Hepatitis B virus （HBV）-induced liver failure is an emergent liver disease leading to high mortality. The severity of liver failure may be reflected by the profile of some metabolites. This study assessed the potent...Hepatitis B virus （HBV）-induced liver failure is an emergent liver disease leading to high mortality. The severity of liver failure may be reflected by the profile of some metabolites. This study assessed the potential of using metabolites as biomarkers for liver failure by identifying metabolites with good discriminative performance for its phenotype. The serum samples from 24 HBV-indueed liver failure patients and 23 healthy volunteers were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） to generate metabolite profiles. The 24 patients were further grouped into two classes according to the severity of liver failure. Twenty-five eommensal peaks in all metabolite profiles were extracted, and the relative area values of these peaks were used as features for each sample. Three algorithms, F-test, k-nearest neighbor （KNN） and fuzzy support vector machine （FSVM） combined with exhaustive search （ES）, were employed to identify a subset of metabolites （biomarkers） that best predict liver failure. Based on the achieved experimental dataset, 93.62% predictive accuracy by 6 features was selected with FSVM-ES and three key metabolites, glyeerie acid, cis-aeonitie acid and citric acid, are identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers.展开更多
As a nonmetallic charge carrier,ammonium ion(NH_(4)^(+))has garnered significant attention in the construction of aqueous batteries due to its advantages of low molar mass,small hydration size and rapid diffusion in a...As a nonmetallic charge carrier,ammonium ion(NH_(4)^(+))has garnered significant attention in the construction of aqueous batteries due to its advantages of low molar mass,small hydration size and rapid diffusion in aqueous solutions.Polymers are a kind of potential electro-active materials for aqueous NH_(4)^(+)storage.However,traditional polymer electrodes are typically created by covering the bulky collectors with excessive additives,which could lead to low volume capacity and unsatisfactory stability.Herein,a nanoparticle-like polyimide(PI)was synthesized and then combined with MXene nanosheets to synergistically construct an additive-free and self-standing PI@MXene composite electrode.Significantly,the redox-active PI nanoparticles are enclosed between conductive MXene flakes to create a 3D lamination-like network that promotes electron transmission,while theπ-πinteractions existing between PI and MXene contribute to the enhanced structural integrity and stability within the composite electrode.As such,it delivers superior aqueous NH_(4)^(+)storage behaviors in terms of a notable specific capacity of 110.7 mA·h·cm^(–3) and a long lifespan with only 0.0064%drop each cycle.Furthermore,in-situ Raman and UV–Vis examinations provide evidence of reversible and stable redox mechanism of the PI@MXene composite electrode during NH_(4)^(+)uptake/removal,highlighting its significance in the area of electrochemical energy storage.展开更多
本研究旨在探讨离心跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌适应性肥大的影响及其机制。选取3月龄Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠32只,据体重随机分为四组:2周安静对照组(2C)、2周下坡跑运动组(2E)、4周安静对照组(4C)和4周下坡跑运动组(4E)。运动组大鼠下坡跑...本研究旨在探讨离心跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌适应性肥大的影响及其机制。选取3月龄Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠32只,据体重随机分为四组:2周安静对照组(2C)、2周下坡跑运动组(2E)、4周安静对照组(4C)和4周下坡跑运动组(4E)。运动组大鼠下坡跑方案为:坡度-16°,跑速16 m/min,训练时间90 min,每周训练5 d。末次训练24 h后让4组大鼠均进行一次力竭跑台运动,休息48 h后处死所有大鼠,取腓肠肌待测。用HE染色测量肌纤维横截面积与直径,用透射电镜观察肌纤维超微结构变化,用嘌呤霉素表面标记翻译法测定蛋白质合成率,用免疫荧光双标法检测溶酶体关联膜蛋白2(lysosomalassociated membrane protein 2,Lamp2)-亮氨酰-tRNA合成酶(leucyl-tRNA synthetase,LARS)、Lamp2-哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)共定位情况,用免疫印迹法测定肌球蛋白重链(myosin heavy chain,MHC)IIb和LARS蛋白表达及mTOR、p70核糖体蛋白S6激酶(p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase,p70S6K)和真核翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白1(eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1,4E-BP1)磷酸化水平。结果显示,与2C组大鼠相比,2E组大鼠腓肠肌湿重、腓肠肌湿重/体重比值、跑距、运动时间、运动前与运动后血乳酸水平、肌原纤维蛋白质含量、Lamp2-LARS和Lamp2-mTOR共定位水平和LARS蛋白表达显著提高;除了上述变化外,与4C组大鼠相比,4E组大鼠还表现出肌纤维横截面积、直径、蛋白质合成率、m TOR、p70S6K及4E-BP1磷酸化水平显著提高;与安静对照组相比,运动组大鼠腓肠肌表现出超微结构损伤,其中4E组更为明显。以上结果表明,离心跑台运动可能通过上调LARS表达促进mTOR转位至溶酶体膜而活化,并经mTOR-p70S6K-4E-BP1信号转导通路上调蛋白质合成速率,促进蛋白质沉积,从而诱发适应性骨骼肌肥大。尽管骨骼肌超微结构变化更为明显,但短期运动期限内相对较长的训练周期所产生的促腓肠肌蛋白质合成与适应性肥大效果更为显著。展开更多
