Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an ef...Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an effective technique for identifying and evaluating dissolution vugs in carbonate reservoirs.However,due to limitations in the wellbore structure and the design of instruments,the images of electrical image logs often contain numerous blank strips,which affects the accuracy of subsequent vug processing and interpretation.To finely evaluate the pore structu re of karst reservoirs and quantitatively characterize reservoir parameters,this study proposes an automatic identification method for dissolution vugs in electrical image logs,integrating image inpainting and regional segme ntation based on an improved deep image prior(I DIP)framework.Firstly,the I DIP neural network model,leveraging its structural characteristics,uses a random mask and image data as input to iteratively learn low-level features at known pixel points and extend these features to blank areas of the image.This approach allows clear capture of the structure and texture information of vugs in blank strips,even in the absence of sufficient training samples.Subsequently,based on the inpainted images,the Otsu algorithm is used to determine the optimal global threshold,and then the watershed algorithm is applied to segment and label the vug targets,which addresses the problem of over-segmentation when separating the vug information from the stratigraphic background.Finally,the Freeman chain code is used to store and calculate vug parameters,converting the picked vug area into areal porosity to quantitatively assess the develo p ment degree of fractures and vugs in the reservoir.The results show a good correlation with core porosity and are superior to calculations without image inpainting.This study presents a method based on image processing for vug identification and evaluation of karst re servoirs,demonstrating high consistency with actual field data and providing theoretical support and methodological refe rence for the classification and evaluation of similar reservoirs.展开更多
Pseudo-allergic reactions(PARs)widely occur upon application of drugs or functional foods.Anti-pseudo-allergic ingredients from natural products have attracted much attention.This study aimed to investigate anti-pseud...Pseudo-allergic reactions(PARs)widely occur upon application of drugs or functional foods.Anti-pseudo-allergic ingredients from natural products have attracted much attention.This study aimed to investigate anti-pseudo-allergic compounds in licorice.The anti-pseudo-allergic effect of licorice extract was evaluated in rat basophilic leukemia 2H3(RBL-2H3)cells.Anti-pseudo-allergic compounds were screened by using RBL-2H3 cell extraction and the effects of target components were verified further in RBL-2H3 cells,mouse peritoneal mast cells(MPMCs)and mice.Molecular docking and human MRGPRX2-expressing HEK293T cells(MRGPRX2-HEK293T cells)extraction were performed to determine the potential ligands of MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2(MRGPRX2),a pivotal target for PARs.Glycyrrhizic acid(GA)and licorice chalcone A(LA)were screened and shown to inhibit Compound48/80-induced degranulation and calcium influx in RBL-2H3 cells.GA and LA also inhibited degranulation in MPMCs and increase of histamine and TNF-a in mice.LA could bind to MRGPRX2,as determined by molecular docking and MRGPRX2-HEK293T cell extraction.Our study provides a strong rationale for using GA and LA as novel treatment options for PARs.LA is a potential ligand of MRGPRX2.展开更多
Enhancing damping characteristic is one of the effective methods to solve the instability problem of the rotor system.The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of scallop damper seal was established,and the effec...Enhancing damping characteristic is one of the effective methods to solve the instability problem of the rotor system.The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of scallop damper seal was established,and the effects of inlet pressures,preswirl ratios,rotational speeds,interlaced angles and seal cavity depths on the rotordynamic characteristics of scallop damper seal were studied based on dynamic mesh method and multi-frequencies elliptic whirling model.Results show that the direct stiffness of the scallop damper seal increases with decreasing inlet pressure and increasing rotational speed and cavity depth.When the seal cavity is interlaced by a certain angle,which shows positive direct stiffness.The effective damping of the scallop damper seal increases with the increasing inlet pressure,the decreasing preswirl ratio and the rotational speed and cavity depth.There exists an optimal interlaced angle to maximize the effective damping and the system stability.The leakage of the scallop damper seal is significantly reduced with decreasing inlet pressure.The preswirl will reduce the leakage flowrate,and the rotational speed has a slight effect on the leakage performance.The leakage of the scallop damper seal decreases with increasing seal cavity depth.展开更多
