Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determine...Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.展开更多
Band gap-tunable alkali metal modified graphitic carbon nitride was prepared by a molten salt method. X-ray diffraction, N2 isothermal sorption, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray ph...Band gap-tunable alkali metal modified graphitic carbon nitride was prepared by a molten salt method. X-ray diffraction, N2 isothermal sorption, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence were used to characterize the obtained cat-alysts. The photocatalytic H202 production ability of as-prepared catalyst was investigated. The results indicate that K＋ and Na＊ are doped into g-CBN4 lattice simultaneously by the molten salt method. Alkali metal modification not only promotes the specific surface area, visible light absorption and separation of electron-hole pairs, but tunes the conduction band and valence band edge positions of as-prepared catalysts by controlling the weight ratio of eutectic salts to melamine. The tunable band edge positions result in the photocatalytic H202 production from ＂single channel pathway＂ to ＂two channel pathway＂, leading to the promoted H202 production ability.展开更多
Solar radio spectra and their temporal evolution provide important clues to understand the energy release and electron acceleration process in the corona,and are commonly used to diagnose critical parameters such as t...Solar radio spectra and their temporal evolution provide important clues to understand the energy release and electron acceleration process in the corona,and are commonly used to diagnose critical parameters such as the magnetic field strength.However,previous solar radio telescopes cannot provide high-quality data with complete frequency coverage.Aiming to develop a generalized solar radio observing system,in this study,we designed a digital receiving system that could capture solar radio bursts with a broad bandwidth and a large dynamic range.A dual-channel analog-to-digital converter(ADC)printed circuit board assembly(PCBA)with a sampling rate of 14-bit,1.25 Giga samples per second(GSPS)cooperates with the field-programmable-gate-array(FPGA)chip XC7K410T in the design.This receiver could realize the real-time acquisition and preprocessing of high-speed data of up to 5 GB s^(-1),which ensures high time and spectral resolutions in observations.This receiver has been used in the solar radio spectrometer working in the frequency range of 35 to 40 GHz in Chashan Solar Observatory(CSO)established by Shandong University,and will be further developed and used in the solar radio interferometers.The full-power bandwidth of the PCBA in this receiving system could reach up to 1.5 GHz,and the performance parameters(DC–1.5 GHz)are obtained as follows:spur free dynamic range(SFDR)of 64.7–78.4 dB,signal-to-noise and distortion(SINAD)of 49.1–57.2 dB,and effective number of bits(ENOB)of>7.86 bit.Based on the receiver that we designed,real-time solar microwave dynamic spectra have been acquired and more solar microwave bursts with fine spectral structures are hopeful to be detected in the coming solar maximum.展开更多
A new digital receiver with excellent performances has been designed and developed for solar radio observation,which can receive the radio signal from direct current(DC)to 9 GHz in the direct acquisition way.On the di...A new digital receiver with excellent performances has been designed and developed for solar radio observation,which can receive the radio signal from direct current(DC)to 9 GHz in the direct acquisition way.On the digital receiver,the analog-to-digital converter(ADC)with 14-bit,two input channels and 3 Giga Samples per second(Gsps)are used to acquire observed signal,and the field-programmable-gate-array chip XCKU115 acts as the processing module.The new digital receiver can be used to directly sample the solar radio signals of frequency under 9 GHz.When receiving the solar radio signal above 9 GHz,the new digital receiver can save 1–2 stages of frequency down-conversion,and effectively improve many indexes of the solar radio observation system,i.e.,the time resolution,analog front-end circuit,weight and volume of the analog circuit system.Compared with the digital receiver with sampling rate below 1 Gsps used in existing solar radio telescope,the new digital receiver reduces the frequency switching times of large bandwidth,which is beneficial to improving the frequency and time resolutions.The ADC sampling resolution of 14 bits,providing a large dynamic range,is very beneficial to observing smaller solar eruptions.This receiver,which would be used in the solar radio observation system,well meets the latest requirements with the resolutions of time(≤1 ms)and frequency(≤0.5 MHz)for fine observation of radio signals.展开更多