Urban areas’performance in water,energy,infrastructure,and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)6–13.Effective synergy among these is critical for sustainab...Urban areas’performance in water,energy,infrastructure,and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)6–13.Effective synergy among these is critical for sustainability.This study constructs an indicator framework that reflects progress towards these urban SDGs in China.Findings indicate underperformance in SDGs 8–11,suggesting the need for transformative actions.Through network analysis,the research reveals complementarities among these SDGs.Notably,the SDG space divides into socio-economic and ecological clusters,with SDG 6(Clean Water and Sanitation)central to both.Additionally,SDG 8(Decent Work and Economic Growth)and SDG 9(Industry,Innovation,and Infrastructure)act as bridges,while greater synergies exist between SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production)and SDG 13(Climate Action).An in-depth view at the indicator-level shows a core-periphery structure,emphasizing indicators like SDG 6.2(Wastewater Treatment Rate)and SDG 6.6(Recycled Water Production Capacity per capita)as pivotal.This study confirms the urban SDG space’s stability and predictiveness,underscoring its value in steering well-aligned policy decisions for sustainable growth.展开更多
Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving efflue...Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving effluent discharge standards often requires considerable energy and chemical consumption during operation,resulting in significant carbon footprints.In this study,GHG emissions are systematically accounted for,and the driving factors of carbon footprint growth in China’s MWWTPs are explored.In 2020,a total of 41.9 million tonnes(Mt)of carbon dioxide equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)were released by the sector,with nearly two-thirds being indirect emissions resulting from energy and material usage.The intensity of electricity,carbon source,and phosphorus removing agent consumption increasingly influence carbon footprint growth over time.Through statistical inference,benchmarks for electricity and chemical consumption intensity are established across all MWWTPs under various operational conditions,and the potential for mitigation through more efficient energy and material utilization is calculated.The results suggest that many MWWTPs offer significant opportunities for emission reduction.Consequently,empirical decarbonization measures,including intelligent device control,optimization of aeration equipment,energy recovery initiatives,and other enhancements to improve operational and carbon efficiency,are recommended.展开更多
Magnetic reconnection driving a two-sided-loop jet is typically associated with interactions between an emerging bipole and the overlying horizontal magnetic field,or between filaments from separate magnetic systems.L...Magnetic reconnection driving a two-sided-loop jet is typically associated with interactions between an emerging bipole and the overlying horizontal magnetic field,or between filaments from separate magnetic systems.Leveraging high temporal and spatial resolution observations from ground-based and space-borne instruments,we have identified a two-sided-loop jet originating from magnetic reconnection between threads within a single filament.Our observations show that as two initially crossing filamentary threads within the filament converge,reconnection takes place at their intersection.In the Doppler images,distinct redshift and blueshift signals are observed at the locations where the filament threads intersected.This process generates a two-sided-loop jet with outflow speeds of 22.2 and 62.5 km s^(-1).Following reconnection,the original crossing threads transform into two parallel threads that subsequently separate at speeds of 2.8 and 8.3kms^(-1).This observation offers a new perspective on the mechanisms responsible for jet formation.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.20070410397)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60705002)the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2005C13026)
文摘Hepatitis B virus （HBV）-induced liver failure is an emergent liver disease leading to high mortality. The severity of liver failure may be reflected by the profile of some metabolites. This study assessed the potential of using metabolites as biomarkers for liver failure by identifying metabolites with good discriminative performance for its phenotype. The serum samples from 24 HBV-indueed liver failure patients and 23 healthy volunteers were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） to generate metabolite profiles. The 24 patients were further grouped into two classes according to the severity of liver failure. Twenty-five eommensal peaks in all metabolite profiles were extracted, and the relative area values of these peaks were used as features for each sample. Three algorithms, F-test, k-nearest neighbor （KNN） and fuzzy support vector machine （FSVM） combined with exhaustive search （ES）, were employed to identify a subset of metabolites （biomarkers） that best predict liver failure. Based on the achieved experimental dataset, 93.62% predictive accuracy by 6 features was selected with FSVM-ES and three key metabolites, glyeerie acid, cis-aeonitie acid and citric acid, are identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002157)the Undergraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(202310289033Z).
