Commercial carbonate electrolytes suffer from ion transport difficulty in bulk electrolytes and interphase at low temperatures,bringing challenges to the application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures.H...Commercial carbonate electrolytes suffer from ion transport difficulty in bulk electrolytes and interphase at low temperatures,bringing challenges to the application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures.Herein,the ester solvent of methyl propionate(MP)with low melting point and low viscosity was used to tackle ion transport difficulty in electrolytes.Fluorinated ester was further added to accelerate interfacial transport through intermolecular interactions.The influence of fluorinated esters with different fluorination degrees on the solvation structure of electrolytes and the performance of batteries was further studied.As a result,methyl pentafluoropropionate(M5F)with five fluorine atoms was selected for its optimal interactions with both Li+and MP solvent in the primary solvation structure,contributing to desired solvation structure for fast interfacial transport.The LiFePO4(LFP)||graphite cell with LiFSI-MP-M5F electrolyte exhibited a high cyclability of 85.8%after 120 cycles and retained 81.2%of room-temperature capacity when charged and discharged at−30℃.1 Ah LFP||graphite pouch cell with high cathode loading(20 mg/cm^(2))in LiFSI-MP-M5F electrolyte exhibited 0.85 Ah capacity when charged and discharged at−20℃.This work provides a guidance for electrolyte design by synergistic fluorinated and non-fluorinated solvents for LIBs at low-temperature application.展开更多
This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fati...This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fatigue was induced using an upper limb ergometer or a lower limb ergometer,with the load increasing gradually each minute.fNIRS covering the prefrontal cortex and motor cortex were used to collect data during the resting state,both before and after fatigue induction.A two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine differences in oxyhemoglobin(HbO_(2))and functional connectivity before and after fatigue induction in both groups,with the significance level set at 0.05.Exercise-induced fatigue in both the upper and lower limbs leads to a significant decrease in cerebral cortical oxygenation levels.Upper limb fatigue leads to a significant reduction in functional connectivity,there were significant decreases in connectivity within the motor cortex,between the motor cortex and frontal regions,and between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and other frontal regions.Conversely,no significant changes were observed before and after lower limb fatigue.Future studies should focus on examining the extent to which how changes in the cerebral cortex,induced by exercise fatigue,are linked to exercise-and/or performance-related outcomes.展开更多
Electrically controlled solid propellant(ECSP)offers multiple ignition and adjustable burning rate,serving as fuel for next-generation intelligent propulsion systems.To further enhance the combustion performance of EC...Electrically controlled solid propellant(ECSP)offers multiple ignition and adjustable burning rate,serving as fuel for next-generation intelligent propulsion systems.To further enhance the combustion performance of ECSP,a method utilizing electrochemical and thermal decomposition catalysts has been proposed.In this work,we investigated the combustion characteristics of hydroxylamine nitrate(HAN)-based ECSP incorporating cerium oxide(CeO_(2))and graphene oxide(GO)by using an electrically controlled combustion test system.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)were used to measure the electrical conductibility and overpotential of ECSP with various additives,and Tafel curves were calculated.Thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC)was employed to investigate the thermal decomposition behavior of ECSP.While the addition of CeO_(2) and GO reduced the conductivity of ECSP,both catalysts exhibited strong electrocatalytic properties and facilitated the thermal decomposition of ECSP.Between two catalysts,GO demonstrated superior electrochemical catalytic performance but weaker thermal decomposition catalytic ability than CeO_(2).The addition of catalysts significantly enhanced the combustion performance of HAN-based ECSP.Specifically,the ignition delay time was shortened by 10%~20%.CeO_(2) raised the burning rate by approximately 20%but GO exhibited a remarkable boost of 40%in burning rate at high voltage.The combination of GO and PVA produced a flame-retardant substance that negatively impacted the ignition delay of ECSP and resulted in a smaller increase in the burning rate of ECSP at low ignition voltages.展开更多
As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the e...As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the early 1990s, China has begun to implement the paid use and formed an institutional system comprised of three levels after developing it for more than two decades. From 2002 to 2015, the Chinese Government transferred the use right of sea area of 33,910 km2 by paid use and levied a total of 75.89 billion CNY (11.328 billion US dollars) of sea area use payment. Apart from this, the Government has gained rich experience in operating and managing the compensable use of sea area. After retrospectively analyzing the development history of paid use of China’s sea area, the research presents an institutional structure and the implementation of the management system for the paid use of sea area and the main problems therein. On this basis, management policies and feasible policy suggestions are proposed. Research results from this study can provide available references for other developing countries and emerging economies to apply and improve native management system for the paid use of sea area.展开更多
High-Entropy Alloys(HEAs)exhibit significant potential across multiple domains due to their unique properties.However,conventional research methodologies face limitations in composition design,property prediction,and ...High-Entropy Alloys(HEAs)exhibit significant potential across multiple domains due to their unique properties.However,conventional research methodologies face limitations in composition design,property prediction,and process optimization,characterized by low efficiency and high costs.The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies has provided innovative solutions for HEAs research.This review presented a detailed overview of recent advancements in AI applications for structural modeling and mechanical property prediction of HEAs.Furthermore,it discussed the advantages of big data analytics in facilitating alloy composition design and screening,quality control,and defect prediction,as well as the construction and sharing of specialized material databases.The paper also addressed the existing challenges in current AI-driven HEAs research,including issues related to data quality,model interpretability,and cross-domain knowledge integration.Additionally,it proposed prospects for the synergistic development of AI-enhanced computational materials science and experimental validation systems.展开更多
