Columnar jointed rock mass(CJRM)combines and mosaic of slender rock columns with different height-to-width(H/W)ratios.Revealing the correlation of the mechanical behavior of individual rock columns with internal facto...Columnar jointed rock mass(CJRM)combines and mosaic of slender rock columns with different height-to-width(H/W)ratios.Revealing the correlation of the mechanical behavior of individual rock columns with internal factors(H/W ratio and material strength)and external factor(lateral pressure)is fundamental to understanding the deterioration of CJRM.We adopt a numerical scheme that combines a statistical meso-damage constitutive model with a finite element formulation based on finite deformation,which can simultaneously consider both material failure and structural instability of the rock columns.Compression tests of rock columns with different H/W ratios and material strengths under varying lateral pressures were conducted to analyze the macro-strength features and failure modes.The numerical results show that increasing the material strength can improve the macro-strength,while the effect of H/W ratio is the opposite.Both increases can promote the conversion of failure modes,and the evolution process is as follows:material failure-induced structural instability→synergy and competition between material failure and structural instability→structural instability-induced material failure.Notably,for the last failure mode,an increase in lateral pressure decreases the macro-strength of the rock column and heightens its instability risk.This finding provides new insights into the response of rocks with different H/W ratios under lateral pressure,extending beyond traditional material-based perspectives.According to the position of the failure mode demarcation line,the failure mode of the rock column can be regulated.展开更多
Walnut(Juglans regia L.)is a good source of lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).In order to explore the biosynthesis molecular mechanism of oil accumulation and fatty acid(FA)synthesis in walnut,the samples ...Walnut(Juglans regia L.)is a good source of lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).In order to explore the biosynthesis molecular mechanism of oil accumulation and fatty acid(FA)synthesis in walnut,the samples at different development periods of three walnut cultivars,’Zhipi’(ZP),’Xinwu 417’(W417)and’Xinwen 81’(W81)were collected for transcriptomic analysis.The analysis of oil accumulation and FA profiles showed that the oil content in mature walnut kernel was nearly 70%,and over 90%of FAs were PUFAs.We identified 126 candidate genes including 64 genes for FA de novo synthesis,45 genes for triacylglycerol assembly,and 17 genes for oil bodies involved in lipid biosynthesis by RNA-sequencing.Ten key enzymes including ACCase,LACS6,LACS8,SAD,FAD2,FAD3,LPAAT1,DGAT2,PDAT2,and PLC encoded by 19 genes were highly associated with lipid biosynthesis.Quantitative PCR analysis further validated 9 important genes,and the results were well consistent with our transcriptomic data.Finally,5 important transcription factors including WRI1,ABI3,FUS3,PKL and VAL1 were identified,and their main regulatory genes might contain ACCase,KASII,LACS,FAD3 and LPAAT which were determined through correlation analysis of expression levels for 27 walnut samples.These findings will provide a comprehensive understanding and valuable information on the genetic engineering and molecular breeding in walnut.展开更多
Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the pr...Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the practical application of current ZIBs is significantly restricted by irregular dendrite growth of zinc anode and the low working voltage(usually<2 V)of cathode materials.Herein,we report a high-voltage Zn-based dualion battery(DIB),which is constructed by a graphite cathode,a Zn anode,and 3 M LiPF_(6)in the ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)electrolyte.Under the corrosion interaction of Li^(+)ions,Zn^(2+)can be easily dissolved from Zn anode into the electrolyte to enable dendrite-free Zn^(2+)plating/stripping at the anode.Moreover,an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)binder is employed to generate a robust cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)layer on the graphite cathode,which renders ultrafast PF_(6)^(-)-de-/intercalation into graphite.The resultant Zn-graphite DIB operates stably at a high cut off voltage of 3.2 V,corresponding to an average output voltage of 2.2 V.After 9000cycles at 5C,the high capacity retention of 95.9% can be achieved with~100% Coulomb efficiency.Based on the mass of cathode material,our Zn-graphite battery exhibits ultrafast rate capability(60 C,a discharge time of 44 s)and high energy/power densities(208 Wh·kg^(-1)at 214 W·kg^(-1);142 Wh·kg^(-1)at 8692 W·kg^(-1)),which holds great promise for large-scale energy storage.展开更多
The separation-of-variable(SOV)methods,such as the improved SOV method,the variational SOV method,and the extended SOV method,have been proposed by the present authors and coworkers to obtain the closed-form analytica...The separation-of-variable(SOV)methods,such as the improved SOV method,the variational SOV method,and the extended SOV method,have been proposed by the present authors and coworkers to obtain the closed-form analytical solutions for free vibration and eigenbuckling of rectangular plates and circular cylindrical shells.By taking the free vibration of rectangular thin plates as an example,this work presents the theoretical framework of the SOV methods in an instructive way,and the bisection–based solution procedures for a group of nonlinear eigenvalue equations.Besides,the explicit equations of nodal lines of the SOV methods are presented,and the relations of nodal line patterns and frequency orders are investigated.It is concluded that the highly accurate SOV methods have the same accuracy for all frequencies,the mode shapes about repeated frequencies can also be precisely captured,and the SOV methods do not have the problem of missing roots as well.展开更多
Background:Retinal ganglion cell(RGC)death caused by acute ocular hypertension is an important characteristic of acute glaucoma.Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3(RIPK3)that mediates necroptosis is a potential ther...Background:Retinal ganglion cell(RGC)death caused by acute ocular hypertension is an important characteristic of acute glaucoma.Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3(RIPK3)that mediates necroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for RGC death.However,the current understanding of the targeting agents and mechanisms of RIPK3 in the treatment of glaucoma remains limited.Notably,artificial intelligence(AI)technologies have significantly advanced drug discovery.This study aimed to discover RIPK3 inhibitor with AI assistance.Methods:An acute ocular hypertension model was used to simulate pathological ocular hypertension in vivo.We employed a series of AI methods,including large language and graph neural network models,to identify the target compounds of RIPK3.Subsequently,these target candidates were validated using molecular simulations(molecular docking,absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity[ADMET]prediction,and molecular dynamics simulations)and biological experiments(Western blotting and fluorescence staining)in vitro and in vivo.Results:AI-driven drug screening techniques have the potential to greatly accelerate drug development.A compound called HG9-91-01,identified using AI methods,exerted neuroprotective effects in acute glaucoma.Our research indicates that all five candidates recommended by AI were able to protect the morphological integrity of RGC cells when exposed to hypoxia and glucose deficiency,and HG9-91-01 showed a higher cell survival rate compared to the other candidates.Furthermore,HG9-91-01 was found to protect the retinal structure and reduce the loss of retinal layers in an acute glaucoma model.It was also observed that the neuroprotective effects of HG9-91-01 were highly correlated with the inhibition of PANoptosis(apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis).Finally,we found that HG9-91-01 can regulate key proteins related to PANoptosis,indicating that this compound exerts neuroprotective effects in the retina by inhibiting the expression of proteins related to apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis.Conclusion:AI-enabled drug discovery revealed that HG9-91-01 could serve as a potential treatment for acute glaucoma.展开更多
