目的 本研究旨在基于术前多参数MRI的深度迁移学习(deep transfer learning,DTL)特征建立模型,以预测子宫内膜癌(endometrial carcinoma,EC)患者淋巴脉管间隙浸润(lymphovascular space invasion,LVSI)状态。材料与方法 回顾性收集2016...目的 本研究旨在基于术前多参数MRI的深度迁移学习(deep transfer learning,DTL)特征建立模型,以预测子宫内膜癌(endometrial carcinoma,EC)患者淋巴脉管间隙浸润(lymphovascular space invasion,LVSI)状态。材料与方法 回顾性收集2016年2月至2023年7月本院187例经手术病理确诊的EC患者的临床信息及术前MRI图像。并按7∶3比例随机分为训练集(131例)和测试集(56例)。在轴位T2加权成像、扩散加权成像、表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)图及对比增强T1加权图像上手动勾画病灶感兴趣区。采用ResNet50、ResNet101及DenseNet121网络建立12种DTL模型,接着,采用平均值、最大值及最小值三种决策级融合方法建立融合模型,并从中选取最佳模型作为最终的DTL模型。通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析筛选出临床特征后建立临床模型,并使用logistic回归联合DTL和临床特征建立DTL-临床联合模型。采用受试者工作特征曲线评估模型诊断EC患者LVSI的效能,通过DeLong检验比较曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC),校准曲线分析模型的拟合优度,决策曲线分析(decision curve analysis,DCA)探讨模型的临床适用性。结果 测试集中,基于ADC图像建立的ResNet101模型在诊断EC患者LVSI时表现出最高的AUC值,为0.850 [95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI):0.736~0.963]。。采用平均值融合方法建立的融合模型,在测试集中AUC值最高,达到了0.932(95%CI:0.868~0.996),为最佳DTL模型。logistic回归分析表明年龄是EC患者LVSI的独立危险因素。DTL-临床联合模型在测试集中AUC为0.934(95%CI:0.871~0.997),诊断效能优于临床模型[AUC为0.554 (95%CI:0.436~0.671),P<0.001],与DTL模型比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.909)。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示联合模型在训练集和测试集中均具有较好的拟合效果(P=0.814及0.402),DCA显示临床净获益更大。结论 基于术前多参数MRI建立的DTL模型,以及将DTL特征与临床特征相结合建立的联合模型,能有效预测EC患者LVSI状态,诊断效能优于临床模型。DTL在小样本EC的MRI数据中表现优异,为LVSI术前预测提供重要临床辅助工具。展开更多
Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an...Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.展开更多
Fast electron-hole recombination issues during titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))photocatalysis limit its application in preventing bacterial infection during bone defect repair.In this study,TiO_(2)@reduced graphene oxide(rGO...Fast electron-hole recombination issues during titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))photocatalysis limit its application in preventing bacterial infection during bone defect repair.In this study,TiO_(2)@reduced graphene oxide(rGO)composites were synthesized using a hydrothermal method in which rGO,which possesses very high electrical conductivity,promotes the separation of photoelectron-hole pairs of TiO_(2),thus improving the efficiency of photocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Subsequently,TiO_(2)@rGO composites were introduced into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)to prepare bone scaffolds with photocatalytic antibacterial function via selective laser sintering.The results showed that TiO_(2)grew on the surface of rGO and formed a covalent bond connection(Ti-O-C)with rGO.A decreased electrochemical impedance of TiO_(2)@rGO composites was observed,and the transient photocurrent intensity increased from 0.05 to 0.5μA/cm^(2).Analysis of electron spin resonance found that the photocatalytic products of TiO_(2)were·OH and·O^(2-),two kinds of ROS capable of killing bacteria via disrupting the structure of the bacterial membrane in vitro.Antibacterial experiments showed that the PLLA/TiO_(2)@rGO scaffolds had good antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Finally,we report that these scaffolds exhibited both enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of TiO_(2)@rGO as a reinforcement material and good biocompatibility during cell proliferation.展开更多
Conventional coordinated control strategies for DC bus voltage signal(DBS)in islanded DC microgrids(IDCMGs)struggle with coordinating multiple distributed generators(DGs)and cannot effectively incorporate state of cha...Conventional coordinated control strategies for DC bus voltage signal(DBS)in islanded DC microgrids(IDCMGs)struggle with coordinating multiple distributed generators(DGs)and cannot effectively incorporate state of charge(SOC)information of the energy storage system,thereby reducing the system flexibility.In this study,we propose an adaptive coordinated control strategy that employs a two-layer fuzzy neural network controller(FNNC)to adapt to varying operating conditions in an IDCMG with multiple PV and battery energy storage system(BESS)units.The first-layer FNNC generates