The radioheliograph is an extensive array of antennas operating on the principle of aperture synthesis to produce images of the Sun.The image acquired by the telescope results from convoluting the Sun’s true brightne...The radioheliograph is an extensive array of antennas operating on the principle of aperture synthesis to produce images of the Sun.The image acquired by the telescope results from convoluting the Sun’s true brightness distribution with the antenna array’s directional pattern.The imaging quality of the radioheliograph is affected by a multitude of factors,with the performance of the“dirty beam”being simply one component.Other factors such as imaging methods,calibration techniques,clean algorithms,and more also play a significant influence on the resulting image quality.As the layout of the antenna array directly affects the performance of the dirty beam,the design of an appropriate antenna configuration is critical to improving the imaging quality of the radioheliograph.Based on the actual needs of observing the Sun,this work optimized the antenna array design and proposed a twodimensional low-redundancy array.The proposed array was compared with common T-shaped arrays,Y-shaped arrays,uniformly spaced circular arrays,and three-arm spiral arrays.Through simulations and experiments,their performance in terms of sampling point numbers,UV coverage area,beam-half width,sidelobe level,and performance in the absence of antennas are compared and analyzed.It was found that each of these arrays has its advantages,but the two-dimensional low-redundancy array proposed in this paper performs best in overall evaluation.It has the shortest imaging calculation time among the array types and is highly robust when antennas are missing,making it the most suitable choice.展开更多
The extremely low frequency(f<40 MHz)is a very important frequency band for modern radio astronomy observations.It is also a key frequency band for solar radio bursts,planetary radio bursts,fast radio bursts detect...The extremely low frequency(f<40 MHz)is a very important frequency band for modern radio astronomy observations.It is also a key frequency band for solar radio bursts,planetary radio bursts,fast radio bursts detected in the lunar space electromagnetic environment,and the Earth’s middle and upper atmosphere with low dispersion values.In this frequency band,the solar stellar activity,the early state of the universe,and the radiation characteristics of the planetary magnetosphere and plasma layer can be explored.Since there are few observations with effective spatial resolution in the extremely low frequency,it is highly possible to discover unknown astronomical phenomena on such a band in the future.In conjunction with low frequency radio observation on the far side of the Moon,we initially set up a novel low-frequency radio array in the Qitai station of Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory deep in Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang,China on 2021 August 23.The array covers an operating frequency range of 1~90 MHz with a sensitivity of-78 dBm/125kHz,a dynamic range of 72 dB,and a typical gain value of 6 dBi,which can realize unattended all-weather observations.The two antennas due south of the Qitai Low-Frequency Radio Array were put into trial observations on 2021 May 28,and the very quiet electromagnetic environment of the station has been confirmed.So far,many solar radio bursts and other foreign signals have been detected.The results show that this novel low frequency radio array has the advantages of good performance,strong direction,and high antenna efficiency.It can play a unique role in Solar Cycle 25,and has a potential value in prospective collaborative observation between the Earth and space for extremely low frequency radio astronomy.展开更多
Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic signals regulate mitochondrial homeostasis,with mitochondria-derived vesicles(MDVs)serving as a critical link between metabolites and mitochondrial quality control.In a recent...Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic signals regulate mitochondrial homeostasis,with mitochondria-derived vesicles(MDVs)serving as a critical link between metabolites and mitochondrial quality control.In a recent study,Tang et al.uncovered a novel mechanism in which metabolites modulate mitochondrial homeostasis throughβ-hydroxybutyrylation of sorting nexin 9(SNX9),thereby promoting MDV biogenesis[1].展开更多
Autophagy is a highly conserved process in which cytosolic contents are degraded by the lysosome,which plays an important role in energy and nutrient balance,and protein or organelle quality control.The liver is the m...Autophagy is a highly conserved process in which cytosolic contents are degraded by the lysosome,which plays an important role in energy and nutrient balance,and protein or organelle quality control.The liver is the most important organ for metabolism.Studies to date have revealed a significant role of autophagy in the maintenance of liver homeostasis under basal and stressed conditions,and the impairment of autophagy has been closely linked to various liver diseases.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the roles of autophagy in liver diseases may help in the development of therapeutic strategies via targeting autophagy.In this review,we will summarize the latest understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and systematically discuss its implications in various liver diseases,including alcohol-related liver disease,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,viral hepatitis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and acetaminophen-induced liver injury.展开更多