The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and livelihoods.Using observation and reanalysi...The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and livelihoods.Using observation and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the effect of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream(EAJ)on the CEC EHEs for the summers spanning 1979–2020.Considering its general relative location to the right side of the upper-level jet stream exit region,CEC would theoretically suffer more EHEs with a stronger and northwardly-shifted EAJ in summer due to the likelihood of abnormal subsidence induced by the EAJ.However,such an EAJ–EHE connection has been unstable over the past four decades but has displayed an evident interdecadal change.Before the late 1990s,the interannual variation of the EAJ was manifested mainly by its meridional displacement in the northeastern part of East Asia;thus,the atmospheric responses were essentially located to the east of CEC,exerting less of an influence on the CEC EHEs.However,since the late 1990s,the EAJ variation has featured an intensity change in its center over the northwest portion of the CEC,which has resulted in a westward shift in atmospheric responses to cover the CEC region.Therefore,the EAJ could potentially affect the summer CEC EHEs during 2000–21.Our findings offer support for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanisms of extreme weather/climate events of this nature and thus provide a scientific reference for seasonal climate predictions.展开更多
The permeability of the sintering process can be significantly improved by the pellet sintering,but the excessive permeability will impact the heat accumulation of the sinter bed.Thus,it is very essential to clarify t...The permeability of the sintering process can be significantly improved by the pellet sintering,but the excessive permeability will impact the heat accumulation of the sinter bed.Thus,it is very essential to clarify the influence of the pellet particle size on the heat transfer process of sintering.Therefore,pilot-scale sinter pot tests of pellet sintering with manganese ore fines of different particle sizes were conducted,and traditional sintering was compared to reveal the heat transfer process of sintering and its impact on the microstructure of sintered ore.The results indicate that under suitable pellet sizes(8-12 mm),the heat transfer efficiency and the heat accumulation effect between the layers of sinter bed are strengthened by the pellet sintering,as well as the highest temperature in the combustion zone and the duration of high-temperature zone.This also leads to the further growth of ferrotephroite or hausmannite in liquid phase and its more reasonable crystal distribution.Ultimately,compared with the traditional sintering process,the total solid fuel consumption can be reduced by 20%-30%,and the productivity can be increased by 11.71%-16.21%.展开更多
Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is a rare, irreversibly blinding eye diseasewith an unknown etiology. Understanding its genomic and epigenomic landscape could aid indeveloping etiology-based therapies. In this...Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is a rare, irreversibly blinding eye diseasewith an unknown etiology. Understanding its genomic and epigenomic landscape could aid indeveloping etiology-based therapies. In this study, we recruited 99 ICE patients and performedwhole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 51 and genome-wide DNA methylation profiling on 48 ofthem. We conducted mutational burden testing on genes and noncoding regulatory regions,comparing the ICE cohort with control groups (9197 East Asians from the gnomAD databaseand 350 normal Chinese from our in-house cohort). Copy number variation (CNV) analysisand differential methylation of regions were also explored. We identified RP1L1 (27/51,53%) with a significantly higher coding-altering mutational burden in the ICE cohort (p <8.3×10^(7)), with mutations predominantly at chr8:10467637 (hg19). Additionally, 41 regionswith significant CNVs were identified, including two regions at chr19:15783859-15791329(hg19) and chr3:75786061-75790887 (hg19), showing copy number loss in 39 and 19 patients,respectively. We also identified 2,717 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), with hypomethylation prevalent in ICE syndrome (91.9% of DMRs). Among these, 45 recurrent hypomethylated regions (HMRs) in more than 10% of ICE patients showed differential methylationcompared to normal controls. This study presents the first comprehensive genomic and epigenomic characterization of ICE syndrome, offering insights into its underlying etiology.展开更多
Lead halide perovskite(LHP)nanocrystals(NCs)suffer from poor stability against environmental factors(heat,moisture,oxygen,etc.),which seriously hinders their practical application.Constructing a core-shell structure c...Lead halide perovskite(LHP)nanocrystals(NCs)suffer from poor stability against environmental factors(heat,moisture,oxygen,etc.),which seriously hinders their practical application.Constructing a core-shell structure could be an effective approach to improve the stability and optical properties of the LHP NCs.Herein,a novel strategy of water-triggered phase transformation and phospholipid(DSPE)micelle encapsulation is proposed,generating highly luminescent water-dispersed CsPbBr_(3)@CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE core-shell-shell nanocrystals.The epitaxial growth of the CsPb_(2)Br5 shell is induced by the in-situ reconstruc-tion of the CsPbBr_(3) surface by water erosion,and the lattice mismatch with the CsPbBr_(3) core is small(3.8%).The further amphipathic phospholipid encapsulation guarantees their excellent water dispersity and stability.Revealed by the femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,the dense CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE shell effectively passivates the surface of the CsPbBr_(3) core,thus improving its stability and luminescence performance.The resulting CsPbBr_(3)@CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE nanoparticles exhibit excellent performance as fluo-rescent probes for bioimaging,aqueous inks for high-resolution pattering,and light conversion layers for LEDs,demonstrating their promising potential in multiple applications.展开更多
