AIM: To investigate the survivin gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and the effects of survivin gene RNA interference (RNAi) on cell apoptosis and biological behaviors of SMMC-7721 c...AIM: To investigate the survivin gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and the effects of survivin gene RNA interference (RNAi) on cell apoptosis and biological behaviors of SMMC-7721 cells. METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and recombinant plasmid pSuppressorNeo-survivin (pSuNeo-SW), were constructed by ligating into the vector, pSupperssorNeo (pSuNeo) digested with restriction enzymes Xba I and Sail and the designed double-chain RNAi primers. A cell model of SMMC-7721 after treatment with RNAi was prepared by transfecting SMMC-7721 cells with the lipofectin transfection method. Strept-avidin-biotin-complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to detect survivin gene expressions in SMMC-7721 cells. Flow cytometry was used for the cell cycle analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to determine whether RNAi induced cell apoptosis, and the method of measuring the cell growth curve was utilized to study the growth of SMMC-7721 cells before and after treatment with RNAi. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and pSuNeo-SW, were constructed successfully. The expression level of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was observed. After the treatment of RNAi, the expression of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was almost absent, apoptosis index was increased by 15.6%, and the number of cells was decreased in G2/M phase and the cell growth was inhibited. CONCLUSION: RNAi can exert a knockdown of survivin gene expression in SMMC-7721 cells, and induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of carcinoma cells.展开更多
AIM: To describe the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer and its distribution in China during the period of 1991-2000.METHODS: Based on the data of demography and death collected through China′s Disease Surveillance ...AIM: To describe the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer and its distribution in China during the period of 1991-2000.METHODS: Based on the data of demography and death collected through China′s Disease Surveillance Point System (DSPS) over the period of 1991-2000, the distribution of death rate of pancreatic cancer was described in terms of age group, gender, calendar year, rural/urban residence and administrative district.RESULTS: A total of 1 619 death cases attributed to pancreatic cancer (975 men and 644 women) were reported by DSPS during 1991-2000. The reported, adjusted and agestandardized mortality rates increased from 1.46, 1.75, and 2.18 per 100 000 populations in 1991 to 2.38, 3.06, and 3.26per 100 000 populations in 2000. The majority (69.62 %) of the deaths of pancreatic cancer were seen in the age group of 60 years and older. The mortality rate was higher in men than in women, but the male to female death rate ratios decreased during the 10 years. Our data also showed that the death rate of pancreatic cancer in urban areas was about 2-4 fold higher than that in rural areas, and in Northeast and East China, the death rates were higher than those in the other 5 administrative districts.CONCLUSION: The death rate due to pancreatic cancer was rising during the period of 1991-2000 and the peak mortality of pancreatic cancer might arrive in China.展开更多
By taking advantage of silylanization, Al2O3 support was modified by organosilane and supported Pd-Cu-Clx/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared. The effects of hydrophobicity on catalyst stability during CO oxidation were inv...By taking advantage of silylanization, Al2O3 support was modified by organosilane and supported Pd-Cu-Clx/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared. The effects of hydrophobicity on catalyst stability during CO oxidation were investigated. The physicochemical properties and redox potential of the catalyst were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, H2-TPR, and XPS. In order to understand the relationship between the oxidation stability of CO and the presence of water, the CO oxidation mechanism was studied by in situ DRIFT. Support pretreatment markedly promoted catalyst stability during CO oxidation; CO conversion was 78% after 150 h at saturated humidity and freezing point. Modification led to an obvious decrease in chloride ion concentration and enhancement in hydrophobicity. The role of water in CO oxidation was complicated. The presence of water favored CO oxidation over active Pd~＋ species and Pd0 reoxidation by Cu^（2＋） species. Meanwhile, water also inhibited the formation of the active Pd~＋ species and helped to produce carbonate species. Compared with the form of the carbonate species, the inhibition of water to produce active Pd~＋ species played the main detrimental role in catalyst stability.展开更多