optimal operating mode commands for each DG,thereby avoiding the requirement for complex operating modes based on SOC segmentation.An optimal switching sequence logic prioritizes the most appropriate units during mode transitions.The second-layer FNNC dynamically adjusts the droop power to overcome power distribution challenges among DG groups.This helps in preventing the PV power from exceeding the limits and mitigating the risk of BESS overcharging or over-discharging.The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy enhances the coordinated operation of multi-DG IDCMGs,thereby ensuring the efficient and safe utilization of PV and BESS.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompan...AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） after esophagectomy. MEHTODS： Three hundred and fifty-eight patients were divided into POPC group and COPD group. We performed a retrospective review of the 358 consecutive patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with or without COPD to assess the possible influence of COPD on postoperative pulmonary complications. We classified COPD into four grades according to percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV1） and analyzed the incidence rate of complications among the four grades. Perioperative arterial blood gases were tested in patients with or without pulmonary complications in COPD group and compared with POP（： group. RESULTS： Patients with COPD （29/86, 33.7%）had more pulmonary complications than those without COPD （36/272, 13.2%） （P〈0.001）. Pneumonia （15/29, 51.7%）, atelectasis （13/29, 44.8%）, prolonged 02 supplement （10/29, 34.5%）, and prolonged mechanical ventilation （8/29, 27.6%） were the major complications in COPD group. Moreover, patients with severe COPD （grade Ⅱ B, FEV1 〈 50% of predicted） had more POPCs than those with moderate（gradeⅡA,50%-80% of predicted） and mild （grade Ⅰ≥80% of predicted） COPD （P〈0.05）. PaO2 was decreased and PaCO2 was increased in patients with pulmonary complications in COPD group in the first postoperative week.CONCLUSION： The criteria of COPD are the critical predictor for pulmonary complications in esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy. Severity of COPD affects the incidence rate of the pulmonary complication,and percent-predicted FEV1 is a good predictive variable for pulmonary complication in patients-with COPD.Arterial blood gases are helpful in directing perioperative management.展开更多
The aim of the study was to develop actarit double-layered osmotic pump tablets to overcome the weak points of actarit common tablets, such as short half-life and large plasma concentration fluctuations. Single factor...The aim of the study was to develop actarit double-layered osmotic pump tablets to overcome the weak points of actarit common tablets, such as short half-life and large plasma concentration fluctuations. Single factor experiment and orthogonal test were applied to optimize the formulation;the pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs adopting actarit common tablets as reference tablets. The optimal formulation was as follows: drug layer: 150 mg actarit, 240 mg PEO-N80, 50 mg NaCl;push layer: 140 mg PEO-WSR303, 20 mg NaCl;coating solution: 30 g cellulose acetate and 6 g PEG 4000 in 1000 ml 94% acetone solution, 60 mg coating weight gain. The pharmacokinetic study showed that T max was prolonged by the contrast of commercial common tablets with constant drug release rate, but the bioavailability was equivalent. And a good in vivo –in vitro correlation of the actarit osmotic pump tablets was also established. The designed actarit osmotic pump tablets can be applied for rheumatoid arthritis, proposing a promising replacement for the marked common products.展开更多