In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cere...In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and observed microvascular changes in the brain using photoacoustic imaging with ultrasonography.At each measured time point,the total photoacoustic signal was significantly higher on the affected side than on the healthy side.Twelve hours after reperfusion,cerebral perfusion on the affected side increased,cerebrovascular injury worsened,and anti-tropomyosin 4 expression increased.Twenty-four hours after reperfusion and later,perfusion on the affected side declined slowly and stabilized after 1 week;brain injury was also alleviated.Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the brain injury tissue changes.The nanoshell molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 has potential for use in early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and evaluating its progression.展开更多
Optical microscopy is an essential tool for exploring the structures and activities of cells and tissues.To break the limit of resolution caused by diffraction,researchers have made continuous advances and innovations...Optical microscopy is an essential tool for exploring the structures and activities of cells and tissues.To break the limit of resolution caused by diffraction,researchers have made continuous advances and innovations to improve the resolution of optical microscopy since the 1990s.These contributions,however,still make sub-10nm imaging an obstacle.Here,we name a series of technologies as modulated illumination localization microscopy(MILM),which makes ultra-high-resolution imaging practical.Besides,we review the recent progress since 2017 when MINFLUX was proposed and became the inspiration and foundation for the follow-up devel-opment of MILM.This review divides MILM into two types:point-scanning and wide-field.The schematics,principles and future research directions of MILM are discussed elaborately.展开更多
Vanadium-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution（OKR） of methyl o-chloromandelate 2a,key intermediate of the well-known oral antiplatelet agent（S）-clopidogrel,was achieved by ambient air for the first time.The air ...Vanadium-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution（OKR） of methyl o-chloromandelate 2a,key intermediate of the well-known oral antiplatelet agent（S）-clopidogrel,was achieved by ambient air for the first time.The air oxidation system,which was composed of vanadium and tridentate Schiff base ligands derived from amino alcohols and salicylaldehyde derivatives,afforded an efficient and economic approach to the target intermediate with high enantioselectivities（99%ee）.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianol...OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianolic acid B,exerted striking effects on modulating angiogenesis and vascular permeability,which suggests that they may be effective in treating vascular leak-driven diseases(e.g.tumor,cerebral cavernous malformation and diabetic retinopathy).However,the lack of reliable and advanced technologies and models sets up difficult hurdles for better understanding the role of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.To this end,this study is to outline numerous cutting-edge platforms that can be utilized for exploring the function of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in vascular leak-driven diseases.METHODS Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the interactions between neutrophils and blood vessels in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was employed to mimic the in vivo behaviors of neutrophils.RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model was used to study the function of tumor blood vessels.CCM2ECKO(deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells)mice were employed to establish the cerebral cavernous malformation(CCM)animal model.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)was utilized to assess the CCM lesion.Müller cell-knockout mouse model was used to study the progression of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular permeability in this model was assessed by fluorescein angiography.RESULTS The interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells involve a series of complicated processes,including rolling,adhesion,intraluminal crawling and transmigration,which were all monitored in vivo by two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was capable of recapitulating the biological behaviors of neutrophils in vitro.Tumor vascular function in particular vascular perfusion could be assessed in the RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model.In terms of CCM studies,specific deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells resulted in the initiation of CCM lesion.The size and number of CCM lesions could be visualized and quantified by micro-CT.Furthermore,the Müller cell-knockout mouse model was able to precisely reflect the clinical symptoms of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular leak could be monitored at different time points using fluorescein angiography.CONCLUSION An array of high technologies and animal models can be used in investigating the occurrence and progression of multiple vascular leak-driven diseases.The pre-clinical and clinical studies of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis provide fundamental support for the application of the above-mentioned platforms,with the purpose of uncovering the scientific basis of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42272180)。
