The development of epoxy(EP)nanocomposites has emerged as a prominent research area across diverse sectors,including automotive,construction,and aerospace industries.Recently,adopting biomimetic strategies for the pre...The development of epoxy(EP)nanocomposites has emerged as a prominent research area across diverse sectors,including automotive,construction,and aerospace industries.Recently,adopting biomimetic strategies for the preparation of nanomaterials to design multifunctional epoxy resins has emerged as a prominent research hotspot.Inspired by the growth pattern of coral reefs,this study successfully engineered a novel hierarchical nanostructured material(Fe-NiPS-PBA)with the aim of creating EP nanocomposites that exhibit highly flame-retardant efficiency,exceptional mechanical strength,and distinguished wear-resisting property even at low additive concentrations.With a 3 wt%addition of Fe-NiPS-PBA,the limiting oxygen index of the EP/3Fe-NiPS-PBA nanocomposite increased from 23.5 to 25.9,achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating.Compared to pure EP,EP/3Fe-NiPSPBA nanocomposite reduced the peak heat release rate(PHRR),total heat release(THR),peak smoke production rate(PSPR),total smoke production(TSP),and maximum CO emission(MCO)by 44.1%,66.7%,47.0%,67.8%,and 51.7%,respectively.Moreover,the incorporation of a 1 wt%additive resulted in significant enhancements of tensile strength from 76.7 MPa to 96.9 MPa,while the wear rate demonstrated a remarkable reduction of 77.8%.The Fe-NiPS-PBA significantly enhanced the fire performance and mechanical strength of EP nanocomposites,demonstrating exceptional overall performance in various applications.展开更多
The von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computing architectures presents a significant challenge for data-inten-sive artificial intelligence applications.A promising approach involves designing specialized hardware...The von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computing architectures presents a significant challenge for data-inten-sive artificial intelligence applications.A promising approach involves designing specialized hardware with on-chip parameter tunability,which directly accelerates machine learning functions.This work demonstrates a continuously tunable mixed-kernel function physically realized within a van der Waals heterostructure.We designed and fabricated a MoTe_(2)/MoS_(2)type-Ⅱvertical heterojunction phototransistor,which exhibits a non-monotonic,Gaussian-like optoelectronic response owing to its unique inter-layer charge transfer mechanism.This intrinsic physical behavior directly maps to a mixed-kernel function combining Gaussian and Sigmoid characteristics.Furthermore,the hardware kernel can be continuously modulated by in-situ tuning of external opti-cal stimuli.The mixed-kernel exhibited exceptional performance,achieving precision,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC)values of 95.8%,96%,and 0.9986,respectively,significantly outperforming conventional kernels.By successfully embedding a complex,adaptable mathematical function into the intrinsic physical properties of a single device,this work pioneers a novel pathway toward next-generation,energy-efficient intelligent systems with hardware-level adaptability.展开更多
AIM: To study the changes of the resting state functional connectivity(rsFC) between acute eye pain(EP) subjects and healthy controls(HCs) in the two hemispheres by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC) me...AIM: To study the changes of the resting state functional connectivity(rsFC) between acute eye pain(EP) subjects and healthy controls(HCs) in the two hemispheres by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC) method.METHODS: Totally 20 patients with EP and 20 HCs were enrolled, sex, age, and education were matched, and all subjects were examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) scans at resting-state. The changes of rs FC between the hemispheres were evaluated by the VMHC method according to Gaussian random field(GRF) theory. In order to identify the VMHC, as biomarkers for distinguishing EP and from HC, the receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC) had been analyzed. The relationships were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis between the mean VMHC signal values and clinical features in these patients.RESULTS: By comparing with health subjects, the significant decreased VMHC values was observed in lingual/calcarine(Brodmann area, BA 30), precentral/postcentral gyrus(PreCG/PosCG; BA 4) and medial frontal gyrus(MFG; BA 8)(false discovery rate corrected <0.01) in the acute EP individuals. The accuracy of area under curve was excellent indicated by the ROC curve analysis of each brain regions.CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates preliminary evidence of disrupted interhemispheric rsFC in acute EP in sensorimotor and limbic system and somatosensory cortex, which might give some useful information for understanding the neurological mechanisms in acute EP individuals.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic neuropathy of the cauda equina(HNCE)is a rare disease,especially in children.It can be caused by different etiological agents such as inflammation,tumor or hereditary factors.Currently,there is...BACKGROUND Hypertrophic neuropathy of the cauda equina(HNCE)is a rare disease,especially in children.It can be caused by different etiological agents such as inflammation,tumor or hereditary factors.Currently,there is no uniform standard for clinical treatment of HNCE.Furthermore,it is unclear whether spinal canal decompression is beneficial for patients with HNCE.