Ultrafast charge/discharge process and ultrahigh power density enable dielectrics essential components in modern electrical and electronic devices, especially in pulse power systems. However, in recent years, the ener...Ultrafast charge/discharge process and ultrahigh power density enable dielectrics essential components in modern electrical and electronic devices, especially in pulse power systems. However, in recent years, the energy storage performances of present dielectrics are increasingly unable to satisfy the growing demand for miniaturization and integration, which stimulates further researches on dielectrics with higher energy density and efficiency.Among various inorganic dielectrics, perovskite relaxor ferroelectrics are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage applications, with high permittivity and relatively high efficiency. Here, we focus on recent progress and achievements on optimizing perovskite relaxor ferroelectrics toward better energy storage capability through hierarchical design. The principles and key parameters of dielectric energy storage, together with the definition of majority types of dielectrics, are introduced at first. Strategies within various scales include domain, grain size, orientation, and composite engineering are summarized. The existing challenges are presented and future prospects are proposed in the end, with the background of both academic explorations and industrial applications.展开更多
在发展智能电网的大背景下,汽车到电网(vehicle to grid,V2G)技术备受关注。电动汽车可以通过V2G充放电系统进行充放电。充放电过程中,汽车与充放电站系统需要通信协议进行实时数据交互。以CAN(controller area network)2.0B为标准,对CA...在发展智能电网的大背景下,汽车到电网(vehicle to grid,V2G)技术备受关注。电动汽车可以通过V2G充放电系统进行充放电。充放电过程中,汽车与充放电站系统需要通信协议进行实时数据交互。以CAN(controller area network)2.0B为标准,对CAN总线应用层进行开发,制定出符合我国国情的V2G充放电通信协议。通过实验测试,提出的通信协议能够保证电动汽车充放电过程中信息可靠交互。展开更多
One influenza H3N2 virus, A/swine/Shandong/3/2005 (Sw/SD/3/2005), was isolated from pigs with respiratory disease on a farm in eastern China. Genetic analysis revealed that Sw/SD/3/2005 was a triple-reassortant virus ...One influenza H3N2 virus, A/swine/Shandong/3/2005 (Sw/SD/3/2005), was isolated from pigs with respiratory disease on a farm in eastern China. Genetic analysis revealed that Sw/SD/3/2005 was a triple-reassortant virus with a PB2 gene from human-like H1N1, NS from classical swine H1N1, and the remaining genes from human-like H3N2 virus. These findings further support the concept that swine can serve as reservoir or mixing vessels of influenza virus strains and maintain genetic and antigenic stability of viruses. Furthermore, we have successfully established a reverse genetics system based on eight plasmids and rescued Sw/SD/3/2005 through cell transfection. HI tests and RT-PCR confirmed that the rescued virus maintained the biological properties of the wild type Sw/SD/3/2005. The successful establishment of the reverse genetics system of Sw/SD/3/2005 will enable us to conduct extensive studies of the molecular evolution of H3N2 influenza viruses in swine.展开更多
文摘目的 本研究旨在基于术前多参数MRI的深度迁移学习(deep transfer learning,DTL)特征建立模型,以预测子宫内膜癌(endometrial carcinoma,EC)患者淋巴脉管间隙浸润(lymphovascular space invasion,LVSI)状态。材料与方法 回顾性收集2016年2月至2023年7月本院187例经手术病理确诊的EC患者的临床信息及术前MRI图像。并按7∶3比例随机分为训练集(131例)和测试集(56例)。在轴位T2加权成像、扩散加权成像、表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)图及对比增强T1加权图像上手动勾画病灶感兴趣区。采用ResNet50、ResNet101及DenseNet121网络建立12种DTL模型,接着,采用平均值、最大值及最小值三种决策级融合方法建立融合模型,并从中选取最佳模型作为最终的DTL模型。通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析筛选出临床特征后建立临床模型,并使用logistic回归联合DTL和临床特征建立DTL-临床联合模型。采用受试者工作特征曲线评估模型诊断EC患者LVSI的效能,通过DeLong检验比较曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC),校准曲线分析模型的拟合优度,决策曲线分析(decision curve analysis,DCA)探讨模型的临床适用性。结果 测试集中,基于ADC图像建立的ResNet101模型在诊断EC患者LVSI时表现出最高的AUC值,为0.850 [95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI):0.736~0.963]。。采用平均值融合方法建立的融合模型,在测试集中AUC值最高,达到了0.932(95%CI:0.868~0.996),为最佳DTL模型。logistic回归分析表明年龄是EC患者LVSI的独立危险因素。DTL-临床联合模型在测试集中AUC为0.934(95%CI:0.871~0.997),诊断效能优于临床模型[AUC为0.554 (95%CI:0.436~0.671),P<0.001],与DTL模型比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.909)。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示联合模型在训练集和测试集中均具有较好的拟合效果(P=0.814及0.402),DCA显示临床净获益更大。结论 基于术前多参数MRI建立的DTL模型,以及将DTL特征与临床特征相结合建立的联合模型,能有效预测EC患者LVSI状态,诊断效能优于临床模型。DTL在小样本EC的MRI数据中表现优异,为LVSI术前预测提供重要临床辅助工具。
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82405429)The Medical and Health Science and Technology Program of Hangzhou(ZD20250272)+1 种基金Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province(2024-XK-57)The Construction Fund of Key Medical Discipline of Hangzhou(2025HZZD16).