Discrete-element-method （DEM） simulations have been performed to investigate the cross-sectional flow of non-spherical particles in horizontal rotating cylinders with and without wall rougheners. The non-spherical p...Discrete-element-method （DEM） simulations have been performed to investigate the cross-sectional flow of non-spherical particles in horizontal rotating cylinders with and without wall rougheners. The non-spherical particles were modeled using the three-dimensional super-quadric equation. The influence of wall rougheners on flow behavior of grains was studied for increasing particle blockiness. Moreover, for approximately cubic particles （squareness parameters [555]）, the rotational speed, gravitational acceleration and particle size were altered to investigate the effect of wall rougheners under a range of operating conditions. For spherical and near-spherical particles （approximately up to the squareness parameters [344]）, wall rougheners are necessary to prevent slippage of the bed against the cylinder wall. For highly cubic particle geometries （squareness parameters larger than [3441）, wall rougheners resulted in a counter-intuitive decrease in the angle of repose of the bed. In addition, wall rougheners employed in this study were demonstrated to have a higher impact on bed dynamics at higher rotational speeds and lower gravitational accelerations. Nevertheless, using wall rougheners had a comparatively small influence on particle-flow characteristics for a bed composed of finer grains.展开更多
Carbonate gas reservoirs generally contain water,leading to uneven water invasion,explosive water flooding and other prominent phenomena,which is an important factor restricting the efficient development of gas reserv...Carbonate gas reservoirs generally contain water,leading to uneven water invasion,explosive water flooding and other prominent phenomena,which is an important factor restricting the efficient development of gas reservoirs.The study of gas-water two-phase flow behavior in carbonate gas reservoirs is of great significance for understanding the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas and improving the recovery of gas reservoirs.In this study,microscopic visualization physical models of fractured-vuggy and fractured-porous types were established based on CT images.And then gas-water two-phase flow experiments were conducted using the models,visually presenting the characteristics of gas-water two-phase flow and the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas in such reservoirs.On the basis of experiments,numerical simulation of gas-water two-phase flow at pore scale under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions was conducted using the VOF method,and the effect of capillary number on gas-water two-phase flow was quantitatively evaluated.The experiment results indicate the types of residual water and trapped gas formed in the fractured-vuggy and fractured-porous reservoirs.Compared with fractured-vuggy reservoir,the type of residual water in fractured-porous reservoir doesn't include water masses in the vugs,but includes network shaped residual water,and the type of trapped gas also includes network shaped trapped gas.The numerical simulation results indicate the residual water in the fractured-porous reservoir decreases with the increase of capillary number during gas flooding process,while the distribution of residual water in the fractured-vuggy reservoir is influenced by the combination of fractures and vugs.The distribution of trapped gas in different types of reservoirs shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of capillary number during water flooding process.The results in this study can provide theoretical support for revealing the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas in carbonate gas reservoirs and improve gas recovery.展开更多
CLN3 is a lysosomal transmembrane protein and loss of CLN3 is known to cause a juvenile lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder(LSD),called Batten disease.In a recent study published in Nature,Laqtom et al...CLN3 is a lysosomal transmembrane protein and loss of CLN3 is known to cause a juvenile lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder(LSD),called Batten disease.In a recent study published in Nature,Laqtom et al.reported a novel function of CLN3 in the clearance of glycerophospholipid from lysosomes via lysosomal efflux of glycerophosphodiesters(GPDs),not only establishing a deeper mechanistic understanding of Batten disease,but also suggesting both the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of CLN3-GPDs in this type of neurodegenerative LSD.展开更多
基金the Major Projects of National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology of China(No.2013ZX07312001-01)the Projects of Wenzhou Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of China(No.C20120007)
文摘Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.