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 13-year-old boy with enlargement of the cauda equina.The onset of the disease began at the age of 6 years and was initially marked by radiating pain in the buttocks and thighs after leaning over and weakness in the lower limbs when climbing a ladder.The child did not receive any medical treatment.As the disease slowly progressed,the child needed the help of others to walk,and he had a trendelenburg gait.He underwent spinal canal decompression and a nerve biopsy during his hospital stay.A diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy was made based on electrophysiological findings and pathological examination results.Immunoglobulin or hormone therapy was recommended during hospitalization,but his mother refused.After discharge,the boy’s mother helped him carry out postoperative rehabilitation training at home.His lower-limb muscle strength gradually increased,and he could stand upright and take steps.Six mo after surgery,the child was readmitted and began immunoglobulin therapy.Long-term oral steroid treatment was initiated after discharge.The movement and sensation of the lower limbs were further improved,and the boy could walk normally 1 year after surgery.CONCLUSION Spinal canal decompression can improve the clinical symptoms of HNCE caused by inflammation,even in children.When combined with specific etiological interventions,spinal cord decompression can lead to optimal outcomes.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the protective effect of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops on dry eye in postmenopausal women.METHODS： Sixty postmenopause female patients diagnosed of dry eye were assign...AIM： To investigate the protective effect of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops on dry eye in postmenopausal women.METHODS： Sixty postmenopause female patients diagnosed of dry eye were assigned randomly to mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops treatment group（n=30） and control group treated with normal saline eye drops（n=30）. The subjective symptoms of ocular surface, Ocular Surface Disease Index（OSDI）, tear film function tests, tear protein and corneal morphology by confocal scanning microscopy were analyzed before treatment and at 1, 2, 4 and 8 wk after treatment respectively. To ensure the safety of the trial, all patients were examined with systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, urine creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen at 8 wk after treatment.RESULTS： There were no obvious differences between two groups before the treatment（P〉0.05）. In two months after the treatment, the symptoms of ocular surface, OSDI, tear protein, and tear film function were only slightly changed in normal saline eye drops group. However, all indices were improved after the treatment of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops group（P〈0.05）. In addition, the average amount of corneal epithelium basal cells and inflammatory cells of mistletoe treated group were 3174±379 and 38±25 cells/mm2, significantly decreased as compared to the control group with 4309±612 and 158± 61 cells/mm2, respectively. In the control group, althoughnerves still maintained straight under corneal epithelium, the number of nerves were significantly decreased, as compared with normal female. In the mistletoe treated group, the number of nerves was only slightly reduced, compared with normal female.CONCLUSION： Mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops can alleviate the symptoms and signs of dry eye symptoms.展开更多
Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PT...Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.展开更多
基金Outstanding Youth Scientific Research Project in Anhui Province(2022AH020055)Key Research and Development Projects in Anhui Province(2022i01020016)。
文摘The development of epoxy(EP)nanocomposites has emerged as a prominent research area across diverse sectors,including automotive,construction,and aerospace industries.Recently,adopting biomimetic strategies for the preparation of nanomaterials to design multifunctional epoxy resins has emerged as a prominent research hotspot.Inspired by the growth pattern of coral reefs,this study successfully engineered a novel hierarchical nanostructured material(Fe-NiPS-PBA)with the aim of creating EP nanocomposites that exhibit highly flame-retardant efficiency,exceptional mechanical strength,and distinguished wear-resisting property even at low additive concentrations.With a 3 wt%addition of Fe-NiPS-PBA,the limiting oxygen index of the EP/3Fe-NiPS-PBA nanocomposite increased from 23.5 to 25.9,achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating.Compared to pure EP,EP/3Fe-NiPSPBA nanocomposite reduced the peak heat release rate(PHRR),total heat release(THR),peak smoke production rate(PSPR),total smoke production(TSP),and maximum CO emission(MCO)by 44.1%,66.7%,47.0%,67.8%,and 51.7%,respectively.Moreover,the incorporation of a 1 wt%additive resulted in significant enhancements of tensile strength from 76.7 MPa to 96.9 MPa,while the wear rate demonstrated a remarkable reduction of 77.8%.The Fe-NiPS-PBA significantly enhanced the fire performance and mechanical strength of EP nanocomposites,demonstrating exceptional overall performance in various applications.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62222404,T2450054,62304084,62504087,62361136587 and 92248304)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(Grant No.2021YFB3601200)+3 种基金the Major Program of Hubei Province(Grant No.2023BAA009)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme(Grant No.PDFS2223-4S06)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(Grant No.2025M770530)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZB20250136).