Our previous studies have demonstrated that TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator(TIGAR)can protect neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.However,the role of TIGAR in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain da...Our previous studies have demonstrated that TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator(TIGAR)can protect neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.However,the role of TIGAR in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)remains unknown.In the present study,7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat models of HIBD were established by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery followed by 2-hour hypoxia.At 6 days before induction of HIBD,a lentiviral vector containing short hairpin RNA of either TIGAR or gasdermin D(LV-sh_TIGAR or LV-sh_GSDMD)was injected into the left lateral ventricle and striatum.Highly aggressively proliferating immortalized(HAPI)microglial cell models of in vitro HIBD were established by 2-hour oxygen/glucose deprivation followed by 24-hour reoxygenation.Three days before in vitro HIBD induction,HAPI microglial cells were transfected with LV-sh_TIGAR or LV-sh_GSDMD.Our results showed that TIGAR expression was increased in the neonatal rat cortex after HIBD and in HAPI microglial cells after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.Lentivirusmediated TIGAR knockdown in rats markedly worsened pyroptosis and brain damage after hypoxia/ischemia in vivo and in vitro.Application of exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)increased the NADPH level and the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio and decreased reactive oxygen species levels in HAPI microglial cells after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.Additionally,exogenous NADPH blocked the effects of TIGAR knockdown in neonatal HIBD in vivo and in vitro.These findings show that TIGAR can inhibit microglial pyroptosis and play a protective role in neonatal HIBD.The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Soochow University of China(approval No.2017LW003)in 2017.展开更多
Abstract： Microstructural evolution in a new kind of aluminum （A1） alloy with the chemical composition of AI-8.82Zn-2.08Mg- 0.80Cu-3.31Sc-0.3Zr was investigated. It is found that the secondary phase MgZn2 is comple...Abstract： Microstructural evolution in a new kind of aluminum （A1） alloy with the chemical composition of AI-8.82Zn-2.08Mg- 0.80Cu-3.31Sc-0.3Zr was investigated. It is found that the secondary phase MgZn2 is completely dissolved into the matrix during a short homogenization treatment （470℃, 1 h）, while the primary phase A13（Sc,Zr） remains stable. This is due to Sc and Zr additions into the A1 al- loy, high Zn/Mg mass ratio, and low Cu content. The experimental findings fit well with the results calculated by the homogenization diffusion kinetics equation. The alloy shows an excellent mechanical performance after the short homogenization process followed by hot-extrusion and T6 treatment. Consequently, a good combination of low energy consumotion and favorable mechanical properties is obtained.展开更多
Erosion is one of the most concerning issues in pipeline flow assurance for the Oil&Gas pipeline industries,which can easily lead to wall thinning,perforation leakage,and other crucial safety risks to the steady o...Erosion is one of the most concerning issues in pipeline flow assurance for the Oil&Gas pipeline industries,which can easily lead to wall thinning,perforation leakage,and other crucial safety risks to the steady operation of pipelines.In this research,a novel experimental device is designed to investigate the erosion characteristics of 304 stainless and L245 carbon steel in the gas-solid two-phase flow.Regarding the impacts on erosion rate,the typical factors such as gas velocity,impact angle,erosion time,particle material and target material are individually observed and comprehensive analyzed with the assistance of apparent morphology characterized via Scanning Electron Microscope.Experimental results show that the severest erosion occurs when the angle reaches approximate 30°whether eroded by type I or type II particles,which is observed in both two types of steel.Concretely,304 stainless steel and L245 carbon steel appear to be cut at low angles,and impacted at high angles to form erosion pits.In the steady operational state,the erosion rate is insensitive to the short erosion time and free from the influences caused by the“erosion latent period”.Based on the comparison between experimental data and numerical results generated by existing erosion models,a modified model with low tolerance(<3%),high feasibility and strong consistency is proposed to make an accurate prediction of the erosion in terms of two types of steel under various industrial conditions.展开更多
Research has shown that long-chain noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, including peripheral nerve regeneration, in part by acting as competing endogenous RNAs. ...Research has shown that long-chain noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, including peripheral nerve regeneration, in part by acting as competing endogenous RNAs. c-Jun plays a key role in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. However, the precise underlying mechanism of c-Jun remains unclear. In this study, we performed microarray and bioinformatics analysis of mouse crush-injured sciatic nerves and found that the lncRNA Pvt1 was overexpressed in Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury. Mechanistic studies revealed that Pvt1 increased c-Jun expression through sponging miRNA-214. We overexpressed Pvt1 in Schwann cells cultured in vitro and found that the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells were enhanced, and overexpression of miRNA-214 counteracted the effects of Pvt1 overexpression on Schwann cell proliferation and migration. We conducted in vivo analyses and injected Schwann cells overexpressing Pvt1 into injured sciatic nerves of mice. Schwann cells overexpressing Pvt1 enhanced the regeneration of injured sciatic nerves following peripheral nerve injury and the locomotor function of mice was improved. Our findings reveal the role of lncRNAs in the repair of peripheral nerve injury and highlight lncRNA Pvt1 as a novel potential treatment target for peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
This study investigates the circulation and precipitation anomalies associated with different configurations of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)and the East Asian westerly jet(EAJ)in summer on interan...This study investigates the circulation and precipitation anomalies associated with different configurations of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)and the East Asian westerly jet(EAJ)in summer on interannual timescales.The in-phase configuration of the WNPSH and EAJ is characterized by the westward(eastward)extension of the WNPSH and the southward(northward)shift of the EAJ,which is consistent with the general correspondence between their variations.The out-of-phase configuration includes the residual cases.We find that the in-phase configuration manifests itself as a typical meridional teleconnection.For instance,there is an anticyclonic(cyclonic)anomaly over the tropical western North Pacific and a cyclonic(anticyclonic)anomaly over the mid-latitudes of East Asia in the lower troposphere.These circulation anomalies are more conducive to rainfall anomalies over the Yangtze River basin and south Japan than are the individual WNPSH or EAJ.By contrast,for the out-of-phase configuration,the mid-latitude cyclonic(anticyclonic)anomaly is absent,and the lower-tropospheric circulation anomalies feature an anticyclonic(cyclonic)anomaly with a large meridional extension.Correspondingly,significant rainfall anomalies move northward to North China and the northern Korean Peninsula.Further results indicate that the out-of-phase configuration is associated with the developing phase of ENSO,with strong and significant sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the tropical central and eastern Pacific which occur simultaneously during summer and persist into the following winter.This is sharply different from the in-phase configuration,for which the tropical SSTs are not a necessity.展开更多