文摘As a nonmetallic charge carrier,ammonium ion(NH_(4)^(+))has garnered significant attention in the construction of aqueous batteries due to its advantages of low molar mass,small hydration size and rapid diffusion in aqueous solutions.Polymers are a kind of potential electro-active materials for aqueous NH_(4)^(+)storage.However,traditional polymer electrodes are typically created by covering the bulky collectors with excessive additives,which could lead to low volume capacity and unsatisfactory stability.Herein,a nanoparticle-like polyimide(PI)was synthesized and then combined with MXene nanosheets to synergistically construct an additive-free and self-standing PI@MXene composite electrode.Significantly,the redox-active PI nanoparticles are enclosed between conductive MXene flakes to create a 3D lamination-like network that promotes electron transmission,while theπ-πinteractions existing between PI and MXene contribute to the enhanced structural integrity and stability within the composite electrode.As such,it delivers superior aqueous NH_(4)^(+)storage behaviors in terms of a notable specific capacity of 110.7 mA·h·cm^(–3) and a long lifespan with only 0.0064%drop each cycle.Furthermore,in-situ Raman and UV–Vis examinations provide evidence of reversible and stable redox mechanism of the PI@MXene composite electrode during NH_(4)^(+)uptake/removal,highlighting its significance in the area of electrochemical energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31960192)the Jiangxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.20202ACBL216004)+4 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY23C110001)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(No.2023NSFSC1524)the Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(No.Y202352718)the Basic Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou(No.Y20220209,Y20240518)the Wenzhou University Graduate Student Innovation Fund Project(No.3162024003022)。
文摘本研究旨在探讨离心跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌适应性肥大的影响及其机制。选取3月龄Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠32只,据体重随机分为四组:2周安静对照组(2C)、2周下坡跑运动组(2E)、4周安静对照组(4C)和4周下坡跑运动组(4E)。运动组大鼠下坡跑方案为:坡度-16°,跑速16 m/min,训练时间90 min,每周训练5 d。末次训练24 h后让4组大鼠均进行一次力竭跑台运动,休息48 h后处死所有大鼠,取腓肠肌待测。用HE染色测量肌纤维横截面积与直径,用透射电镜观察肌纤维超微结构变化,用嘌呤霉素表面标记翻译法测定蛋白质合成率,用免疫荧光双标法检测溶酶体关联膜蛋白2(lysosomalassociated membrane protein 2,Lamp2)-亮氨酰-tRNA合成酶(leucyl-tRNA synthetase,LARS)、Lamp2-哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)共定位情况,用免疫印迹法测定肌球蛋白重链(myosin heavy chain,MHC)IIb和LARS蛋白表达及mTOR、p70核糖体蛋白S6激酶(p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase,p70S6K)和真核翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白1(eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1,4E-BP1)磷酸化水平。结果显示,与2C组大鼠相比,2E组大鼠腓肠肌湿重、腓肠肌湿重/体重比值、跑距、运动时间、运动前与运动后血乳酸水平、肌原纤维蛋白质含量、Lamp2-LARS和Lamp2-mTOR共定位水平和LARS蛋白表达显著提高;除了上述变化外,与4C组大鼠相比,4E组大鼠还表现出肌纤维横截面积、直径、蛋白质合成率、m TOR、p70S6K及4E-BP1磷酸化水平显著提高;与安静对照组相比,运动组大鼠腓肠肌表现出超微结构损伤,其中4E组更为明显。以上结果表明,离心跑台运动可能通过上调LARS表达促进mTOR转位至溶酶体膜而活化,并经mTOR-p70S6K-4E-BP1信号转导通路上调蛋白质合成速率,促进蛋白质沉积,从而诱发适应性骨骼肌肥大。尽管骨骼肌超微结构变化更为明显,但短期运动期限内相对较长的训练周期所产生的促腓肠肌蛋白质合成与适应性肥大效果更为显著。
基金supported by the Excellent Young Scientists Fund from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72022004)the National Key Scientific Research Project(No.2021YFC3200200).
