This study has revealed spatial-temporal changes in Recreational Business Dis- tricts （RBDs） in Beijing and examined the relationship between the location of urban RBDs and traffic conditions, resident and tourist d...This study has revealed spatial-temporal changes in Recreational Business Dis- tricts （RBDs） in Beijing and examined the relationship between the location of urban RBDs and traffic conditions, resident and tourist density, scenic spots, and land prices. A more reasonable classification of urban RBDs （LSC, CPS, and ULA） is also proposed. Quantitative methods such as Gini Coefficient, Spatial Interpolation, Kernel Density Estimation, and Geographical Detector were employed to collect and analyze the data from three types of urban RBDs in Beijing in 1990, 2000, and 2014, respectively, and the spatial-temporal pat- terns as well as the distribution characteristics of urban RBDs were analyzed using ArcGIS software. It was concluded that （1） both the number and scale of urban RBDs in Beijing have been expanding and the trend for all types of urban RBDs in Beijing to be spatially agglom- erated is continuing; （2） the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of urban RBDs in Beijing is ＂single-core agglomeration-dual-core agglomeration-multi-core diffusion＂; and （3） urban RBDs were always located in areas with low traffic density, tourist attractions, high resident and tourist population density, and relatively high land valuations; these factors also affect the scale size of RBDs.展开更多
A three-dimensional （3-D） wheel-rail rolling contact model with a wheel fiat was built using commercial software Hypermesh, and the dynamic finite element simulation was conducted using LS-DYNA 3D/explicit code. Inf...A three-dimensional （3-D） wheel-rail rolling contact model with a wheel fiat was built using commercial software Hypermesh, and the dynamic finite element simulation was conducted using LS-DYNA 3D/explicit code. Influences of the train speed, flat length and axle load on the vertical wheel-rail impact response were discussed, respectively. The results show that the maximum vertical wheel-rail impact force induced by the wheel flat is higher than that generated by the perfect wheel, and these two dynamic impact forces are much greater than the static axle load. Besides, the maximum von Mises equivalent stress and maximum equivalent plastic strain are observed on the wheel-rail contact surface, and both of them as well as the maximum wheel-rail impact force are sensitive to train speed, fiat length and axle load.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the clinical significance of checking episcleral venous fluid wave(EVFW)during gonioscopyassisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)in patients with open angle glaucoma(OAG).METHODS:This retrospective ca...AIM:To evaluate the clinical significance of checking episcleral venous fluid wave(EVFW)during gonioscopyassisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)in patients with open angle glaucoma(OAG).METHODS:This retrospective case series study comprised 30 patients(45 eyes)with OAG underwent GATT.The location and extent of EVFW were examined and graded after intraoperative compression flushing of the anterior chamber angle during the operation.Patients were followed up for 1y.A complete success for surgery is defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP)<18 mm Hg without any anti-glaucoma medication.IOP<18 mm Hg with less than two anti-glaucoma medications is defined as qualified success,while the control of IOP requiring three anti-glaucoma medications is considered as unsuccess.RESULTS:The mean IOP was 35.38±7.16 mm Hg before surgery and 15.52±4.22 mm Hg 1y after surgery(P<0.01).The average number of anti-glaucoma medication was 2.8±1.2(2-4)preoperation and 0.6±1.3(0-3)1y postoperation(P<0.01).The success rate of the operation was 93.33%.Complete success rate was 66.67%,qualified success rate was 26.67%,and 6.66%of unsuccessful cases required reoperation.EVFW of all cases was grade 2-4,and the percentages of grade 2,3 and 4 were 33.33%,40.0%and 26.67%,respectively.The distribution and percentage of EVFW were inferior(36%),nasal(28%),superior(20%),and temporal(16%).The EVFW grade of complete success patients was 3.4±0.6(3-4),and that of qualified success patients was 2.6±1.0(2-4).The larger the range of EVFW,the lower the IOP,and the better the IOP reduction effect.CONCLUSION:During GATT surgery,pressurized irrigation of anterior chamber to check EVFW can reduce the outflow resistance of aqueous humor and increase the effect of postoperative IOP.The range of EVFW is negatively correlated with postoperative IOP.Therefore,EVFW may be a valuable prognostic indicator for the success of GATT surgery.