D2EHPA(P204),tri-butyl-phosphate(TBP)and sodium chloride(NaCl)were attractive for selective extraction of scandium from acid leaching solution of red mud.The extraction parameters of P204 concentration(X_(P204)),NaCl ...D2EHPA(P204),tri-butyl-phosphate(TBP)and sodium chloride(NaCl)were attractive for selective extraction of scandium from acid leaching solution of red mud.The extraction parameters of P204 concentration(X_(P204)),NaCl concentration(C_(NaCl)),pH value,reaction time,stirring speed and O/A were investigated to extract scandium and separate iron from the acid leaching solution.The extraction mechanism was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermodynamic theory.The single-stage extraction efficiency of scandium,iron andβ(Sc/Fe)were 99.1%,9.4%and 1061.2,respectively,with C_(NaCl) of 75 g/L and XP204 of 0.75 at solution pH value of 1.2 and stirring speed of 200 r/min for 6 min,in which a good separation effect of scandium and iron was obtained.The vibration absorption peak Sc─O was contributed to the extraction of scandium with P204.The complex[FeCln]^(3−n) existed in the solution with adding NaCl into the acid leaching solution.The value of n was higher and the valence state of the complex[FeCln]^(3−n) was lower with an increase of chloride concentration,which restricts the extraction efficiency of iron with P204.The extraction of three stages in the counter-current simulation experiments was carried out according to the McCabe-Thiele diagram.Gibbs free energy change(ΔG)of−5.93 kJ/mol,enthalpy change(ΔH)of 23.45 kJ/mol and entropy change(ΔH)of 98.54 J/(mol·K)were obtained in the solvent extraction proces,which indicate that the extraction reaction is easily spontaneous and endothermic and a proper increase of temperature is conducive to the extraction of scandium.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the role of soluble Fas ligand in autoimmune diseases.METHODS: RT-PCR was performed to amplify sFasL cDNA from the total RNA extracted from activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. DNA fragmen...AIM: To investigate the role of soluble Fas ligand in autoimmune diseases.METHODS: RT-PCR was performed to amplify sFasL cDNA from the total RNA extracted from activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. DNA fragments were cloned into PCR vector. After sequenced, sFasL gene fragments were inserted into pQE-31 vector and expressed in E. Coli M15 respectively. Proteins were purified through affinity chromatography column with ligand of 6xHis tag and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Mice were immunized with sFasL protein and specific anti-serum was harvested 6 wk after immunization. Monoclonal anti-human FasL antibody was made from the immunized mice. Serum level of sFasL in different patients was detected using antiFasL antibodies from the immunized mice.RESULTS: The protein expressed was 24 ku by SDS-PAGE electrophrosis. The protein was specially bound to antihuman FasL antibody by Western blot analysis. The sFasL protein could induce Jurket cell apoptosis in vitro. The concentration of serum sFasL in patients with autoimmune diseases was higher than that in normal individuals, sFasL could reduce arthritis in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mice model by subcutaneous injection.CONCLUSION: sFasL may be involved in either induction of apoptosis or autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, sFasL may have potential application in treatment of autoimmune diseases.展开更多
Temperature distribution and control have been investigated in a liquefiedpetroleum gas (LPG) fluidized bed with hollow corundum spheres (A1_2O_3) of 0.867-1.212 mm indiameter at moderately high temperatures (800-1100...Temperature distribution and control have been investigated in a liquefiedpetroleum gas (LPG) fluidized bed with hollow corundum spheres (A1_2O_3) of 0.867-1.212 mm indiameter at moderately high temperatures (800-1100℃). Experiments were carried out for the airconsumption coefficient α in the range of 0.3 to 1.0 and the fluidization number N in the range of1.3 to 3.0. Particle properties, initial bed height, α and N all affect temperature distribution inthe bed. Bed temperature can be adjusted about 200℃ by combined the adjusting of α and N.展开更多
Single-phase ordered body-centered cubic or B2 multi-principal element intermetallics(MPEIs)have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties.However,their discovery in ...Single-phase ordered body-centered cubic or B2 multi-principal element intermetallics(MPEIs)have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties.However,their discovery in complex compositional spaces is challenging due to the lack of high-dimensional phase diagrams and the inefficiency of traditional trial-and-error methods.In this study,we developed a physics-informed machine learning(ML)framework that integrates a conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE)with an artificial neural network(ANN).This approach effectively addresses the challenges of data limitation and imbalance,enabling the high-throughput generation of B2 MPEIs.Using this framework,we successfully identified a wide range of B2 complex alloys,spanning quaternary to senary systems,with superior mechanical performance.This work not only demonstrates a significant advancement in the discovery of B2 MPEIs but also provides an accelerated pathway for their design and development.展开更多