Seasonal prediction of summer precipitation over eastern China is closely linked to the East Asian monsoon circulation,which is largely affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).In this study,results sho...Seasonal prediction of summer precipitation over eastern China is closely linked to the East Asian monsoon circulation,which is largely affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).In this study,results show that spring soil moisture(SM)over the Indo-China peninsula(ICP)could be a reliable seasonal predictor for eastern China summer precipitation under non-ENSO conditions.When springtime SM anomalies are present over the ICP,they trigger a structured response in summertime precipitation over most of eastern China.The resultant south-to-north,tri-polar configuration of precipitation anomalies has a tendency to yield increased(decreased)precipitation in the Yangtze River basin and decreased(increased)in South and North China with a drier(wetter)spring soil condition in the ICP.The analyses show that ENSO exerts a powerful control on the East Asian circulation system in the ENSO-decaying summer.In the case of ENSO forcing,the seasonal predictability of the ICP spring SM for eastern China summer precipitation is suppressed.However,in the absence of the influence of ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies from the preceding winter,the SM anomalies over the ICP induce abnormal local heating and a consequent geopotential height response owing to its sustained control on local temperature,which could,in turn,lead to abnormal eastern China summer precipitation by affecting the East Asian summer monsoon circulation.The present findings provide a better understanding of the complexity of summer climate predictability over eastern China,which is of potential significance for improving the livelihood of the people.展开更多
For the first time, we developed porous Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles with predominant(111) facets under intense magnetic fields. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles obtained at 2 Te...For the first time, we developed porous Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles with predominant(111) facets under intense magnetic fields. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles obtained at 2 Tesla exhibited a superior catalytic activity and durability for oxygen reduction reaction. This work demonstrated that the imposition of intense magnetic field could be considered as a new approach for developing efficient alloying electrocatalysts with preferential facets.展开更多
To effectively solve the agglomeration problems in the solid state reaction process,pre-adding glucose is adopted to the synthesis of Li Fe PO4/C energy materials using Fe–P waste slag. The average particle grain siz...To effectively solve the agglomeration problems in the solid state reaction process,pre-adding glucose is adopted to the synthesis of Li Fe PO4/C energy materials using Fe–P waste slag. The average particle grain size of Li FeP O4/C decreases,and the impurities in Li Fe PO4/C composites reduce to a great extent. It makes great sense to the mass industrial production. The optimum synthesis conditions determined in this work are based on the orthogonal experiments. The samples synthesized in a scale of 500 g exhibit high purity,excellent electrochemical performance,high reaction activity,good reversibility,and low polarization level.The discharge capacities are 145,134,117,and 102 m Ah/g at the current densities of 0.1 C,0.2 C,0.5 C and1 C,respectively. This work puts forward a practical suggestion for mass producing environmental benign and low cost Li FeP O4/C as cathode materials of lithium ion batteries.展开更多
Using 20 models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 （CMIP5）, the simulation of the Southwest Indian Ocean （SWIO） thermocline dome is evaluated and its role in shaping the Indian Ocean Basin （IOB...Using 20 models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 （CMIP5）, the simulation of the Southwest Indian Ocean （SWIO） thermocline dome is evaluated and its role in shaping the Indian Ocean Basin （IOB） mode following E1 Nifio investigated. In most of the CMIP5 models, due to an easterly wind bias along the equator, the simulated SWIO thermocline is too deep, which could further influence the amplitude of the interannual IOB mode. A model with a shallow （deep） thermocline dome tends to simulate a strong （weak） IOB mode, including key attributes such as the SWIO SST warming, antisymmetric pattern during boreal spring, and second North Indian Ocean warming during boreal summer. Under global warming, the thermocline dome deepens with the easterly wind trend along the equator in most of the models. However, the IOB amplitude does not follow such a change of the SWIO thermocline among the models; rather, it follows future changes in both ENSO forcing and local convection feedback, suggesting a decreasing effect of the deepening SWIO thermocline dome on the change in the IOB mode in the future.展开更多
Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Ki...Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Kingdom,indicating a wide geographical distribution.In this retrospective study,339 pig serum samples were collected from 20 different commercial swine farms located in nine cities in Guangdong Province,China,from 2016 to 2018,to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of PPg V in this geographical region.PPg V was detected in 55%(11/20)of the farms using nested reverse transcription PCR,with 6.2%(21/339)of pigs testing positive for PPg V.The yearly PPg V-positive rate increased from 2.6%to 7.5%between 2016 and 2018.Sequencing of PPg V-positive samples identified two complete polyprotein genes and seven partial NS5 B genes from different farms.Comparative analysis of the polyprotein genes revealed that PPg V sequences obtained in this study showed 87.4%–97.2%similarity at the nucleotide level and 96.5%–99.4%similarity at the amino acid level with the reference sequences.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the complete polyprotein gene and partial NS5 B and NS3 genes demonstrated a high genetic similarity with the samples from the USA.The finding of the wide distribution of PPg V in swine herds in Guangdong Province will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PPg V in China.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(4227233052079019)+1 种基金the Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program(Applied Basic Research Project)(2023JH2/101700340)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT24ZD135).