基金supported financially by the Fund of Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.L2014145)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.201602467)
文摘Band gap-tunable alkali metal modified graphitic carbon nitride was prepared by a molten salt method. X-ray diffraction, N2 isothermal sorption, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence were used to characterize the obtained cat-alysts. The photocatalytic H202 production ability of as-prepared catalyst was investigated. The results indicate that K＋ and Na＊ are doped into g-CBN4 lattice simultaneously by the molten salt method. Alkali metal modification not only promotes the specific surface area, visible light absorption and separation of electron-hole pairs, but tunes the conduction band and valence band edge positions of as-prepared catalysts by controlling the weight ratio of eutectic salts to melamine. The tunable band edge positions result in the photocatalytic H202 production from ＂single channel pathway＂ to ＂two channel pathway＂, leading to the promoted H202 production ability.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China 11703017,11790303(11790300),11803017,41774180,41904158,11973031the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M652385)+2 种基金Open Research Program CAS Key Laboratory of Solar ActivityNational Astronomical Observatories(KLSA201907)Young Scholars Program of Shandong University,Weihai(20820201005)。
文摘Solar radio spectra and their temporal evolution provide important clues to understand the energy release and electron acceleration process in the corona,and are commonly used to diagnose critical parameters such as the magnetic field strength.However,previous solar radio telescopes cannot provide high-quality data with complete frequency coverage.Aiming to develop a generalized solar radio observing system,in this study,we designed a digital receiving system that could capture solar radio bursts with a broad bandwidth and a large dynamic range.A dual-channel analog-to-digital converter(ADC)printed circuit board assembly(PCBA)with a sampling rate of 14-bit,1.25 Giga samples per second(GSPS)cooperates with the field-programmable-gate-array(FPGA)chip XC7K410T in the design.This receiver could realize the real-time acquisition and preprocessing of high-speed data of up to 5 GB s^(-1),which ensures high time and spectral resolutions in observations.This receiver has been used in the solar radio spectrometer working in the frequency range of 35 to 40 GHz in Chashan Solar Observatory(CSO)established by Shandong University,and will be further developed and used in the solar radio interferometers.The full-power bandwidth of the PCBA in this receiving system could reach up to 1.5 GHz,and the performance parameters(DC–1.5 GHz)are obtained as follows:spur free dynamic range(SFDR)of 64.7–78.4 dB,signal-to-noise and distortion(SINAD)of 49.1–57.2 dB,and effective number of bits(ENOB)of>7.86 bit.Based on the receiver that we designed,real-time solar microwave dynamic spectra have been acquired and more solar microwave bursts with fine spectral structures are hopeful to be detected in the coming solar maximum.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.42127804,41774180 and 41904158)Shandong postdoctoral innovation project(202002004)Young Scholars Program of Shandong University,Weihai(208220201005)。
文摘A new digital receiver with excellent performances has been designed and developed for solar radio observation,which can receive the radio signal from direct current(DC)to 9 GHz in the direct acquisition way.On the digital receiver,the analog-to-digital converter(ADC)with 14-bit,two input channels and 3 Giga Samples per second(Gsps)are used to acquire observed signal,and the field-programmable-gate-array chip XCKU115 acts as the processing module.The new digital receiver can be used to directly sample the solar radio signals of frequency under 9 GHz.When receiving the solar radio signal above 9 GHz,the new digital receiver can save 1–2 stages of frequency down-conversion,and effectively improve many indexes of the solar radio observation system,i.e.,the time resolution,analog front-end circuit,weight and volume of the analog circuit system.Compared with the digital receiver with sampling rate below 1 Gsps used in existing solar radio telescope,the new digital receiver reduces the frequency switching times of large bandwidth,which is beneficial to improving the frequency and time resolutions.The ADC sampling resolution of 14 bits,providing a large dynamic range,is very beneficial to observing smaller solar eruptions.This receiver,which would be used in the solar radio observation system,well meets the latest requirements with the resolutions of time(≤1 ms)and frequency(≤0.5 MHz)for fine observation of radio signals.