Cervical cancer(CC)is one of the most common gynecological cancers,ranking fourth in incidence and mortality rates among women worldwide and second in China[1].Approximately 15%-61%of patients with CC develop recurren...Cervical cancer(CC)is one of the most common gynecological cancers,ranking fourth in incidence and mortality rates among women worldwide and second in China[1].Approximately 15%-61%of patients with CC develop recurrent or metastatic(r/m)disease in the first two years after initial therapy completion,with a 5-year survival rate of 17%[2].Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for r/mCC.展开更多
CFD has penetrated into the field of electronic cooling for some time. Both parallel and staggered plate fin heatsinks are widely used in modern computers. This paper presents the ways to make most use of CFD in optim...CFD has penetrated into the field of electronic cooling for some time. Both parallel and staggered plate fin heatsinks are widely used in modern computers. This paper presents the ways to make most use of CFD in optimization design of those heatsinks: the flow and heat transfer of staggered and parallel plate fm heatsinks of various geometry were simulated by using Fluent 5.0 commercial CFD code. Based on 60 different simulation solutions, two correlations, concerning Nusselt number and friction factor as the functions of geometrical and operational parameters of the heatsinks were developed. The presentation parameter examination was also performed by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical solutions of parallel plate arrays, showing that the correct parameters are used in the correlations.展开更多
Implantable neural probes,essential for brain electrophysiological research,have advanced with ultraflexible designs to mitigate immune responses and postoperativecomplications.Strategies of shuttleassisted implantati...Implantable neural probes,essential for brain electrophysiological research,have advanced with ultraflexible designs to mitigate immune responses and postoperativecomplications.Strategies of shuttleassisted implantation and temporary stiffening address issues in penetrating these probes into the target region,avoiding undesired bending.However,the risk of intraoperative bleeding remains due to these implants’necessary rigidity during insertion.Here,we describe a neural probe with mechanical compliance accompanying self-implantation along the principal axis in the absence of bleeding.Crucial to the behavior is its anisotropic relaxation,which is dominated by the cross-sectional in-plane deformation inhibition due to interchain interactions between the parallel backbones in the globally aligned polymer system.We observed the ensured upright insertion of the probe into the brain while avoiding angiorrhexis with a two-photon microscope and a high-speed camera.The probes permit electrophysiological studies with minimal foreign body responses and imageological compatibility,underscoring their clinical potential.展开更多
We discuss AOR type iterative methods for solving non-Hermitian linear systems based on Hermitian splitting and skew-Hermitian splitting. Convergence domains of iterative matrices are given and optimal parameters are ...We discuss AOR type iterative methods for solving non-Hermitian linear systems based on Hermitian splitting and skew-Hermitian splitting. Convergence domains of iterative matrices are given and optimal parameters are investigated for skew-Hermitian splitting. Numerical examples are presented to compare the effectiveness of the iterative methods in different points in the domain. In addition, a model problem of three-dimensional convection-diffusion equation is used to illustrated the application of our results.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the survivin gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and the effects of survivin gene RNA interference (RNAi) on cell apoptosis and biological behaviors of SMMC-7721 cells. METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and recombinant plasmid pSuppressorNeo-survivin (pSuNeo-SW), were constructed by ligating into the vector, pSupperssorNeo (pSuNeo) digested with restriction enzymes Xba I and Sail and the designed double-chain RNAi primers. A cell model of SMMC-7721 after treatment with RNAi was prepared by transfecting SMMC-7721 cells with the lipofectin transfection method. Strept-avidin-biotin-complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to detect survivin gene expressions in SMMC-7721 cells. Flow cytometry was used for the cell cycle analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to determine whether RNAi induced cell apoptosis, and the method of measuring the cell growth curve was utilized to study the growth of SMMC-7721 cells before and after treatment with RNAi. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and pSuNeo-SW, were constructed successfully. The expression level of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was observed. After the treatment of RNAi, the expression of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was almost absent, apoptosis index was increased by 15.6%, and the number of cells was decreased in G2/M phase and the cell growth was inhibited. CONCLUSION: RNAi can exert a knockdown of survivin gene expression in SMMC-7721 cells, and induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of carcinoma cells.