文摘The von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computing architectures presents a significant challenge for data-inten-sive artificial intelligence applications.A promising approach involves designing specialized hardware with on-chip parameter tunability,which directly accelerates machine learning functions.This work demonstrates a continuously tunable mixed-kernel function physically realized within a van der Waals heterostructure.We designed and fabricated a MoTe_(2)/MoS_(2)type-Ⅱvertical heterojunction phototransistor,which exhibits a non-monotonic,Gaussian-like optoelectronic response owing to its unique inter-layer charge transfer mechanism.This intrinsic physical behavior directly maps to a mixed-kernel function combining Gaussian and Sigmoid characteristics.Furthermore,the hardware kernel can be continuously modulated by in-situ tuning of external opti-cal stimuli.The mixed-kernel exhibited exceptional performance,achieving precision,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC)values of 95.8%,96%,and 0.9986,respectively,significantly outperforming conventional kernels.By successfully embedding a complex,adaptable mathematical function into the intrinsic physical properties of a single device,this work pioneers a novel pathway toward next-generation,energy-efficient intelligent systems with hardware-level adaptability.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81660158 No.81400372)+1 种基金Natural Science Key Project of Jiangxi Province(No.20161ACB21017)Health Development Planning Commission Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20175116)
文摘AIM: To study the changes of the resting state functional connectivity(rsFC) between acute eye pain(EP) subjects and healthy controls(HCs) in the two hemispheres by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity(VMHC) method.METHODS: Totally 20 patients with EP and 20 HCs were enrolled, sex, age, and education were matched, and all subjects were examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) scans at resting-state. The changes of rs FC between the hemispheres were evaluated by the VMHC method according to Gaussian random field(GRF) theory. In order to identify the VMHC, as biomarkers for distinguishing EP and from HC, the receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC) had been analyzed. The relationships were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis between the mean VMHC signal values and clinical features in these patients.RESULTS: By comparing with health subjects, the significant decreased VMHC values was observed in lingual/calcarine(Brodmann area, BA 30), precentral/postcentral gyrus(PreCG/PosCG; BA 4) and medial frontal gyrus(MFG; BA 8)(false discovery rate corrected <0.01) in the acute EP individuals. The accuracy of area under curve was excellent indicated by the ROC curve analysis of each brain regions.CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates preliminary evidence of disrupted interhemispheric rsFC in acute EP in sensorimotor and limbic system and somatosensory cortex, which might give some useful information for understanding the neurological mechanisms in acute EP individuals.
基金Supported by the Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Kunming Medical University Application Foundation Research Joint Fund Project,No.202001AY070001-273the Epilepsy Research Fund of China Anti-Epilepsy Association,No.CQ-B-2021-04the Kunming Health Science and Technology Talent Training Project and“100 thousand”Project Training Plan,No.2021-SW(province)-23.