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical effect of knee-bitong prescription combined with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in the middle stage.Methods:From May 2018 to January 2019,90 patients wit...Objective:To observe the clinical effect of knee-bitong prescription combined with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in the middle stage.Methods:From May 2018 to January 2019,90 patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis(K-L classificationⅡandⅢ)with liver and kidney deficiency were admitted,and 45 patients were divided into experimental group and control group.The test group included 15 males and 30 females;aged 46 to 70(58.93±10.671)years;course of disease was 1 to 8 years(27.06±4.216)months;K-L classification:33 cases in gradeⅡand 12 cases in gradeⅢ.Jibitongfang Jianjian Granules is taken orally once a day,once in the morning and evening,14 days a course of treatment,and combined with platelet-rich plasma(2ml)articular cavity injection,once every 14 days,a total of two,14 days apart;control group male 12 There were 33 females aged 43-68(57.00±8.832)years old;the course of disease was 1-8 years(25.40±3.718)months;KL classification:36 cases of gradeⅡ,9 cases of gradeⅢ,and the control group were given platelet-rich plasma(2ml)Injection into the joint cavity,the treatment course and frequency are the same as the experimental group.Record and compare the VAS score,WOMAC score,matrix metalloproteinase-1 and interleukin-1βlevels of joint fluid before and after treatment for one month to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results:All 90 cases were followed up without serious adverse reactions or other complications.The WOMAC scores of the experimental group and the control group before and after treatment were:106.40±47.962,116.13±41.151,55.13±22.022,62.67±26.232.The VAS scores of the two groups before and after treatment were:5.87±2.446,5.80±2.145,2.67±1.345,4.00±1.964.The levels of interleukin 1βin the test group and the control group before and after treatment were:78.33±7.227,76.60±7.069,25.73±3.239,31.13±5.743.The levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 before and after treatment in the two groups were:2299.66±179.343,2206.66±194.235,1741.86±183.077,1762.46±192.097.Conclusion:The combination of platelet-rich plasma and knee-bitong decoction in the treatment of moderate knee osteoarthritis is better than platelet-rich plasma group in relieving knee pain,improving knee function and reducing the levels of interleukin-1βand matrix metalloproteinase-1 in joint fluid.And the side effects are small,it is worth clinical application.展开更多
基金Foundation： National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41071110
文摘This study has revealed spatial-temporal changes in Recreational Business Dis- tricts （RBDs） in Beijing and examined the relationship between the location of urban RBDs and traffic conditions, resident and tourist density, scenic spots, and land prices. A more reasonable classification of urban RBDs （LSC, CPS, and ULA） is also proposed. Quantitative methods such as Gini Coefficient, Spatial Interpolation, Kernel Density Estimation, and Geographical Detector were employed to collect and analyze the data from three types of urban RBDs in Beijing in 1990, 2000, and 2014, respectively, and the spatial-temporal pat- terns as well as the distribution characteristics of urban RBDs were analyzed using ArcGIS software. It was concluded that （1） both the number and scale of urban RBDs in Beijing have been expanding and the trend for all types of urban RBDs in Beijing to be spatially agglom- erated is continuing; （2） the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of urban RBDs in Beijing is ＂single-core agglomeration-dual-core agglomeration-multi-core diffusion＂; and （3） urban RBDs were always located in areas with low traffic density, tourist attractions, high resident and tourist population density, and relatively high land valuations; these factors also affect the scale size of RBDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51475392)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2682015RC09)the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Traction Power (Grant No. 2015TPL_T02)
