Currently,talent cultivation faces numerous challenges,such as a shortage of school-enterprise tutors and a disconnection between curriculum construction and industry demands.The“promoting research through courses”m...Currently,talent cultivation faces numerous challenges,such as a shortage of school-enterprise tutors and a disconnection between curriculum construction and industry demands.The“promoting research through courses”model has emerged in response to these challenges.Its goals include training students’research capabilities,cultivating their interdisciplinary learning and application abilities,and establishing an ecological closed loop between education and research.The reform measures involve innovating curriculum design to create new,advanced,and practical courses,adopting a hierarchical and progressive classroom teaching method combined with post-class diversion guidance,and conducting online-offline integrated case-based and scenario-based teaching.The reform has achieved remarkable results.Students have enhanced their research abilities,knowledge application,and professional qualities.Schools have strengthened their discipline construction,teaching staff,and social influence.Enterprises have realized their talent reserves and technological innovations.The teaching model has integrated theory and practice,promoting the high-quality development of education and teaching,and providing a new path to solve the problems in education and industry development.展开更多
Dielectric nanostructures are widely embraced in the field of structural color design due to their low-cost characteristics,enabling sub-micron scale color printing.However,challenges still exist in the selection of s...Dielectric nanostructures are widely embraced in the field of structural color design due to their low-cost characteristics,enabling sub-micron scale color printing.However,challenges still exist in the selection of structures and image encryption.In this study,we propose a method for printing dual patterns using tailored scattering structures based on two-photon polymerization.We extensively analyze the color performance of each structure in zeroth-order diffraction under cross-polarized transmission and bright-field transmission illumination.By selecting appropriate structures based on their characteristics,we prepared full-color panels and successfully utilized these panels to print both color patterns and dual patterns,achieving multi-level control of color and information.Based on the above study,a large-sale color pattern with a hidden message in an area of 3.2 cm×2.4 cm is printed,which can be directly observed.Our results demonstrate a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to color preparation,offering innovative strategies and methods for the fields of color science and steganography for information security.展开更多
Arms race co-evolution of plant–pathogen interactions evolved sophisticated recognition mechanisms between host immune receptors and pathogen effectors. Different allelic haplotypes of an immune receptor in the host ...Arms race co-evolution of plant–pathogen interactions evolved sophisticated recognition mechanisms between host immune receptors and pathogen effectors. Different allelic haplotypes of an immune receptor in the host mount distinct recognition against sequence or non-sequence related effectors in pathogens. We report the molecular characterization of the Piks allele of the rice immune receptor Pik against rice blast pathogen, which requires two head-to-head arrayed nucleotide-binding sites and leucine-rich repeat proteins. Like other Pik alleles, both Piks-1 and Piks-2 are necessary and sufficient for mediating resistance. However, unlike other Pik alleles, Piks does not recognize any known AvrPik variants of Magnaporthe oryzae. Sequence analysis of the genome of an avirulent isolate V86010 further revealed that its cognate avirulence(Avr) gene most likely has no significant sequence similarity to known AvrPik variants. Piks-1 and Pikm-1 have only two amino acid differences within the integrated heavy metal-associated(HMA) domain. Pikm-HMA interacts with AvrPik-A,-D, and-E in vitro and in vivo,whereas Piks-HMA does not bind any AvrPik variants. Characterization of two amino acid residues differing Piks-1 from Pikm-1 reveal that Piks-E229Q derived from the exchange of Glu229 to Gln229 in Piks-1 gains recognition specificity against AvrPik-D but not AvrPik-A or-E, indicating that Piks-E229Q partially restores the Pikm spectrum. By contrast,Piks-A261V derived from the exchange of Ala261 to Val261 in Piks-1 retains Piks recognition specificity.We conclude that Glu229 in Piks-1 is critical for Piks breaking the canonical Pik/AvrPik recognition pattern. Intriguingly, binding activity and ectopic cell death induction is maintained between Piks-A261V and AvrPik-D, implying that positive outcomes from ectopic assays might be insufficient to deduce its immune activity against the relevant effectors in rice and rice blast interaction.展开更多
基金funded by the Teaching Reform Project of Heilongjiang Province,China,titled“Research and Quantitative Analysis of the‘Three Integrations+Double Traction’Cultivation Model for Professional Degree Master Students”(SJGY20210190)the Key Teaching Reform Project of Shandong Province,China,titled“Research on the Cultivation Model of the Integration of Industry and Education for Engineering Professional Degree Postgraduates under the Background of‘Marine Engineering Complex’”(SDYJG21053)and the Postgraduate Teaching Reform Project of Harbin Engineering University,titled“Research on Key Core Issues of Scientific Research Practice for Professional Master Students——Taking the Electronic Information Major of Yantai Institute as an Example”(JG2021Y074).