文摘Accurately characterizing the storage space of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is a major technical challenge in the efficient exploration and development of the petroleum industry.Electrical image logs are an effective technique for identifying and evaluating dissolution vugs in carbonate reservoirs.However,due to limitations in the wellbore structure and the design of instruments,the images of electrical image logs often contain numerous blank strips,which affects the accuracy of subsequent vug processing and interpretation.To finely evaluate the pore structu re of karst reservoirs and quantitatively characterize reservoir parameters,this study proposes an automatic identification method for dissolution vugs in electrical image logs,integrating image inpainting and regional segme ntation based on an improved deep image prior(I DIP)framework.Firstly,the I DIP neural network model,leveraging its structural characteristics,uses a random mask and image data as input to iteratively learn low-level features at known pixel points and extend these features to blank areas of the image.This approach allows clear capture of the structure and texture information of vugs in blank strips,even in the absence of sufficient training samples.Subsequently,based on the inpainted images,the Otsu algorithm is used to determine the optimal global threshold,and then the watershed algorithm is applied to segment and label the vug targets,which addresses the problem of over-segmentation when separating the vug information from the stratigraphic background.Finally,the Freeman chain code is used to store and calculate vug parameters,converting the picked vug area into areal porosity to quantitatively assess the develo p ment degree of fractures and vugs in the reservoir.The results show a good correlation with core porosity and are superior to calculations without image inpainting.This study presents a method based on image processing for vug identification and evaluation of karst re servoirs,demonstrating high consistency with actual field data and providing theoretical support and methodological refe rence for the classification and evaluation of similar reservoirs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China(No.81903788 and 81900780).
文摘Pseudo-allergic reactions(PARs)widely occur upon application of drugs or functional foods.Anti-pseudo-allergic ingredients from natural products have attracted much attention.This study aimed to investigate anti-pseudo-allergic compounds in licorice.The anti-pseudo-allergic effect of licorice extract was evaluated in rat basophilic leukemia 2H3(RBL-2H3)cells.Anti-pseudo-allergic compounds were screened by using RBL-2H3 cell extraction and the effects of target components were verified further in RBL-2H3 cells,mouse peritoneal mast cells(MPMCs)and mice.Molecular docking and human MRGPRX2-expressing HEK293T cells(MRGPRX2-HEK293T cells)extraction were performed to determine the potential ligands of MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2(MRGPRX2),a pivotal target for PARs.Glycyrrhizic acid(GA)and licorice chalcone A(LA)were screened and shown to inhibit Compound48/80-induced degranulation and calcium influx in RBL-2H3 cells.GA and LA also inhibited degranulation in MPMCs and increase of histamine and TNF-a in mice.LA could bind to MRGPRX2,as determined by molecular docking and MRGPRX2-HEK293T cell extraction.Our study provides a strong rationale for using GA and LA as novel treatment options for PARs.LA is a potential ligand of MRGPRX2.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875361)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.20ZR1439200)。
文摘Enhancing damping characteristic is one of the effective methods to solve the instability problem of the rotor system.The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of scallop damper seal was established,and the effects of inlet pressures,preswirl ratios,rotational speeds,interlaced angles and seal cavity depths on the rotordynamic characteristics of scallop damper seal were studied based on dynamic mesh method and multi-frequencies elliptic whirling model.Results show that the direct stiffness of the scallop damper seal increases with decreasing inlet pressure and increasing rotational speed and cavity depth.When the seal cavity is interlaced by a certain angle,which shows positive direct stiffness.The effective damping of the scallop damper seal increases with the increasing inlet pressure,the decreasing preswirl ratio and the rotational speed and cavity depth.There exists an optimal interlaced angle to maximize the effective damping and the system stability.The leakage of the scallop damper seal is significantly reduced with decreasing inlet pressure.The preswirl will reduce the leakage flowrate,and the rotational speed has a slight effect on the leakage performance.The leakage of the scallop damper seal decreases with increasing seal cavity depth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81730050(to WH).