文摘Columnar jointed rock mass(CJRM)combines and mosaic of slender rock columns with different height-to-width(H/W)ratios.Revealing the correlation of the mechanical behavior of individual rock columns with internal factors(H/W ratio and material strength)and external factor(lateral pressure)is fundamental to understanding the deterioration of CJRM.We adopt a numerical scheme that combines a statistical meso-damage constitutive model with a finite element formulation based on finite deformation,which can simultaneously consider both material failure and structural instability of the rock columns.Compression tests of rock columns with different H/W ratios and material strengths under varying lateral pressures were conducted to analyze the macro-strength features and failure modes.The numerical results show that increasing the material strength can improve the macro-strength,while the effect of H/W ratio is the opposite.Both increases can promote the conversion of failure modes,and the evolution process is as follows:material failure-induced structural instability→synergy and competition between material failure and structural instability→structural instability-induced material failure.Notably,for the last failure mode,an increase in lateral pressure decreases the macro-strength of the rock column and heightens its instability risk.This finding provides new insights into the response of rocks with different H/W ratios under lateral pressure,extending beyond traditional material-based perspectives.According to the position of the failure mode demarcation line,the failure mode of the rock column can be regulated.
基金supported by Major scientific and technological projects of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2017DB006 and 2020KWZ-012)。
文摘Walnut(Juglans regia L.)is a good source of lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).In order to explore the biosynthesis molecular mechanism of oil accumulation and fatty acid(FA)synthesis in walnut,the samples at different development periods of three walnut cultivars,’Zhipi’(ZP),’Xinwu 417’(W417)and’Xinwen 81’(W81)were collected for transcriptomic analysis.The analysis of oil accumulation and FA profiles showed that the oil content in mature walnut kernel was nearly 70%,and over 90%of FAs were PUFAs.We identified 126 candidate genes including 64 genes for FA de novo synthesis,45 genes for triacylglycerol assembly,and 17 genes for oil bodies involved in lipid biosynthesis by RNA-sequencing.Ten key enzymes including ACCase,LACS6,LACS8,SAD,FAD2,FAD3,LPAAT1,DGAT2,PDAT2,and PLC encoded by 19 genes were highly associated with lipid biosynthesis.Quantitative PCR analysis further validated 9 important genes,and the results were well consistent with our transcriptomic data.Finally,5 important transcription factors including WRI1,ABI3,FUS3,PKL and VAL1 were identified,and their main regulatory genes might contain ACCase,KASII,LACS,FAD3 and LPAAT which were determined through correlation analysis of expression levels for 27 walnut samples.These findings will provide a comprehensive understanding and valuable information on the genetic engineering and molecular breeding in walnut.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22279122)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220530162402005)+2 种基金the Research on High Power Flexible Battery in All Sea Depth(2020-XXXX-XX-246-00)the Research Fund Program of Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and EcoEnvironment Geology(No.HBREGKFJJ-202314)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,South-Central Minzu University(No.CZQ21013)。
文摘Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity(819 mAh·g^(-1)),ecofriendliness,low cost and high safety,which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,the practical application of current ZIBs is significantly restricted by irregular dendrite growth of zinc anode and the low working voltage(usually<2 V)of cathode materials.Herein,we report a high-voltage Zn-based dualion battery(DIB),which is constructed by a graphite cathode,a Zn anode,and 3 M LiPF_(6)in the ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC)electrolyte.Under the corrosion interaction of Li^(+)ions,Zn^(2+)can be easily dissolved from Zn anode into the electrolyte to enable dendrite-free Zn^(2+)plating/stripping at the anode.Moreover,an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)binder is employed to generate a robust cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)layer on the graphite cathode,which renders ultrafast PF_(6)^(-)-de-/intercalation into graphite.The resultant Zn-graphite DIB operates stably at a high cut off voltage of 3.2 V,corresponding to an average output voltage of 2.2 V.After 9000cycles at 5C,the high capacity retention of 95.9% can be achieved with~100% Coulomb efficiency.Based on the mass of cathode material,our Zn-graphite battery exhibits ultrafast rate capability(60 C,a discharge time of 44 s)and high energy/power densities(208 Wh·kg^(-1)at 214 W·kg^(-1);142 Wh·kg^(-1)at 8692 W·kg^(-1)),which holds great promise for large-scale energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12172023).
文摘The separation-of-variable(SOV)methods,such as the improved SOV method,the variational SOV method,and the extended SOV method,have been proposed by the present authors and coworkers to obtain the closed-form analytical solutions for free vibration and eigenbuckling of rectangular plates and circular cylindrical shells.By taking the free vibration of rectangular thin plates as an example,this work presents the theoretical framework of the SOV methods in an instructive way,and the bisection–based solution procedures for a group of nonlinear eigenvalue equations.Besides,the explicit equations of nodal lines of the SOV methods are presented,and the relations of nodal line patterns and frequency orders are investigated.It is concluded that the highly accurate SOV methods have the same accuracy for all frequencies,the mode shapes about repeated frequencies can also be precisely captured,and the SOV methods do not have the problem of missing roots as well.
基金supported by grants from the Guangzhou National Laboratory(No.YW-SLJC0201)Macao Young Scholar Program(No.AM2023024).