文摘Currently,talent cultivation faces numerous challenges,such as a shortage of school-enterprise tutors and a disconnection between curriculum construction and industry demands.The“promoting research through courses”model has emerged in response to these challenges.Its goals include training students’research capabilities,cultivating their interdisciplinary learning and application abilities,and establishing an ecological closed loop between education and research.The reform measures involve innovating curriculum design to create new,advanced,and practical courses,adopting a hierarchical and progressive classroom teaching method combined with post-class diversion guidance,and conducting online-offline integrated case-based and scenario-based teaching.The reform has achieved remarkable results.Students have enhanced their research abilities,knowledge application,and professional qualities.Schools have strengthened their discipline construction,teaching staff,and social influence.Enterprises have realized their talent reserves and technological innovations.The teaching model has integrated theory and practice,promoting the high-quality development of education and teaching,and providing a new path to solve the problems in education and industry development.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2022F017)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(SKLSFO2022-01,SKLSFO2022-03)+4 种基金State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2023GZKF022)Henan Key Laboratory of Laser and Opto-electric Information Technology(JG2023-RF01)Exchange Project for Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications(Ministry of Education of China)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075078,62135004,62174073)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(2022010801020095).
文摘Dielectric nanostructures are widely embraced in the field of structural color design due to their low-cost characteristics,enabling sub-micron scale color printing.However,challenges still exist in the selection of structures and image encryption.In this study,we propose a method for printing dual patterns using tailored scattering structures based on two-photon polymerization.We extensively analyze the color performance of each structure in zeroth-order diffraction under cross-polarized transmission and bright-field transmission illumination.By selecting appropriate structures based on their characteristics,we prepared full-color panels and successfully utilized these panels to print both color patterns and dual patterns,achieving multi-level control of color and information.Based on the above study,a large-sale color pattern with a hidden message in an area of 3.2 cm×2.4 cm is printed,which can be directly observed.Our results demonstrate a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to color preparation,offering innovative strategies and methods for the fields of color science and steganography for information security.
基金supported, in part, by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to J.W. (U20A2021)Major Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province (2021NK1001)Talent promotion project of Hunan Association for Science and Technology (2019TJ-N03)。
文摘Arms race co-evolution of plant–pathogen interactions evolved sophisticated recognition mechanisms between host immune receptors and pathogen effectors. Different allelic haplotypes of an immune receptor in the host mount distinct recognition against sequence or non-sequence related effectors in pathogens. We report the molecular characterization of the Piks allele of the rice immune receptor Pik against rice blast pathogen, which requires two head-to-head arrayed nucleotide-binding sites and leucine-rich repeat proteins. Like other Pik alleles, both Piks-1 and Piks-2 are necessary and sufficient for mediating resistance. However, unlike other Pik alleles, Piks does not recognize any known AvrPik variants of Magnaporthe oryzae. Sequence analysis of the genome of an avirulent isolate V86010 further revealed that its cognate avirulence(Avr) gene most likely has no significant sequence similarity to known AvrPik variants. Piks-1 and Pikm-1 have only two amino acid differences within the integrated heavy metal-associated(HMA) domain. Pikm-HMA interacts with AvrPik-A,-D, and-E in vitro and in vivo,whereas Piks-HMA does not bind any AvrPik variants. Characterization of two amino acid residues differing Piks-1 from Pikm-1 reveal that Piks-E229Q derived from the exchange of Glu229 to Gln229 in Piks-1 gains recognition specificity against AvrPik-D but not AvrPik-A or-E, indicating that Piks-E229Q partially restores the Pikm spectrum. By contrast,Piks-A261V derived from the exchange of Ala261 to Val261 in Piks-1 retains Piks recognition specificity.We conclude that Glu229 in Piks-1 is critical for Piks breaking the canonical Pik/AvrPik recognition pattern. Intriguingly, binding activity and ectopic cell death induction is maintained between Piks-A261V and AvrPik-D, implying that positive outcomes from ectopic assays might be insufficient to deduce its immune activity against the relevant effectors in rice and rice blast interaction.