文摘In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge.We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO_(2) bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and observed microvascular changes in the brain using photoacoustic imaging with ultrasonography.At each measured time point,the total photoacoustic signal was significantly higher on the affected side than on the healthy side.Twelve hours after reperfusion,cerebral perfusion on the affected side increased,cerebrovascular injury worsened,and anti-tropomyosin 4 expression increased.Twenty-four hours after reperfusion and later,perfusion on the affected side declined slowly and stabilized after 1 week;brain injury was also alleviated.Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the brain injury tissue changes.The nanoshell molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 has potential for use in early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and evaluating its progression.
基金This work was financially sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61735017,61827825)Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LD21F050002)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2020C01116)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(K20200132),Zhejiang Lab(2020MC0AE01)and Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousand Plan for Young Top Talents(2020R52001).Y.S.and L.Y.contributed equally to this work.
文摘Optical microscopy is an essential tool for exploring the structures and activities of cells and tissues.To break the limit of resolution caused by diffraction,researchers have made continuous advances and innovations to improve the resolution of optical microscopy since the 1990s.These contributions,however,still make sub-10nm imaging an obstacle.Here,we name a series of technologies as modulated illumination localization microscopy(MILM),which makes ultra-high-resolution imaging practical.Besides,we review the recent progress since 2017 when MINFLUX was proposed and became the inspiration and foundation for the follow-up devel-opment of MILM.This review divides MILM into two types:point-scanning and wide-field.The schematics,principles and future research directions of MILM are discussed elaborately.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20472116) and 2009 intranational visiting doctoral student project of Ministry of Education.
文摘Vanadium-catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution（OKR） of methyl o-chloromandelate 2a,key intermediate of the well-known oral antiplatelet agent（S）-clopidogrel,was achieved by ambient air for the first time.The air oxidation system,which was composed of vanadium and tridentate Schiff base ligands derived from amino alcohols and salicylaldehyde derivatives,afforded an efficient and economic approach to the target intermediate with high enantioselectivities（99%ee）.
文摘OBJECTIVE Our previous studies demonstrated that various ingredients from the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,as exemplified by cryptotanshinone and salvianolic acid B,exerted striking effects on modulating angiogenesis and vascular permeability,which suggests that they may be effective in treating vascular leak-driven diseases(e.g.tumor,cerebral cavernous malformation and diabetic retinopathy).However,the lack of reliable and advanced technologies and models sets up difficult hurdles for better understanding the role of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.To this end,this study is to outline numerous cutting-edge platforms that can be utilized for exploring the function of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in vascular leak-driven diseases.METHODS Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the interactions between neutrophils and blood vessels in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was employed to mimic the in vivo behaviors of neutrophils.RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model was used to study the function of tumor blood vessels.CCM2ECKO(deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells)mice were employed to establish the cerebral cavernous malformation(CCM)animal model.Micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)was utilized to assess the CCM lesion.Müller cell-knockout mouse model was used to study the progression of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular permeability in this model was assessed by fluorescein angiography.RESULTS The interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells involve a series of complicated processes,including rolling,adhesion,intraluminal crawling and transmigration,which were all monitored in vivo by two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy in a real-time manner.Dynamic flow system was capable of recapitulating the biological behaviors of neutrophils in vitro.Tumor vascular function in particular vascular perfusion could be assessed in the RIP1-Tag5 spontaneous pancreatic cancer model.In terms of CCM studies,specific deletion of CCM2 in endothelial cells resulted in the initiation of CCM lesion.The size and number of CCM lesions could be visualized and quantified by micro-CT.Furthermore,the Müller cell-knockout mouse model was able to precisely reflect the clinical symptoms of diabetic retinopathy.Vascular leak could be monitored at different time points using fluorescein angiography.CONCLUSION An array of high technologies and animal models can be used in investigating the occurrence and progression of multiple vascular leak-driven diseases.The pre-clinical and clinical studies of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis provide fundamental support for the application of the above-mentioned platforms,with the purpose of uncovering the scientific basis of TCM for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