文摘AIM: To describe the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer and its distribution in China during the period of 1991-2000.METHODS: Based on the data of demography and death collected through China′s Disease Surveillance Point System (DSPS) over the period of 1991-2000, the distribution of death rate of pancreatic cancer was described in terms of age group, gender, calendar year, rural/urban residence and administrative district.RESULTS: A total of 1 619 death cases attributed to pancreatic cancer (975 men and 644 women) were reported by DSPS during 1991-2000. The reported, adjusted and agestandardized mortality rates increased from 1.46, 1.75, and 2.18 per 100 000 populations in 1991 to 2.38, 3.06, and 3.26per 100 000 populations in 2000. The majority (69.62 %) of the deaths of pancreatic cancer were seen in the age group of 60 years and older. The mortality rate was higher in men than in women, but the male to female death rate ratios decreased during the 10 years. Our data also showed that the death rate of pancreatic cancer in urban areas was about 2-4 fold higher than that in rural areas, and in Northeast and East China, the death rates were higher than those in the other 5 administrative districts.CONCLUSION: The death rate due to pancreatic cancer was rising during the period of 1991-2000 and the peak mortality of pancreatic cancer might arrive in China.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0204300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21207037,21333003,21571061)+1 种基金the "Shu Guang" Project of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(12SG29)the Commission of Science and Technology of Shanghai Municipality(15DZ1205305)~~
文摘By taking advantage of silylanization, Al2O3 support was modified by organosilane and supported Pd-Cu-Clx/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared. The effects of hydrophobicity on catalyst stability during CO oxidation were investigated. The physicochemical properties and redox potential of the catalyst were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, H2-TPR, and XPS. In order to understand the relationship between the oxidation stability of CO and the presence of water, the CO oxidation mechanism was studied by in situ DRIFT. Support pretreatment markedly promoted catalyst stability during CO oxidation; CO conversion was 78% after 150 h at saturated humidity and freezing point. Modification led to an obvious decrease in chloride ion concentration and enhancement in hydrophobicity. The role of water in CO oxidation was complicated. The presence of water favored CO oxidation over active Pd~＋ species and Pd0 reoxidation by Cu^（2＋） species. Meanwhile, water also inhibited the formation of the active Pd~＋ species and helped to produce carbonate species. Compared with the form of the carbonate species, the inhibition of water to produce active Pd~＋ species played the main detrimental role in catalyst stability.
基金Projects(51904097,51804103)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2019GGJS056)supported by the Training Program for Young Backbone Teachers in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province,China+2 种基金Project(HB201905)supported by Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control,ChinaProject(202102310548)supported by Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,ChinaProject(21IRTSTHN006)supported by Program for Innovative Research Team in the University of Henan Province,China。
文摘D2EHPA(P204),tri-butyl-phosphate(TBP)and sodium chloride(NaCl)were attractive for selective extraction of scandium from acid leaching solution of red mud.The extraction parameters of P204 concentration(X_(P204)),NaCl concentration(C_(NaCl)),pH value,reaction time,stirring speed and O/A were investigated to extract scandium and separate iron from the acid leaching solution.The extraction mechanism was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermodynamic theory.The single-stage extraction efficiency of scandium,iron andβ(Sc/Fe)were 99.1%,9.4%and 1061.2,respectively,with C_(NaCl) of 75 g/L and XP204 of 0.75 at solution pH value of 1.2 and stirring speed of 200 r/min for 6 min,in which a good separation effect of scandium and iron was obtained.The vibration absorption peak Sc─O was contributed to the extraction of scandium with P204.The complex[FeCln]^(3−n) existed in the solution with adding NaCl into the acid leaching solution.The value of n was higher and the valence state of the complex[FeCln]^(3−n) was lower with an increase of chloride concentration,which restricts the extraction efficiency of iron with P204.The extraction of three stages in the counter-current simulation experiments was carried out according to the McCabe-Thiele diagram.Gibbs free energy change(ΔG)of−5.93 kJ/mol,enthalpy change(ΔH)of 23.45 kJ/mol and entropy change(ΔH)of 98.54 J/(mol·K)were obtained in the solvent extraction proces,which indicate that the extraction reaction is easily spontaneous and endothermic and a proper increase of temperature is conducive to the extraction of scandium.
基金Supported by Grant From Science and Technology Development Foundation of Shanghai High Education Committee,No.98ZD35 (to Ning-Li Li),and No.$990202 (to Dong-Qing Zhang)
文摘AIM: To investigate the role of soluble Fas ligand in autoimmune diseases.METHODS: RT-PCR was performed to amplify sFasL cDNA from the total RNA extracted from activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. DNA fragments were cloned into PCR vector. After sequenced, sFasL gene fragments were inserted into pQE-31 vector and expressed in E. Coli M15 respectively. Proteins were purified through affinity chromatography column with ligand of 6xHis tag and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Mice were immunized with sFasL protein and specific anti-serum was harvested 6 wk after immunization. Monoclonal anti-human FasL antibody was made from the immunized mice. Serum level of sFasL in different patients was detected using antiFasL antibodies from the immunized mice.RESULTS: The protein expressed was 24 ku by SDS-PAGE electrophrosis. The protein was specially bound to antihuman FasL antibody by Western blot analysis. The sFasL protein could induce Jurket cell apoptosis in vitro. The concentration of serum sFasL in patients with autoimmune diseases was higher than that in normal individuals, sFasL could reduce arthritis in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mice model by subcutaneous injection.CONCLUSION: sFasL may be involved in either induction of apoptosis or autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, sFasL may have potential application in treatment of autoimmune diseases.