文摘Sarcopenia,a progressive and systemic skeletal muscle disorder marked by the accelerated deterioration of both muscle function and mass,is highly prevalent among the elderly population,significantly contributing to an elevated risk of adverse outcomes,including falls,fractures,and muscle weakness.Clinical investigations have identified a strong correlation between sarcopenia and several prevalent degenerative skeletal muscle disorders.This correlation is attributed to imbalances in joint mechanics resulting from localized muscle atrophy and the influence of musculoskeletal secretory factors.In this review,we discuss the broader implications of sarcopenia and critically evaluate the currently established assessment methods.Furthermore,the clinical significance of prevalent musculoskeletal disorders(including osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and spinal pathologies)in relation to sarcopenia,alongside the underlying mechanisms influencing this relationship,is summarized.Additionally,the effects of sarcopenia on the therapeutic efficacy of medications and surgical interventions for musculoskeletal conditions are reviewed.Sarcopenia is intricately linked to the onset,progression,and prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders.Future research should prioritize elucidating the potential mechanisms that connect muscle loss with skeletal muscle diseases,and investigating whether mitigating sarcopenia symptoms could decelerate the progression of these disorders,thereby paving new pathways for therapeutic interventions.
基金supported by the following funds:The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275393,51935014,and 82072084)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20224ACB204013)+2 种基金The Project of State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performancethe National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4605800)the Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University(No.1053320221707).
文摘Fast electron-hole recombination issues during titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))photocatalysis limit its application in preventing bacterial infection during bone defect repair.In this study,TiO_(2)@reduced graphene oxide(rGO)composites were synthesized using a hydrothermal method in which rGO,which possesses very high electrical conductivity,promotes the separation of photoelectron-hole pairs of TiO_(2),thus improving the efficiency of photocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Subsequently,TiO_(2)@rGO composites were introduced into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)to prepare bone scaffolds with photocatalytic antibacterial function via selective laser sintering.The results showed that TiO_(2)grew on the surface of rGO and formed a covalent bond connection(Ti-O-C)with rGO.A decreased electrochemical impedance of TiO_(2)@rGO composites was observed,and the transient photocurrent intensity increased from 0.05 to 0.5μA/cm^(2).Analysis of electron spin resonance found that the photocatalytic products of TiO_(2)were·OH and·O^(2-),two kinds of ROS capable of killing bacteria via disrupting the structure of the bacterial membrane in vitro.Antibacterial experiments showed that the PLLA/TiO_(2)@rGO scaffolds had good antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Finally,we report that these scaffolds exhibited both enhanced mechanical properties due to the addition of TiO_(2)@rGO as a reinforcement material and good biocompatibility during cell proliferation.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of ChinaunderGrant,(2021YFB2601403).
文摘Conventional coordinated control strategies for DC bus voltage signal(DBS)in islanded DC microgrids(IDCMGs)struggle with coordinating multiple distributed generators(DGs)and cannot effectively incorporate state of charge(SOC)information of the energy storage system,thereby reducing the system flexibility.In this study,we propose an adaptive coordinated control strategy that employs a two-layer fuzzy neural network controller(FNNC)to adapt to varying operating conditions in an IDCMG with multiple PV and battery energy storage system(BESS)units.The first-layer FNNC generates optimal operating mode commands for each DG,thereby avoiding the requirement for complex operating modes based on SOC segmentation.An optimal switching sequence logic prioritizes the most appropriate units during mode transitions.The second-layer FNNC dynamically adjusts the droop power to overcome power distribution challenges among DG groups.This helps in preventing the PV power from exceeding the limits and mitigating the risk of BESS overcharging or over-discharging.The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy enhances the coordinated operation of multi-DG IDCMGs,thereby ensuring the efficient and safe utilization of PV and BESS.