文摘Background:Retinal ganglion cell(RGC)death caused by acute ocular hypertension is an important characteristic of acute glaucoma.Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3(RIPK3)that mediates necroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for RGC death.However,the current understanding of the targeting agents and mechanisms of RIPK3 in the treatment of glaucoma remains limited.Notably,artificial intelligence(AI)technologies have significantly advanced drug discovery.This study aimed to discover RIPK3 inhibitor with AI assistance.Methods:An acute ocular hypertension model was used to simulate pathological ocular hypertension in vivo.We employed a series of AI methods,including large language and graph neural network models,to identify the target compounds of RIPK3.Subsequently,these target candidates were validated using molecular simulations(molecular docking,absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion,and toxicity[ADMET]prediction,and molecular dynamics simulations)and biological experiments(Western blotting and fluorescence staining)in vitro and in vivo.Results:AI-driven drug screening techniques have the potential to greatly accelerate drug development.A compound called HG9-91-01,identified using AI methods,exerted neuroprotective effects in acute glaucoma.Our research indicates that all five candidates recommended by AI were able to protect the morphological integrity of RGC cells when exposed to hypoxia and glucose deficiency,and HG9-91-01 showed a higher cell survival rate compared to the other candidates.Furthermore,HG9-91-01 was found to protect the retinal structure and reduce the loss of retinal layers in an acute glaucoma model.It was also observed that the neuroprotective effects of HG9-91-01 were highly correlated with the inhibition of PANoptosis(apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis).Finally,we found that HG9-91-01 can regulate key proteins related to PANoptosis,indicating that this compound exerts neuroprotective effects in the retina by inhibiting the expression of proteins related to apoptosis,pyroptosis,and necroptosis.Conclusion:AI-enabled drug discovery revealed that HG9-91-01 could serve as a potential treatment for acute glaucoma.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No:42105025,42075189,42275036,and 42430610)the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2021YFA0718000+3 种基金the China Meteorological Administration Youth Innovation Team(CMA2023QN15)China Meteorological Administration Key Innovation Team(CMA2024ZD07)the development fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO202203 and SCSIO202208)the Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography(South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences)(LTO2110)。
文摘The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and livelihoods.Using observation and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the effect of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream(EAJ)on the CEC EHEs for the summers spanning 1979–2020.Considering its general relative location to the right side of the upper-level jet stream exit region,CEC would theoretically suffer more EHEs with a stronger and northwardly-shifted EAJ in summer due to the likelihood of abnormal subsidence induced by the EAJ.However,such an EAJ–EHE connection has been unstable over the past four decades but has displayed an evident interdecadal change.Before the late 1990s,the interannual variation of the EAJ was manifested mainly by its meridional displacement in the northeastern part of East Asia;thus,the atmospheric responses were essentially located to the east of CEC,exerting less of an influence on the CEC EHEs.However,since the late 1990s,the EAJ variation has featured an intensity change in its center over the northwest portion of the CEC,which has resulted in a westward shift in atmospheric responses to cover the CEC region.Therefore,the EAJ could potentially affect the summer CEC EHEs during 2000–21.Our findings offer support for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanisms of extreme weather/climate events of this nature and thus provide a scientific reference for seasonal climate predictions.
基金supports from the National Science Foundation of China under Grant number of No.52174329China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation(BWLCF202216).
文摘The permeability of the sintering process can be significantly improved by the pellet sintering,but the excessive permeability will impact the heat accumulation of the sinter bed.Thus,it is very essential to clarify the influence of the pellet particle size on the heat transfer process of sintering.Therefore,pilot-scale sinter pot tests of pellet sintering with manganese ore fines of different particle sizes were conducted,and traditional sintering was compared to reveal the heat transfer process of sintering and its impact on the microstructure of sintered ore.The results indicate that under suitable pellet sizes(8-12 mm),the heat transfer efficiency and the heat accumulation effect between the layers of sinter bed are strengthened by the pellet sintering,as well as the highest temperature in the combustion zone and the duration of high-temperature zone.This also leads to the further growth of ferrotephroite or hausmannite in liquid phase and its more reasonable crystal distribution.Ultimately,compared with the traditional sintering process,the total solid fuel consumption can be reduced by 20%-30%,and the productivity can be increased by 11.71%-16.21%.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2502800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070955,32000537).
文摘Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is a rare, irreversibly blinding eye diseasewith an unknown etiology. Understanding its genomic and epigenomic landscape could aid indeveloping etiology-based therapies. In this study, we recruited 99 ICE patients and performedwhole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 51 and genome-wide DNA methylation profiling on 48 ofthem. We conducted mutational burden testing on genes and noncoding regulatory regions,comparing the ICE cohort with control groups (9197 East Asians from the gnomAD databaseand 350 normal Chinese from our in-house cohort). Copy number variation (CNV) analysisand differential methylation of regions were also explored. We identified RP1L1 (27/51,53%) with a significantly higher coding-altering mutational burden in the ICE cohort (p <8.3×10^(7)), with mutations predominantly at chr8:10467637 (hg19). Additionally, 41 regionswith significant CNVs were identified, including two regions at chr19:15783859-15791329(hg19) and chr3:75786061-75790887 (hg19), showing copy number loss in 39 and 19 patients,respectively. We also identified 2,717 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), with hypomethylation prevalent in ICE syndrome (91.9% of DMRs). Among these, 45 recurrent hypomethylated regions (HMRs) in more than 10% of ICE patients showed differential methylationcompared to normal controls. This study presents the first comprehensive genomic and epigenomic characterization of ICE syndrome, offering insights into its underlying etiology.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1905213 and 52303132)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFB142)the Scientific Research Fund Project of Wuhan Institute of Technology(No.K2023109).
文摘Lead halide perovskite(LHP)nanocrystals(NCs)suffer from poor stability against environmental factors(heat,moisture,oxygen,etc.),which seriously hinders their practical application.Constructing a core-shell structure could be an effective approach to improve the stability and optical properties of the LHP NCs.Herein,a novel strategy of water-triggered phase transformation and phospholipid(DSPE)micelle encapsulation is proposed,generating highly luminescent water-dispersed CsPbBr_(3)@CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE core-shell-shell nanocrystals.The epitaxial growth of the CsPb_(2)Br5 shell is induced by the in-situ reconstruc-tion of the CsPbBr_(3) surface by water erosion,and the lattice mismatch with the CsPbBr_(3) core is small(3.8%).The further amphipathic phospholipid encapsulation guarantees their excellent water dispersity and stability.Revealed by the femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy,the dense CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE shell effectively passivates the surface of the CsPbBr_(3) core,thus improving its stability and luminescence performance.The resulting CsPbBr_(3)@CsPb_(2)Br5@DSPE nanoparticles exhibit excellent performance as fluo-rescent probes for bioimaging,aqueous inks for high-resolution pattering,and light conversion layers for LEDs,demonstrating their promising potential in multiple applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81872845(to ML),81771625(to XF)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China,No.BK20180207(to ML)+4 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent of China,No.QNRC2016762(to ML)the Pediatric Clinical Center of Suzhou City of China,No.Szzx201504(to XF)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province of China,No.KYCX19_1998(to LLT)Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies of China,No.JS-2017-127(to ML)the Fifth Batch of Gusu Health Talent Plan of China(to ML).
