Hydrogen-enriched ironmaking presents a promising approach to mitigate coke consumption and carbon emission in blast furnace(BF)operations.This work investigated the relationship between the structural features of cok...Hydrogen-enriched ironmaking presents a promising approach to mitigate coke consumption and carbon emission in blast furnace(BF)operations.This work investigated the relationship between the structural features of cokes and their reactivity towards solution loss(SL),especially under hydrogen-enriched atmospheres.Six cokes were characterized,and their SL behaviors were examined under varying atmospheres to elucidate the effects of hydrogen enrichment.The results indicate that an increase in fixed carbon content leads to a decrease in the coke reactivity index(CRI)and an increase in coke strength after reaction(CSR),in the CO_(2) atmosphere,the CSR of coke increases from 35.76%−62.83%,while in the 90CO_(2)/10H_(2) atmosphere,the CSR of coke increases from 65.67%−84.09%.There is a good linear relationship between CRI and microcrystalline structure parameters of coke.Cokes with larger crystalline size,lower amorphous content,and smaller optical texture index(OTI)values show enhanced resistance to degradation and maintain structural integrity in BF.Kinetic analysis performed with the shifted-modified-random pore model(S-MRPM)reveals that alterations in pore structure and intrinsic mineral composition significantly influence the reaction rate.The introduction of a small amount of water vapor raises SL rates,whereas a minor addition of hydrogen(<10%)decelerates SL due to its incomplete conversion to water vapor and the reduced partial pressure of the gasifying agent.Thermodynamic calculations also indicate that the introduced hydrogen does not convert into the same fraction of water vapor.The shift from chemical reaction control to gas diffusion control as the rate-determining step with rising temperatures during SL process was confirmed,and the introduction of hydrogen does not notably alter SL behavior.This result demonstrated that introducing a small amount of hydrogen(<10%)can mitigate SL rates,thereby enhancing coke strength and reducing coke consumption and carbon emissions.展开更多
目的对使用主客体互倚模型(actor-partner interdependence model,APIM)探究癌症患者及家庭照顾者癌症复发恐惧(fear of cancer recurrence,FCR)影响因素主客体效应的现有证据进行系统化总结。方法以JBI范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索...目的对使用主客体互倚模型(actor-partner interdependence model,APIM)探究癌症患者及家庭照顾者癌症复发恐惧(fear of cancer recurrence,FCR)影响因素主客体效应的现有证据进行系统化总结。方法以JBI范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索中英文数据库中有关成人癌症患者及其家庭照顾者FCR影响因素主客体效应的研究。检索时限为建库至2023年1月1日。对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。结果纳入15篇研究,发现具有全部主客体效应的因素包括:双方年轻年龄、家庭回避癌症沟通、感恩、正念、抑郁。结论本综述纳入研究的研究对象、样本量、研究设计、研究工具方面仍需要进一步完善,现阶段的研究不足以支持上述因素的主客体效应,在未来的研究中需开展大样本、设计严谨的研究以确定影响癌症患者及家庭照顾者FCR的关键因素,从而进行有效二元干预。展开更多
Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers i...Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers in these photo-driven applications is reflected by the increasing number of publications.The utilization of renewable materials in photo-driven applications not only contributes to mitigating the energy crisis but also facilitates the transition of society toward a low-carbon economy,thus enabling harmonious coexistence between humans and the environment within the context of sustainable development.This paper provides an overview of the recent advances of natural fibers which acted as substrates or precursors to construct an efficient system of light utilization.The different chemical properties and pretreatment methods of cellulose affect its performance in final photo-driven applications,including solar-driven water purification,photocatalysis,and photothermal biomedical applications.Nevertheless,current research rarely conducts a comprehensive comparisonof themfromabroadperspective.As a whole,this review first reveals the different structural advantages as well as thematching degree between natural fibers(bacterial cellulose,plant cellulose,and animal fiber)and three typical photo-driven applications.Besides,new strategies for optimizing the utilization of natural fibers are an important subject under the background of low-carbon and circular economy.Finally,some suggestions and prospects are put forward for the limitations and research prospects of natural fibers in photo-driven applications,which provides a new idea for the synthesis of renewable functional materials.展开更多
The transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio(T/ET)is a crucial indicator of the carbon-water cycle and energy balance.Despite the marked seasonality of warming and greening patterns,the differential responses of T/ET...The transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio(T/ET)is a crucial indicator of the carbon-water cycle and energy balance.Despite the marked seasonality of warming and greening patterns,the differential responses of T/ET to environmental changes across the seasons remain unclear.To address this,we employed a model-data fusion method,integrating the Priestley–Taylor Jet Propulsion Lab model with observational datasets,to analyze the seasonal trends of T/ET in China’s terrestrial ecosystems from 1981 to 2021.The results showed that T/ET significantly increased in spring,summer,and autumn,with growth rates of 0.0018 a^(–1)(p<0.01),0.0024 a^(–1)(p<0.01),and 0.0013 a^(–1)(p<0.01),respectively,whereas the winter trends remained statistically insignificant throughout the study period.Leaf area index dynamics were identified as the primary driver of the increase in T/ET during summer,accounting for 79%of the trend.By contrast,climate change was the main contributor to the rising T/ET trends in spring and autumn,accounting for 72%and 77%of the T/ET increase,respectively.Additionally,warming is pivotal for climate-driven changes in T/ET trends.This study elucidated seasonal variations in T/ET responses to environmental factors,offering critical insights for the sustainable management of ecosystems and accurate prediction of future environmental change impacts.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178002,22178001)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(2308085Y19)Excellent Youth Research Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(2022AH030045).