文摘BACKGROUND Hypertrophic neuropathy of the cauda equina(HNCE)is a rare disease,especially in children.It can be caused by different etiological agents such as inflammation,tumor or hereditary factors.Currently,there is no uniform standard for clinical treatment of HNCE.Furthermore,it is unclear whether spinal canal decompression is beneficial for patients with HNCE.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 13-year-old boy with enlargement of the cauda equina.The onset of the disease began at the age of 6 years and was initially marked by radiating pain in the buttocks and thighs after leaning over and weakness in the lower limbs when climbing a ladder.The child did not receive any medical treatment.As the disease slowly progressed,the child needed the help of others to walk,and he had a trendelenburg gait.He underwent spinal canal decompression and a nerve biopsy during his hospital stay.A diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy was made based on electrophysiological findings and pathological examination results.Immunoglobulin or hormone therapy was recommended during hospitalization,but his mother refused.After discharge,the boy’s mother helped him carry out postoperative rehabilitation training at home.His lower-limb muscle strength gradually increased,and he could stand upright and take steps.Six mo after surgery,the child was readmitted and began immunoglobulin therapy.Long-term oral steroid treatment was initiated after discharge.The movement and sensation of the lower limbs were further improved,and the boy could walk normally 1 year after surgery.CONCLUSION Spinal canal decompression can improve the clinical symptoms of HNCE caused by inflammation,even in children.When combined with specific etiological interventions,spinal cord decompression can lead to optimal outcomes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81460092, No.81660158 and No.81400372)Natural Science Key Project of Jiangxi Province (No.20161ACB21017)+1 种基金Youth Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20151BAB215016)Technology and Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20151BBG70223)
文摘AIM： To investigate the protective effect of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops on dry eye in postmenopausal women.METHODS： Sixty postmenopause female patients diagnosed of dry eye were assigned randomly to mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops treatment group（n=30） and control group treated with normal saline eye drops（n=30）. The subjective symptoms of ocular surface, Ocular Surface Disease Index（OSDI）, tear film function tests, tear protein and corneal morphology by confocal scanning microscopy were analyzed before treatment and at 1, 2, 4 and 8 wk after treatment respectively. To ensure the safety of the trial, all patients were examined with systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, urine creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen at 8 wk after treatment.RESULTS： There were no obvious differences between two groups before the treatment（P〉0.05）. In two months after the treatment, the symptoms of ocular surface, OSDI, tear protein, and tear film function were only slightly changed in normal saline eye drops group. However, all indices were improved after the treatment of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops group（P〈0.05）. In addition, the average amount of corneal epithelium basal cells and inflammatory cells of mistletoe treated group were 3174±379 and 38±25 cells/mm2, significantly decreased as compared to the control group with 4309±612 and 158± 61 cells/mm2, respectively. In the control group, althoughnerves still maintained straight under corneal epithelium, the number of nerves were significantly decreased, as compared with normal female. In the mistletoe treated group, the number of nerves was only slightly reduced, compared with normal female.CONCLUSION： Mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops can alleviate the symptoms and signs of dry eye symptoms.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province University, No.2023AH040394 (to TY)Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Leading Medicine and Frontier Technology Research Institute Project, No.2023IHM01073 (to TY)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province, Nos.2308085QH258 (to JW), 2008085MH246 (to TY)。
文摘Reducing the secondary inflammatory response, which is partly mediated by microglia, is a key focus in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2(SHP2), encoded by PTPN11, is widely expressed in the human body and plays a role in inflammation through various mechanisms. Therefore, SHP2 is considered a potential target for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in secondary inflammation after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In this study, SHP2 was found to be abundantly expressed in microglia at the site of spinal cord injury. Inhibition of SHP2 expression using siRNA and SHP2 inhibitors attenuated the microglial inflammatory response in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide-induced model of inflammation. Notably, after treatment with SHP2 inhibitors, mice with spinal cord injury exhibited significantly improved hind limb locomotor function and reduced residual urine volume in the bladder. Subsequent in vitro experiments showed that, in microglia stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, inhibiting SHP2 expression promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization. Finally, a co-culture experiment was conducted to assess the effect of microglia treated with SHP2 inhibitors on neuronal cells. The results demonstrated that inflammatory factors produced by microglia promoted neuronal apoptosis, while inhibiting SHP2 expression mitigated these effects. Collectively, our findings suggest that SHP2 enhances secondary inflammation and neuronal damage subsequent to spinal cord injury by modulating microglial phenotype. Therefore, inhibiting SHP2 alleviates the inflammatory response in mice with spinal cord injury and promotes functional recovery postinjury.