文摘Our previous studies have demonstrated that TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator(TIGAR)can protect neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.However,the role of TIGAR in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)remains unknown.In the present study,7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat models of HIBD were established by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery followed by 2-hour hypoxia.At 6 days before induction of HIBD,a lentiviral vector containing short hairpin RNA of either TIGAR or gasdermin D(LV-sh_TIGAR or LV-sh_GSDMD)was injected into the left lateral ventricle and striatum.Highly aggressively proliferating immortalized(HAPI)microglial cell models of in vitro HIBD were established by 2-hour oxygen/glucose deprivation followed by 24-hour reoxygenation.Three days before in vitro HIBD induction,HAPI microglial cells were transfected with LV-sh_TIGAR or LV-sh_GSDMD.Our results showed that TIGAR expression was increased in the neonatal rat cortex after HIBD and in HAPI microglial cells after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.Lentivirusmediated TIGAR knockdown in rats markedly worsened pyroptosis and brain damage after hypoxia/ischemia in vivo and in vitro.Application of exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)increased the NADPH level and the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio and decreased reactive oxygen species levels in HAPI microglial cells after oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation.Additionally,exogenous NADPH blocked the effects of TIGAR knockdown in neonatal HIBD in vivo and in vitro.These findings show that TIGAR can inhibit microglial pyroptosis and play a protective role in neonatal HIBD.The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Soochow University of China(approval No.2017LW003)in 2017.
基金financially supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2013AA031002)
文摘Abstract： Microstructural evolution in a new kind of aluminum （A1） alloy with the chemical composition of AI-8.82Zn-2.08Mg- 0.80Cu-3.31Sc-0.3Zr was investigated. It is found that the secondary phase MgZn2 is completely dissolved into the matrix during a short homogenization treatment （470℃, 1 h）, while the primary phase A13（Sc,Zr） remains stable. This is due to Sc and Zr additions into the A1 al- loy, high Zn/Mg mass ratio, and low Cu content. The experimental findings fit well with the results calculated by the homogenization diffusion kinetics equation. The alloy shows an excellent mechanical performance after the short homogenization process followed by hot-extrusion and T6 treatment. Consequently, a good combination of low energy consumotion and favorable mechanical properties is obtained.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Plan(2021C03152)Zhoushan Science and Technology Project(2021C21011)+1 种基金Industrial Project of Public Technology Research of Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Department(LGG18E040001)Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Province Education Department(Y20173854)
文摘Erosion is one of the most concerning issues in pipeline flow assurance for the Oil&Gas pipeline industries,which can easily lead to wall thinning,perforation leakage,and other crucial safety risks to the steady operation of pipelines.In this research,a novel experimental device is designed to investigate the erosion characteristics of 304 stainless and L245 carbon steel in the gas-solid two-phase flow.Regarding the impacts on erosion rate,the typical factors such as gas velocity,impact angle,erosion time,particle material and target material are individually observed and comprehensive analyzed with the assistance of apparent morphology characterized via Scanning Electron Microscope.Experimental results show that the severest erosion occurs when the angle reaches approximate 30°whether eroded by type I or type II particles,which is observed in both two types of steel.Concretely,304 stainless steel and L245 carbon steel appear to be cut at low angles,and impacted at high angles to form erosion pits.In the steady operational state,the erosion rate is insensitive to the short erosion time and free from the influences caused by the“erosion latent period”.Based on the comparison between experimental data and numerical results generated by existing erosion models,a modified model with low tolerance(<3%),high feasibility and strong consistency is proposed to make an accurate prediction of the erosion in terms of two types of steel under various industrial conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81801213 (to BP)Xuzhou Special Fund for Promoting Scientific and Technological Innovation,Nos. KC21177 (to BP),KC21195 (to HF)Science and Technology Project of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture,No. YZ2019D006 (to HF)。
文摘Research has shown that long-chain noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, including peripheral nerve regeneration, in part by acting as competing endogenous RNAs. c-Jun plays a key role in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. However, the precise underlying mechanism of c-Jun remains unclear. In this study, we performed microarray and bioinformatics analysis of mouse crush-injured sciatic nerves and found that the lncRNA Pvt1 was overexpressed in Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury. Mechanistic studies revealed that Pvt1 increased c-Jun expression through sponging miRNA-214. We overexpressed Pvt1 in Schwann cells cultured in vitro and found that the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells were enhanced, and overexpression of miRNA-214 counteracted the effects of Pvt1 overexpression on Schwann cell proliferation and migration. We conducted in vivo analyses and injected Schwann cells overexpressing Pvt1 into injured sciatic nerves of mice. Schwann cells overexpressing Pvt1 enhanced the regeneration of injured sciatic nerves following peripheral nerve injury and the locomotor function of mice was improved. Our findings reveal the role of lncRNAs in the repair of peripheral nerve injury and highlight lncRNA Pvt1 as a novel potential treatment target for peripheral nerve injury.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41905055 and 41721004)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B200202145).