文摘AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） after esophagectomy. MEHTODS： Three hundred and fifty-eight patients were divided into POPC group and COPD group. We performed a retrospective review of the 358 consecutive patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with or without COPD to assess the possible influence of COPD on postoperative pulmonary complications. We classified COPD into four grades according to percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV1） and analyzed the incidence rate of complications among the four grades. Perioperative arterial blood gases were tested in patients with or without pulmonary complications in COPD group and compared with POP（： group. RESULTS： Patients with COPD （29/86, 33.7%）had more pulmonary complications than those without COPD （36/272, 13.2%） （P〈0.001）. Pneumonia （15/29, 51.7%）, atelectasis （13/29, 44.8%）, prolonged 02 supplement （10/29, 34.5%）, and prolonged mechanical ventilation （8/29, 27.6%） were the major complications in COPD group. Moreover, patients with severe COPD （grade Ⅱ B, FEV1 〈 50% of predicted） had more POPCs than those with moderate（gradeⅡA,50%-80% of predicted） and mild （grade Ⅰ≥80% of predicted） COPD （P〈0.05）. PaO2 was decreased and PaCO2 was increased in patients with pulmonary complications in COPD group in the first postoperative week.CONCLUSION： The criteria of COPD are the critical predictor for pulmonary complications in esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy. Severity of COPD affects the incidence rate of the pulmonary complication,and percent-predicted FEV1 is a good predictive variable for pulmonary complication in patients-with COPD.Arterial blood gases are helpful in directing perioperative management.
文摘The aim of the study was to develop actarit double-layered osmotic pump tablets to overcome the weak points of actarit common tablets, such as short half-life and large plasma concentration fluctuations. Single factor experiment and orthogonal test were applied to optimize the formulation;the pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs adopting actarit common tablets as reference tablets. The optimal formulation was as follows: drug layer: 150 mg actarit, 240 mg PEO-N80, 50 mg NaCl;push layer: 140 mg PEO-WSR303, 20 mg NaCl;coating solution: 30 g cellulose acetate and 6 g PEG 4000 in 1000 ml 94% acetone solution, 60 mg coating weight gain. The pharmacokinetic study showed that T max was prolonged by the contrast of commercial common tablets with constant drug release rate, but the bioavailability was equivalent. And a good in vivo –in vitro correlation of the actarit osmotic pump tablets was also established. The designed actarit osmotic pump tablets can be applied for rheumatoid arthritis, proposing a promising replacement for the marked common products.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51788104)。
文摘Ultrafast charge/discharge process and ultrahigh power density enable dielectrics essential components in modern electrical and electronic devices, especially in pulse power systems. However, in recent years, the energy storage performances of present dielectrics are increasingly unable to satisfy the growing demand for miniaturization and integration, which stimulates further researches on dielectrics with higher energy density and efficiency.Among various inorganic dielectrics, perovskite relaxor ferroelectrics are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage applications, with high permittivity and relatively high efficiency. Here, we focus on recent progress and achievements on optimizing perovskite relaxor ferroelectrics toward better energy storage capability through hierarchical design. The principles and key parameters of dielectric energy storage, together with the definition of majority types of dielectrics, are introduced at first. Strategies within various scales include domain, grain size, orientation, and composite engineering are summarized. The existing challenges are presented and future prospects are proposed in the end, with the background of both academic explorations and industrial applications.
文摘在发展智能电网的大背景下,汽车到电网(vehicle to grid,V2G)技术备受关注。电动汽车可以通过V2G充放电系统进行充放电。充放电过程中,汽车与充放电站系统需要通信协议进行实时数据交互。以CAN(controller area network)2.0B为标准,对CAN总线应用层进行开发,制定出符合我国国情的V2G充放电通信协议。通过实验测试,提出的通信协议能够保证电动汽车充放电过程中信息可靠交互。
文摘One influenza H3N2 virus, A/swine/Shandong/3/2005 (Sw/SD/3/2005), was isolated from pigs with respiratory disease on a farm in eastern China. Genetic analysis revealed that Sw/SD/3/2005 was a triple-reassortant virus with a PB2 gene from human-like H1N1, NS from classical swine H1N1, and the remaining genes from human-like H3N2 virus. These findings further support the concept that swine can serve as reservoir or mixing vessels of influenza virus strains and maintain genetic and antigenic stability of viruses. Furthermore, we have successfully established a reverse genetics system based on eight plasmids and rescued Sw/SD/3/2005 through cell transfection. HI tests and RT-PCR confirmed that the rescued virus maintained the biological properties of the wild type Sw/SD/3/2005. The successful establishment of the reverse genetics system of Sw/SD/3/2005 will enable us to conduct extensive studies of the molecular evolution of H3N2 influenza viruses in swine.