基金supported by the grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42127804,42374219)。
文摘The radioheliograph is an extensive array of antennas operating on the principle of aperture synthesis to produce images of the Sun.The image acquired by the telescope results from convoluting the Sun’s true brightness distribution with the antenna array’s directional pattern.The imaging quality of the radioheliograph is affected by a multitude of factors,with the performance of the“dirty beam”being simply one component.Other factors such as imaging methods,calibration techniques,clean algorithms,and more also play a significant influence on the resulting image quality.As the layout of the antenna array directly affects the performance of the dirty beam,the design of an appropriate antenna configuration is critical to improving the imaging quality of the radioheliograph.Based on the actual needs of observing the Sun,this work optimized the antenna array design and proposed a twodimensional low-redundancy array.The proposed array was compared with common T-shaped arrays,Y-shaped arrays,uniformly spaced circular arrays,and three-arm spiral arrays.Through simulations and experiments,their performance in terms of sampling point numbers,UV coverage area,beam-half width,sidelobe level,and performance in the absence of antennas are compared and analyzed.It was found that each of these arrays has its advantages,but the two-dimensional low-redundancy array proposed in this paper performs best in overall evaluation.It has the shortest imaging calculation time among the array types and is highly robust when antennas are missing,making it the most suitable choice.
基金supported by“SKA(No.2020SKA0110300)”“Yunnan Key Laboratory of the Solar Physics and Space Science(No.YNSPCC202220),”+3 种基金“The open project of the Key Laboratory in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(No.2023D04058)”the“National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11941003)”“The Chinese Academy of Sciences Foundation of the young scholars of western(No.2020-XBQNXZ-019)”“The 2018 Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China for Heaven Lake Hundred-Talent Program”。
文摘The extremely low frequency(f<40 MHz)is a very important frequency band for modern radio astronomy observations.It is also a key frequency band for solar radio bursts,planetary radio bursts,fast radio bursts detected in the lunar space electromagnetic environment,and the Earth’s middle and upper atmosphere with low dispersion values.In this frequency band,the solar stellar activity,the early state of the universe,and the radiation characteristics of the planetary magnetosphere and plasma layer can be explored.Since there are few observations with effective spatial resolution in the extremely low frequency,it is highly possible to discover unknown astronomical phenomena on such a band in the future.In conjunction with low frequency radio observation on the far side of the Moon,we initially set up a novel low-frequency radio array in the Qitai station of Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory deep in Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang,China on 2021 August 23.The array covers an operating frequency range of 1~90 MHz with a sensitivity of-78 dBm/125kHz,a dynamic range of 72 dB,and a typical gain value of 6 dBi,which can realize unattended all-weather observations.The two antennas due south of the Qitai Low-Frequency Radio Array were put into trial observations on 2021 May 28,and the very quiet electromagnetic environment of the station has been confirmed.So far,many solar radio bursts and other foreign signals have been detected.The results show that this novel low frequency radio array has the advantages of good performance,strong direction,and high antenna efficiency.It can play a unique role in Solar Cycle 25,and has a potential value in prospective collaborative observation between the Earth and space for extremely low frequency radio astronomy.
基金supported by research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32470795)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515010506 and 2022A1515111047)+4 种基金the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A04J1951)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesSun Yat-sen University(24pnpy249)supported by the following research grants from University of Macao(CPG2025-0031-FHS and UM-MYRG2020-00022-FHS)the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT0078/2020/A2,FDCT0031/2021/A1,FDCT0081/2022/AMJ,and FDCT 0004/2021/AKP)。
文摘Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic signals regulate mitochondrial homeostasis,with mitochondria-derived vesicles(MDVs)serving as a critical link between metabolites and mitochondrial quality control.In a recent study,Tang et al.uncovered a novel mechanism in which metabolites modulate mitochondrial homeostasis throughβ-hydroxybutyrylation of sorting nexin 9(SNX9),thereby promoting MDV biogenesis[1].
