of resistant starch retention. The changes in lipid content had no effect or not a single promoting or weakening effects on the content of resistant starch.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61906122)
文摘Emotions,formed in the process of perceiving external environment,directly affect human daily life,such as social interaction,work efficiency,physical wellness,and mental health.In recent decades,emotion recognition has become a promising research direction with significant application values.Taking the advantages of electroencephalogram(EEG)signals(i.e.,high time resolution)and video-based external emotion evoking(i.e.,rich media information),video-triggered emotion recognition with EEG signals has been proven as a useful tool to conduct emotion-related studies in a laboratory environment,which provides constructive technical supports for establishing real-time emotion interaction systems.In this paper,we will focus on video-triggered EEG-based emotion recognition and present a systematical introduction of the current available video-triggered EEG-based emotion databases with the corresponding analysis methods.First,current video-triggered EEG databases for emotion recognition(e.g.,DEAP,MAHNOB-HCI,SEED series databases)will be presented with full details.Then,the commonly used EEG feature extraction,feature selection,and modeling methods in video-triggered EEG-based emotion recognition will be systematically summarized and a brief review of current situation about video-triggered EEG-based emotion studies will be provided.Finally,the limitations and possible prospects of the existing video-triggered EEG-emotion databases will be fully discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (Grant Nos.82260359,U22A20303)STI2030:2022ZD0214500.
文摘Addiction is a chronic and often relapsing brain disorder characterized by drug abuse and withdrawal symptoms and compulsive drug seeking(Koob and Volkow,2010)when access to the drug is restricted.Addiction leads to structural and functional brain changes implicated in reward,memory,motivation,and control(Volkow et al.,2019;Lüscher et al.,2020).