文摘Urban areas’performance in water,energy,infrastructure,and socio-economic sectors is intertwined and measurable through Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)6–13.Effective synergy among these is critical for sustainability.This study constructs an indicator framework that reflects progress towards these urban SDGs in China.Findings indicate underperformance in SDGs 8–11,suggesting the need for transformative actions.Through network analysis,the research reveals complementarities among these SDGs.Notably,the SDG space divides into socio-economic and ecological clusters,with SDG 6(Clean Water and Sanitation)central to both.Additionally,SDG 8(Decent Work and Economic Growth)and SDG 9(Industry,Innovation,and Infrastructure)act as bridges,while greater synergies exist between SDG 12(Responsible Consumption and Production)and SDG 13(Climate Action).An in-depth view at the indicator-level shows a core-periphery structure,emphasizing indicators like SDG 6.2(Wastewater Treatment Rate)and SDG 6.6(Recycled Water Production Capacity per capita)as pivotal.This study confirms the urban SDG space’s stability and predictiveness,underscoring its value in steering well-aligned policy decisions for sustainable growth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52200228 and 72022004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC3200205 and 2022YFC3203704).
文摘Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving effluent discharge standards often requires considerable energy and chemical consumption during operation,resulting in significant carbon footprints.In this study,GHG emissions are systematically accounted for,and the driving factors of carbon footprint growth in China’s MWWTPs are explored.In 2020,a total of 41.9 million tonnes(Mt)of carbon dioxide equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)were released by the sector,with nearly two-thirds being indirect emissions resulting from energy and material usage.The intensity of electricity,carbon source,and phosphorus removing agent consumption increasingly influence carbon footprint growth over time.Through statistical inference,benchmarks for electricity and chemical consumption intensity are established across all MWWTPs under various operational conditions,and the potential for mitigation through more efficient energy and material utilization is calculated.The results suggest that many MWWTPs offer significant opportunities for emission reduction.Consequently,empirical decarbonization measures,including intelligent device control,optimization of aeration equipment,energy recovery initiatives,and other enhancements to improve operational and carbon efficiency,are recommended.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant Nos.12303062 and 12203043)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1351,2025ZNSFSC0315)+1 种基金Key Laboratory of Detection and Application of Space Effect in Southwest Sichuan at Leshan Normal University,Education Department of Sichuan Province(No.ZDXM20241002)Project Supported by the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather。
文摘Magnetic reconnection driving a two-sided-loop jet is typically associated with interactions between an emerging bipole and the overlying horizontal magnetic field,or between filaments from separate magnetic systems.Leveraging high temporal and spatial resolution observations from ground-based and space-borne instruments,we have identified a two-sided-loop jet originating from magnetic reconnection between threads within a single filament.Our observations show that as two initially crossing filamentary threads within the filament converge,reconnection takes place at their intersection.In the Doppler images,distinct redshift and blueshift signals are observed at the locations where the filament threads intersected.This process generates a two-sided-loop jet with outflow speeds of 22.2 and 62.5 km s^(-1).Following reconnection,the original crossing threads transform into two parallel threads that subsequently separate at speeds of 2.8 and 8.3kms^(-1).This observation offers a new perspective on the mechanisms responsible for jet formation.
