In order to explore the reduction pathways of zinc oxide in LiCl molten salt and the optimal process,experiments were conducted in an alumina crucible using metallic lithium as the reducing agent and lithium chloride ...In order to explore the reduction pathways of zinc oxide in LiCl molten salt and the optimal process,experiments were conducted in an alumina crucible using metallic lithium as the reducing agent and lithium chloride molten salt as the reaction medium at 923 K.The study assessed the effects of lithium thermochemical reduction and electrolytic reduction of ZnO.The volatilization behavior of metal oxides in molten salts,the equivalent of a reducing agent,reduction time,amount of molten salt,stirring time,and the method of reduction feed were investigated for their impacts on the reduction yield and product composition.X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)analysis of the products showed that lithium reduction of ZnO not only produced metallic Zn but also formed a LiZn alloy.Electrolytic reduction can be used to obtain the metallic Zn product by controlling the potential below-2.2 V(vs Ag/Ag^(+)).Moreover,sintered oxides and higher electrode potentials could enhance the efficiency of electrolysis.Under the optimal reaction conditions determined experimentally,the lithium reduction experiment achieved a yield of 77.2%after a 12-h test,and the electrolytic reduction reached a yield of 85.4%after a 6-h test.展开更多
Although the effectiveness of a tuned viscous mass damper(TVMD)as an inerter-based device for vibration control in civil structures has been thoroughly investigated,there is a lack of systematic research regarding the...Although the effectiveness of a tuned viscous mass damper(TVMD)as an inerter-based device for vibration control in civil structures has been thoroughly investigated,there is a lack of systematic research regarding the application of TVMDs for seismic response control of industrial buildings coupled with mechanical equipment.Therefore,this study proposes ungrounded and grounded TVMDs to effectively utilize the mass of the mechanical equipment and fully exploit the capabilities of the inerter element.An optimal design methodology is developed by pursuing the maximum effective damping ratio and seeking the most rational TVMD control scheme.Validation of TVMD control performance is conducted through time-history analysis based on 20 real seismic ground motions recommended by ATC-40,and by providing a barrel mixer industrial building as a real-life numerical example.The results show that both an ungrounded and grounded TVMD can effectively mitigate the seismic response of the primary structure.Compared to the traditional tuned mass damper(TMD),TVMDs can obtain improved control performance for a given equipment mass ratio.Moreover,an ungrounded TVMD and a TMD show similar working mechanisms that tend to release the displacement of equipment to keep their optimal state,whereas equipment displacement for a grounded TVMD should be strictly limited to provide sufficient anti-force.展开更多
为探索有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎症关联性,通过检索PubMed、Embase、Scopus和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎性因子影响的相关研究,利用RevMan5.4和R软件进行Meta和关联...为探索有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎症关联性,通过检索PubMed、Embase、Scopus和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎性因子影响的相关研究,利用RevMan5.4和R软件进行Meta和关联性分析。结果表明:有氧运动显著降低了B型利钠肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)[标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD)=-0.84,95%CI(-1.34,-0.34),P=0.001]、收缩压(SBP)[SMD=-0.55,95%CI(-0.86,-0.25),P=0.0004]和舒张压(DBP)[SMD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.67,-0.32),P=0.004]、LDL[SMD=-0.53,95%CI(-0.89,-0.18),P=0.003]和C-反应蛋白(CRP)[SMD=-0.53,95%CI(-0.90,-0.16),P=0.005]。CRP和HDL、LDL、DBP呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.35、0.26和0.28;CRP与SBP呈负相关,相关系数为-0.31。由此可见,心血管疾病患者参与有氧运动能够在一定程度改善心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎症因子水平,并且心脏功能和脂质代谢、炎症之间存在相关性。展开更多
Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB),which obtain energy from dissimilatory sulfate reduction,play a vital role in the carbon and sulfur cycles.The dissimilatory sulfite reductase(Dsr),catalyzing the last step in the sulfat...Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB),which obtain energy from dissimilatory sulfate reduction,play a vital role in the carbon and sulfur cycles.The dissimilatory sulfite reductase(Dsr),catalyzing the last step in the sulfate reduction pathway,has been found in all known SRB that have been tested so far.In this study,the diversity of SRB was investigated in the surface sediments from the adjacent area of Changjiang Estuary by PCR amplification,cloning and sequencing of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase beta subunit gene(dsr B).Based on dsr B clone libraries constructed in this study,diversified SRB were found,represented by 173 unique OTUs.Certain cloned sequences were associated with Desulfobacteraceae,Desulfobulbaceae,and a large fraction(60%) of novel sequences that have deeply branched groups in the dsr B tree,indicating that novel SRB inhabit the surface sediments.In addition,correlations of the SRB assemblages with environmental factors were analyzed by the linear model-based redundancy analysis(RDA).The result revealed that temperature,salinity and the content of TOC were most closely correlated with the SRB communities.More information on SRB community was obtained by applying the utility of Uni Frac to published dsr B gene sequences from this study and other 9 different kinds of marine environments.The results demonstrated that there were highly similar SRB genotypes in the marine and estuarine sediments,and that geographic positions and environmental factors influenced the SRB community distribution.展开更多