文摘Hydrogen-enriched ironmaking presents a promising approach to mitigate coke consumption and carbon emission in blast furnace(BF)operations.This work investigated the relationship between the structural features of cokes and their reactivity towards solution loss(SL),especially under hydrogen-enriched atmospheres.Six cokes were characterized,and their SL behaviors were examined under varying atmospheres to elucidate the effects of hydrogen enrichment.The results indicate that an increase in fixed carbon content leads to a decrease in the coke reactivity index(CRI)and an increase in coke strength after reaction(CSR),in the CO_(2) atmosphere,the CSR of coke increases from 35.76%−62.83%,while in the 90CO_(2)/10H_(2) atmosphere,the CSR of coke increases from 65.67%−84.09%.There is a good linear relationship between CRI and microcrystalline structure parameters of coke.Cokes with larger crystalline size,lower amorphous content,and smaller optical texture index(OTI)values show enhanced resistance to degradation and maintain structural integrity in BF.Kinetic analysis performed with the shifted-modified-random pore model(S-MRPM)reveals that alterations in pore structure and intrinsic mineral composition significantly influence the reaction rate.The introduction of a small amount of water vapor raises SL rates,whereas a minor addition of hydrogen(<10%)decelerates SL due to its incomplete conversion to water vapor and the reduced partial pressure of the gasifying agent.Thermodynamic calculations also indicate that the introduced hydrogen does not convert into the same fraction of water vapor.The shift from chemical reaction control to gas diffusion control as the rate-determining step with rising temperatures during SL process was confirmed,and the introduction of hydrogen does not notably alter SL behavior.This result demonstrated that introducing a small amount of hydrogen(<10%)can mitigate SL rates,thereby enhancing coke strength and reducing coke consumption and carbon emissions.
文摘目的对使用主客体互倚模型(actor-partner interdependence model,APIM)探究癌症患者及家庭照顾者癌症复发恐惧(fear of cancer recurrence,FCR)影响因素主客体效应的现有证据进行系统化总结。方法以JBI范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索中英文数据库中有关成人癌症患者及其家庭照顾者FCR影响因素主客体效应的研究。检索时限为建库至2023年1月1日。对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。结果纳入15篇研究,发现具有全部主客体效应的因素包括:双方年轻年龄、家庭回避癌症沟通、感恩、正念、抑郁。结论本综述纳入研究的研究对象、样本量、研究设计、研究工具方面仍需要进一步完善,现阶段的研究不足以支持上述因素的主客体效应,在未来的研究中需开展大样本、设计严谨的研究以确定影响癌症患者及家庭照顾者FCR的关键因素,从而进行有效二元干预。
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering(No.KF2204).
文摘Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers in these photo-driven applications is reflected by the increasing number of publications.The utilization of renewable materials in photo-driven applications not only contributes to mitigating the energy crisis but also facilitates the transition of society toward a low-carbon economy,thus enabling harmonious coexistence between humans and the environment within the context of sustainable development.This paper provides an overview of the recent advances of natural fibers which acted as substrates or precursors to construct an efficient system of light utilization.The different chemical properties and pretreatment methods of cellulose affect its performance in final photo-driven applications,including solar-driven water purification,photocatalysis,and photothermal biomedical applications.Nevertheless,current research rarely conducts a comprehensive comparisonof themfromabroadperspective.As a whole,this review first reveals the different structural advantages as well as thematching degree between natural fibers(bacterial cellulose,plant cellulose,and animal fiber)and three typical photo-driven applications.Besides,new strategies for optimizing the utilization of natural fibers are an important subject under the background of low-carbon and circular economy.Finally,some suggestions and prospects are put forward for the limitations and research prospects of natural fibers in photo-driven applications,which provides a new idea for the synthesis of renewable functional materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42201312,No.42301538Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2022QD118。
文摘The transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio(T/ET)is a crucial indicator of the carbon-water cycle and energy balance.Despite the marked seasonality of warming and greening patterns,the differential responses of T/ET to environmental changes across the seasons remain unclear.To address this,we employed a model-data fusion method,integrating the Priestley–Taylor Jet Propulsion Lab model with observational datasets,to analyze the seasonal trends of T/ET in China’s terrestrial ecosystems from 1981 to 2021.The results showed that T/ET significantly increased in spring,summer,and autumn,with growth rates of 0.0018 a^(–1)(p<0.01),0.0024 a^(–1)(p<0.01),and 0.0013 a^(–1)(p<0.01),respectively,whereas the winter trends remained statistically insignificant throughout the study period.Leaf area index dynamics were identified as the primary driver of the increase in T/ET during summer,accounting for 79%of the trend.By contrast,climate change was the main contributor to the rising T/ET trends in spring and autumn,accounting for 72%and 77%of the T/ET increase,respectively.Additionally,warming is pivotal for climate-driven changes in T/ET trends.This study elucidated seasonal variations in T/ET responses to environmental factors,offering critical insights for the sustainable management of ecosystems and accurate prediction of future environmental change impacts.