基金This work was financially suppoded by the Key Project Foundation for Science and Technology Research by the Education Ministry of China (No.00020).
文摘Temperature distribution and control have been investigated in a liquefiedpetroleum gas (LPG) fluidized bed with hollow corundum spheres (A1_2O_3) of 0.867-1.212 mm indiameter at moderately high temperatures (800-1100℃). Experiments were carried out for the airconsumption coefficient α in the range of 0.3 to 1.0 and the fluidization number N in the range of1.3 to 3.0. Particle properties, initial bed height, α and N all affect temperature distribution inthe bed. Bed temperature can be adjusted about 200℃ by combined the adjusting of α and N.
基金supported by university grants council(RGC),the Hong Kong government,through the general research fund(GRF)with the grant numbers of CityU 11201721 and CityU 11202924supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20236).
文摘Single-phase ordered body-centered cubic or B2 multi-principal element intermetallics(MPEIs)have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties.However,their discovery in complex compositional spaces is challenging due to the lack of high-dimensional phase diagrams and the inefficiency of traditional trial-and-error methods.In this study,we developed a physics-informed machine learning(ML)framework that integrates a conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE)with an artificial neural network(ANN).This approach effectively addresses the challenges of data limitation and imbalance,enabling the high-throughput generation of B2 MPEIs.Using this framework,we successfully identified a wide range of B2 complex alloys,spanning quaternary to senary systems,with superior mechanical performance.This work not only demonstrates a significant advancement in the discovery of B2 MPEIs but also provides an accelerated pathway for their design and development.
基金supported by the CSPC Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology(Shijiazhuang)Co.,Ltd.
文摘Cervical cancer(CC)is one of the most common gynecological cancers,ranking fourth in incidence and mortality rates among women worldwide and second in China[1].Approximately 15%-61%of patients with CC develop recurrent or metastatic(r/m)disease in the first two years after initial therapy completion,with a 5-year survival rate of 17%[2].Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for r/mCC.
文摘CFD has penetrated into the field of electronic cooling for some time. Both parallel and staggered plate fin heatsinks are widely used in modern computers. This paper presents the ways to make most use of CFD in optimization design of those heatsinks: the flow and heat transfer of staggered and parallel plate fm heatsinks of various geometry were simulated by using Fluent 5.0 commercial CFD code. Based on 60 different simulation solutions, two correlations, concerning Nusselt number and friction factor as the functions of geometrical and operational parameters of the heatsinks were developed. The presentation parameter examination was also performed by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical solutions of parallel plate arrays, showing that the correct parameters are used in the correlations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81971701)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20201352)+1 种基金the NanjingMedical University Introduced Talents Scientific Research Start-up Fund(NMUR20190003)the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0202205).
文摘Implantable neural probes,essential for brain electrophysiological research,have advanced with ultraflexible designs to mitigate immune responses and postoperativecomplications.Strategies of shuttleassisted implantation and temporary stiffening address issues in penetrating these probes into the target region,avoiding undesired bending.However,the risk of intraoperative bleeding remains due to these implants’necessary rigidity during insertion.Here,we describe a neural probe with mechanical compliance accompanying self-implantation along the principal axis in the absence of bleeding.Crucial to the behavior is its anisotropic relaxation,which is dominated by the cross-sectional in-plane deformation inhibition due to interchain interactions between the parallel backbones in the globally aligned polymer system.We observed the ensured upright insertion of the probe into the brain while avoiding angiorrhexis with a two-photon microscope and a high-speed camera.The probes permit electrophysiological studies with minimal foreign body responses and imageological compatibility,underscoring their clinical potential.
文摘We discuss AOR type iterative methods for solving non-Hermitian linear systems based on Hermitian splitting and skew-Hermitian splitting. Convergence domains of iterative matrices are given and optimal parameters are investigated for skew-Hermitian splitting. Numerical examples are presented to compare the effectiveness of the iterative methods in different points in the domain. In addition, a model problem of three-dimensional convection-diffusion equation is used to illustrated the application of our results.