文摘In order to explore the reduction pathways of zinc oxide in LiCl molten salt and the optimal process,experiments were conducted in an alumina crucible using metallic lithium as the reducing agent and lithium chloride molten salt as the reaction medium at 923 K.The study assessed the effects of lithium thermochemical reduction and electrolytic reduction of ZnO.The volatilization behavior of metal oxides in molten salts,the equivalent of a reducing agent,reduction time,amount of molten salt,stirring time,and the method of reduction feed were investigated for their impacts on the reduction yield and product composition.X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)analysis of the products showed that lithium reduction of ZnO not only produced metallic Zn but also formed a LiZn alloy.Electrolytic reduction can be used to obtain the metallic Zn product by controlling the potential below-2.2 V(vs Ag/Ag^(+)).Moreover,sintered oxides and higher electrode potentials could enhance the efficiency of electrolysis.Under the optimal reaction conditions determined experimentally,the lithium reduction experiment achieved a yield of 77.2%after a 12-h test,and the electrolytic reduction reached a yield of 85.4%after a 6-h test.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.52408327 and 52278306Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province,China under Grant No.2022SK2096+3 种基金Science and Technology Progress and Innovation Project of the Department of Transportation of Hunan Province,China under Grant No.201912Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China under Grant No.2024JJ6198Scientific Research Project of the Education Department of Hunan Province,China under Grant No.25A0645Emergency Management Science and Technology Project of the Emergency Management Department of Hunan Province,China under Grant No.yjtkjxm_202406。
文摘Although the effectiveness of a tuned viscous mass damper(TVMD)as an inerter-based device for vibration control in civil structures has been thoroughly investigated,there is a lack of systematic research regarding the application of TVMDs for seismic response control of industrial buildings coupled with mechanical equipment.Therefore,this study proposes ungrounded and grounded TVMDs to effectively utilize the mass of the mechanical equipment and fully exploit the capabilities of the inerter element.An optimal design methodology is developed by pursuing the maximum effective damping ratio and seeking the most rational TVMD control scheme.Validation of TVMD control performance is conducted through time-history analysis based on 20 real seismic ground motions recommended by ATC-40,and by providing a barrel mixer industrial building as a real-life numerical example.The results show that both an ungrounded and grounded TVMD can effectively mitigate the seismic response of the primary structure.Compared to the traditional tuned mass damper(TMD),TVMDs can obtain improved control performance for a given equipment mass ratio.Moreover,an ungrounded TVMD and a TMD show similar working mechanisms that tend to release the displacement of equipment to keep their optimal state,whereas equipment displacement for a grounded TVMD should be strictly limited to provide sufficient anti-force.
文摘为探索有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎症关联性,通过检索PubMed、Embase、Scopus和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中有氧运动与心血管疾病患者心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎性因子影响的相关研究,利用RevMan5.4和R软件进行Meta和关联性分析。结果表明:有氧运动显著降低了B型利钠肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)[标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD)=-0.84,95%CI(-1.34,-0.34),P=0.001]、收缩压(SBP)[SMD=-0.55,95%CI(-0.86,-0.25),P=0.0004]和舒张压(DBP)[SMD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.67,-0.32),P=0.004]、LDL[SMD=-0.53,95%CI(-0.89,-0.18),P=0.003]和C-反应蛋白(CRP)[SMD=-0.53,95%CI(-0.90,-0.16),P=0.005]。CRP和HDL、LDL、DBP呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.35、0.26和0.28;CRP与SBP呈负相关,相关系数为-0.31。由此可见,心血管疾病患者参与有氧运动能够在一定程度改善心脏功能、脂质代谢和炎症因子水平,并且心脏功能和脂质代谢、炎症之间存在相关性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program)(Nos.40920164004,2011CB403602,41375143)
文摘Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB),which obtain energy from dissimilatory sulfate reduction,play a vital role in the carbon and sulfur cycles.The dissimilatory sulfite reductase(Dsr),catalyzing the last step in the sulfate reduction pathway,has been found in all known SRB that have been tested so far.In this study,the diversity of SRB was investigated in the surface sediments from the adjacent area of Changjiang Estuary by PCR amplification,cloning and sequencing of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase beta subunit gene(dsr B).Based on dsr B clone libraries constructed in this study,diversified SRB were found,represented by 173 unique OTUs.Certain cloned sequences were associated with Desulfobacteraceae,Desulfobulbaceae,and a large fraction(60%) of novel sequences that have deeply branched groups in the dsr B tree,indicating that novel SRB inhabit the surface sediments.In addition,correlations of the SRB assemblages with environmental factors were analyzed by the linear model-based redundancy analysis(RDA).The result revealed that temperature,salinity and the content of TOC were most closely correlated with the SRB communities.More information on SRB community was obtained by applying the utility of Uni Frac to published dsr B gene sequences from this study and other 9 different kinds of marine environments.The results demonstrated that there were highly similar SRB genotypes in the marine and estuarine sediments,and that geographic positions and environmental factors influenced the SRB community distribution.