文摘A three-dimensional （3-D） wheel-rail rolling contact model with a wheel fiat was built using commercial software Hypermesh, and the dynamic finite element simulation was conducted using LS-DYNA 3D/explicit code. Influences of the train speed, flat length and axle load on the vertical wheel-rail impact response were discussed, respectively. The results show that the maximum vertical wheel-rail impact force induced by the wheel flat is higher than that generated by the perfect wheel, and these two dynamic impact forces are much greater than the static axle load. Besides, the maximum von Mises equivalent stress and maximum equivalent plastic strain are observed on the wheel-rail contact surface, and both of them as well as the maximum wheel-rail impact force are sensitive to train speed, fiat length and axle load.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021YFS0214).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the clinical significance of checking episcleral venous fluid wave(EVFW)during gonioscopyassisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)in patients with open angle glaucoma(OAG).METHODS:This retrospective case series study comprised 30 patients(45 eyes)with OAG underwent GATT.The location and extent of EVFW were examined and graded after intraoperative compression flushing of the anterior chamber angle during the operation.Patients were followed up for 1y.A complete success for surgery is defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP)<18 mm Hg without any anti-glaucoma medication.IOP<18 mm Hg with less than two anti-glaucoma medications is defined as qualified success,while the control of IOP requiring three anti-glaucoma medications is considered as unsuccess.RESULTS:The mean IOP was 35.38±7.16 mm Hg before surgery and 15.52±4.22 mm Hg 1y after surgery(P<0.01).The average number of anti-glaucoma medication was 2.8±1.2(2-4)preoperation and 0.6±1.3(0-3)1y postoperation(P<0.01).The success rate of the operation was 93.33%.Complete success rate was 66.67%,qualified success rate was 26.67%,and 6.66%of unsuccessful cases required reoperation.EVFW of all cases was grade 2-4,and the percentages of grade 2,3 and 4 were 33.33%,40.0%and 26.67%,respectively.The distribution and percentage of EVFW were inferior(36%),nasal(28%),superior(20%),and temporal(16%).The EVFW grade of complete success patients was 3.4±0.6(3-4),and that of qualified success patients was 2.6±1.0(2-4).The larger the range of EVFW,the lower the IOP,and the better the IOP reduction effect.CONCLUSION:During GATT surgery,pressurized irrigation of anterior chamber to check EVFW can reduce the outflow resistance of aqueous humor and increase the effect of postoperative IOP.The range of EVFW is negatively correlated with postoperative IOP.Therefore,EVFW may be a valuable prognostic indicator for the success of GATT surgery.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical effect of knee-bitong prescription combined with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in the middle stage.Methods:From May 2018 to January 2019,90 patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis(K-L classificationⅡandⅢ)with liver and kidney deficiency were admitted,and 45 patients were divided into experimental group and control group.The test group included 15 males and 30 females;aged 46 to 70(58.93±10.671)years;course of disease was 1 to 8 years(27.06±4.216)months;K-L classification:33 cases in gradeⅡand 12 cases in gradeⅢ.Jibitongfang Jianjian Granules is taken orally once a day,once in the morning and evening,14 days a course of treatment,and combined with platelet-rich plasma(2ml)articular cavity injection,once every 14 days,a total of two,14 days apart;control group male 12 There were 33 females aged 43-68(57.00±8.832)years old;the course of disease was 1-8 years(25.40±3.718)months;KL classification:36 cases of gradeⅡ,9 cases of gradeⅢ,and the control group were given platelet-rich plasma(2ml)Injection into the joint cavity,the treatment course and frequency are the same as the experimental group.Record and compare the VAS score,WOMAC score,matrix metalloproteinase-1 and interleukin-1βlevels of joint fluid before and after treatment for one month to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results:All 90 cases were followed up without serious adverse reactions or other complications.The WOMAC scores of the experimental group and the control group before and after treatment were:106.40±47.962,116.13±41.151,55.13±22.022,62.67±26.232.The VAS scores of the two groups before and after treatment were:5.87±2.446,5.80±2.145,2.67±1.345,4.00±1.964.The levels of interleukin 1βin the test group and the control group before and after treatment were:78.33±7.227,76.60±7.069,25.73±3.239,31.13±5.743.The levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 before and after treatment in the two groups were:2299.66±179.343,2206.66±194.235,1741.86±183.077,1762.46±192.097.Conclusion:The combination of platelet-rich plasma and knee-bitong decoction in the treatment of moderate knee osteoarthritis is better than platelet-rich plasma group in relieving knee pain,improving knee function and reducing the levels of interleukin-1βand matrix metalloproteinase-1 in joint fluid.And the side effects are small,it is worth clinical application.