基金supported by research grants from Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2023A04J1951)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022A1515111047)funded by research grant from Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2021A1515010999).
文摘Autophagy is a highly conserved process in which cytosolic contents are degraded by the lysosome,which plays an important role in energy and nutrient balance,and protein or organelle quality control.The liver is the most important organ for metabolism.Studies to date have revealed a significant role of autophagy in the maintenance of liver homeostasis under basal and stressed conditions,and the impairment of autophagy has been closely linked to various liver diseases.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the roles of autophagy in liver diseases may help in the development of therapeutic strategies via targeting autophagy.In this review,we will summarize the latest understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and systematically discuss its implications in various liver diseases,including alcohol-related liver disease,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,viral hepatitis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
基金the Swiss National Science Foundation(Grant 200021 132657/1)the China Scholarship Council(Guang Lu) for partial financial support of this work
文摘Discrete-element-method （DEM） simulations have been performed to investigate the cross-sectional flow of non-spherical particles in horizontal rotating cylinders with and without wall rougheners. The non-spherical particles were modeled using the three-dimensional super-quadric equation. The influence of wall rougheners on flow behavior of grains was studied for increasing particle blockiness. Moreover, for approximately cubic particles （squareness parameters [555]）, the rotational speed, gravitational acceleration and particle size were altered to investigate the effect of wall rougheners under a range of operating conditions. For spherical and near-spherical particles （approximately up to the squareness parameters [344]）, wall rougheners are necessary to prevent slippage of the bed against the cylinder wall. For highly cubic particle geometries （squareness parameters larger than [3441）, wall rougheners resulted in a counter-intuitive decrease in the angle of repose of the bed. In addition, wall rougheners employed in this study were demonstrated to have a higher impact on bed dynamics at higher rotational speeds and lower gravitational accelerations. Nevertheless, using wall rougheners had a comparatively small influence on particle-flow characteristics for a bed composed of finer grains.
基金support from the Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance(No.2020CX010403)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC0190,2022NSFSC0186)。
文摘Carbonate gas reservoirs generally contain water,leading to uneven water invasion,explosive water flooding and other prominent phenomena,which is an important factor restricting the efficient development of gas reservoirs.The study of gas-water two-phase flow behavior in carbonate gas reservoirs is of great significance for understanding the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas and improving the recovery of gas reservoirs.In this study,microscopic visualization physical models of fractured-vuggy and fractured-porous types were established based on CT images.And then gas-water two-phase flow experiments were conducted using the models,visually presenting the characteristics of gas-water two-phase flow and the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas in such reservoirs.On the basis of experiments,numerical simulation of gas-water two-phase flow at pore scale under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions was conducted using the VOF method,and the effect of capillary number on gas-water two-phase flow was quantitatively evaluated.The experiment results indicate the types of residual water and trapped gas formed in the fractured-vuggy and fractured-porous reservoirs.Compared with fractured-vuggy reservoir,the type of residual water in fractured-porous reservoir doesn't include water masses in the vugs,but includes network shaped residual water,and the type of trapped gas also includes network shaped trapped gas.The numerical simulation results indicate the residual water in the fractured-porous reservoir decreases with the increase of capillary number during gas flooding process,while the distribution of residual water in the fractured-vuggy reservoir is influenced by the combination of fractures and vugs.The distribution of trapped gas in different types of reservoirs shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of capillary number during water flooding process.The results in this study can provide theoretical support for revealing the formation mechanism of residual water and trapped gas in carbonate gas reservoirs and improve gas recovery.
文摘CLN3 is a lysosomal transmembrane protein and loss of CLN3 is known to cause a juvenile lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder(LSD),called Batten disease.In a recent study published in Nature,Laqtom et al.reported a novel function of CLN3 in the clearance of glycerophospholipid from lysosomes via lysosomal efflux of glycerophosphodiesters(GPDs),not only establishing a deeper mechanistic understanding of Batten disease,but also suggesting both the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of CLN3-GPDs in this type of neurodegenerative LSD.