文摘This study investigates the circulation and precipitation anomalies associated with different configurations of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)and the East Asian westerly jet(EAJ)in summer on interannual timescales.The in-phase configuration of the WNPSH and EAJ is characterized by the westward(eastward)extension of the WNPSH and the southward(northward)shift of the EAJ,which is consistent with the general correspondence between their variations.The out-of-phase configuration includes the residual cases.We find that the in-phase configuration manifests itself as a typical meridional teleconnection.For instance,there is an anticyclonic(cyclonic)anomaly over the tropical western North Pacific and a cyclonic(anticyclonic)anomaly over the mid-latitudes of East Asia in the lower troposphere.These circulation anomalies are more conducive to rainfall anomalies over the Yangtze River basin and south Japan than are the individual WNPSH or EAJ.By contrast,for the out-of-phase configuration,the mid-latitude cyclonic(anticyclonic)anomaly is absent,and the lower-tropospheric circulation anomalies feature an anticyclonic(cyclonic)anomaly with a large meridional extension.Correspondingly,significant rainfall anomalies move northward to North China and the northern Korean Peninsula.Further results indicate that the out-of-phase configuration is associated with the developing phase of ENSO,with strong and significant sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the tropical central and eastern Pacific which occur simultaneously during summer and persist into the following winter.This is sharply different from the in-phase configuration,for which the tropical SSTs are not a necessity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41831175)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. B210201029)+2 种基金the Key Scientific and Technological Project of the Ministry of Water Resources, P. R. China (SKS2022001)the Joint Open Project of the KLME and CIC-FEMD (Grant No. KLME202202)the Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) (Grant No. LTO2110)
文摘Seasonal prediction of summer precipitation over eastern China is closely linked to the East Asian monsoon circulation,which is largely affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).In this study,results show that spring soil moisture(SM)over the Indo-China peninsula(ICP)could be a reliable seasonal predictor for eastern China summer precipitation under non-ENSO conditions.When springtime SM anomalies are present over the ICP,they trigger a structured response in summertime precipitation over most of eastern China.The resultant south-to-north,tri-polar configuration of precipitation anomalies has a tendency to yield increased(decreased)precipitation in the Yangtze River basin and decreased(increased)in South and North China with a drier(wetter)spring soil condition in the ICP.The analyses show that ENSO exerts a powerful control on the East Asian circulation system in the ENSO-decaying summer.In the case of ENSO forcing,the seasonal predictability of the ICP spring SM for eastern China summer precipitation is suppressed.However,in the absence of the influence of ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies from the preceding winter,the SM anomalies over the ICP induce abnormal local heating and a consequent geopotential height response owing to its sustained control on local temperature,which could,in turn,lead to abnormal eastern China summer precipitation by affecting the East Asian summer monsoon circulation.The present findings provide a better understanding of the complexity of summer climate predictability over eastern China,which is of potential significance for improving the livelihood of the people.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51401134)the Scientific Research Funding Project of Liaoning Education Department (Grant No. LG201924)+1 种基金the Australian Research Council (ARCDE180101030) during the course of this work。
文摘For the first time, we developed porous Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles with predominant(111) facets under intense magnetic fields. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the Pt-Ni alloying nanoparticles obtained at 2 Tesla exhibited a superior catalytic activity and durability for oxygen reduction reaction. This work demonstrated that the imposition of intense magnetic field could be considered as a new approach for developing efficient alloying electrocatalysts with preferential facets.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(grant no.21206099)
文摘To effectively solve the agglomeration problems in the solid state reaction process,pre-adding glucose is adopted to the synthesis of Li Fe PO4/C energy materials using Fe–P waste slag. The average particle grain size of Li FeP O4/C decreases,and the impurities in Li Fe PO4/C composites reduce to a great extent. It makes great sense to the mass industrial production. The optimum synthesis conditions determined in this work are based on the orthogonal experiments. The samples synthesized in a scale of 500 g exhibit high purity,excellent electrochemical performance,high reaction activity,good reversibility,and low polarization level.The discharge capacities are 145,134,117,and 102 m Ah/g at the current densities of 0.1 C,0.2 C,0.5 C and1 C,respectively. This work puts forward a practical suggestion for mass producing environmental benign and low cost Li FeP O4/C as cathode materials of lithium ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos.2012CB955600 and 2015CB954300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41106010 and 41476003)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. LTO1206 and LTOZZ1202)a China Meteorological Public Welfare Science Research Project (Grant No. GYHY201306027)
文摘Using 20 models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 （CMIP5）, the simulation of the Southwest Indian Ocean （SWIO） thermocline dome is evaluated and its role in shaping the Indian Ocean Basin （IOB） mode following E1 Nifio investigated. In most of the CMIP5 models, due to an easterly wind bias along the equator, the simulated SWIO thermocline is too deep, which could further influence the amplitude of the interannual IOB mode. A model with a shallow （deep） thermocline dome tends to simulate a strong （weak） IOB mode, including key attributes such as the SWIO SST warming, antisymmetric pattern during boreal spring, and second North Indian Ocean warming during boreal summer. Under global warming, the thermocline dome deepens with the easterly wind trend along the equator in most of the models. However, the IOB amplitude does not follow such a change of the SWIO thermocline among the models; rather, it follows future changes in both ENSO forcing and local convection feedback, suggesting a decreasing effect of the deepening SWIO thermocline dome on the change in the IOB mode in the future.
基金supported by Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province,the Guangdong Province Pig Industrial System Innovation Team(Grant Number 2018LM1103)the National Key Basic Research Program(Grant Number 2016YFD0500606)+1 种基金the Construction of the First Class Universities(Subject)and Special Development Guidance Special Fund(Grant Number K5174960)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SCUT(Grant Number D2170320)
文摘Porcine pegivirus(PPgV)is a member of the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family.PPg V is an emerging virus that has been discovered in swine herds in Germany,the United States,China,Poland,Italy,and the United Kingdom,indicating a wide geographical distribution.In this retrospective study,339 pig serum samples were collected from 20 different commercial swine farms located in nine cities in Guangdong Province,China,from 2016 to 2018,to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of PPg V in this geographical region.PPg V was detected in 55%(11/20)of the farms using nested reverse transcription PCR,with 6.2%(21/339)of pigs testing positive for PPg V.The yearly PPg V-positive rate increased from 2.6%to 7.5%between 2016 and 2018.Sequencing of PPg V-positive samples identified two complete polyprotein genes and seven partial NS5 B genes from different farms.Comparative analysis of the polyprotein genes revealed that PPg V sequences obtained in this study showed 87.4%–97.2%similarity at the nucleotide level and 96.5%–99.4%similarity at the amino acid level with the reference sequences.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the complete polyprotein gene and partial NS5 B and NS3 genes demonstrated a high genetic similarity with the samples from the USA.The finding of the wide distribution of PPg V in swine herds in Guangdong Province will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics and genetic evolution of PPg V in China.