</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verd...</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this article is </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to investigate the clinical value of TB-IGRA</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Tuberculosis-Interferon </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gamma Release Assay), PPD (Intradermal </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Terbuculin Test), TB-DNA-PCR (Tuberculosis-Deoxyribonucleic-Polymerase</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Chain Reaction) and TB-Ab (Tuberculosis-Antibody) in diagnosing silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. <b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">53 cases of suspected silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected in the time span ranging from February 2017 to May 2019. TB-IGRA test, PPD test, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab detection were performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed in 11 cases, with an incidence of 20.75%. The positive rates of TB-IGRA, PPD, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab were 66.04%, 30.19%, 5.67% and 26.42%, respectively. The sensitivity was 90.91%, 81.82%, 27.27% and 54.55% respectively. The specificity was 42.86%, 80.95%, 100% and 80.95% respectively. The positive predictive values were 28.57%, 50%, 100% and 42.86% respectively. The negative predictive values were 94.44%, 91.89%, 84% and 87.18%. The positive rate, sensitivity and negative predictive value of TB-IGRA were the highest, while the specificity of TB-DNA-PCR was the highest yet with low positive rate, sensitivity and positive predictive value. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The positive rate and sensitivity of TB-IGRA were high, yet with poor specificity, so it was impossible to judge whether the cases belonged to active pulmonary tuberculosis. The combination of PPD and TB-DNA-PCR could improve the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and the diagnostic accuracy of active pulmonary tuberculosis, which showed satisfactory clinical value.展开更多
The authors apologize for the erroneous transcription of the average chemical composition data of Apollo lunar soil samples in Table 4.The difference in chemical composition between lunar regolith simulants and actual...The authors apologize for the erroneous transcription of the average chemical composition data of Apollo lunar soil samples in Table 4.The difference in chemical composition between lunar regolith simulants and actual lunar samples is an important indicator for evaluating their similarity.For comparison,Table 4 lists the chemical compositions of Apollo 12,Apollo 14,Apollo 15,Apollo 16,and other classic lunar regolith simulants.However,the Apollo lunar soil data in the original Table 4 contained errors,which have been corrected in this corrigendum.展开更多
Given the limitations of traditional hot extrusion methods in improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys,this paper attempts to treat AZ31 Mg alloy billet by pre-upsetting continuous...Given the limitations of traditional hot extrusion methods in improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys,this paper attempts to treat AZ31 Mg alloy billet by pre-upsetting continuous variable cross-section direct extrusion(U-CVCDE).The effects of dynamic recrystallization behavior and slip system activity on texture evolution and mechanical properties of CVCDE Mg alloys with different pre-upsetting amounts were systematically analyzed.The results indicate that the introduction of the pre-upsetting process promotes dynamic recrystallization during the CVCDE process.The recrystallization proportion shows a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of the pre-upsetting amount.Among them,the proportion of recrystallization grains in the U2-CVCDE-formed structural parts is as high as 88.3%.The average grain sizes of U1-CVCDE,U2-CVCDE,and U3-CVCDE were 6.01μm,4.90μm,and10.45μm,respectively.In addition,following U-CVCDE,the pyramidal slip of each forming component consistently maintains a high level of activation and opening and dominates,making more grains deflect in the axial extrusion direction of C to varying degrees,which is conducive to the uniform distribution of stress in more grains during plastic deformation.The synergistic effect of dynamic recrystallization behavior and the high activity of the pyramidal slip system significantly weakened the(0001)basal texture strength,and the maximum basal texture strength showed a gradually decreasing trend,among which the base surface texture strength of U3-CVCDE formed parts was only 9.9.The U-CVCDE process is employed to achieve deep modification of Mg alloy,and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained;among them,the yield and tensile strength of U2-CVCDE are as high as 243.4 MPa and 317.5 MPa,respectively,and the elongation after breaking is up to 21.3%.This study introduces a practical new idea for investigating the extrusion forming technology of high-performance Mg alloys.展开更多
Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.H...Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.However,several challenges still remain for the application of perovskite single crystals in photodetectors,in particular the thickness and area controls and poor compatibility with substrates.Herein,we report a straightforward fabrication process for realizing large-area(up to 100 cm^(2))and highly textured single-crystal-like MAPbBr3 films by combining inverse-temperature crystallization with a hot-pressing process.Thanks to the following hot-pressing treatment,the obtained perovskites can be effectively integrated onto the FTO substrates without falling,facilitating electrical connections and device integration.The obtained MAPbBr_(3) exhibits a low trap density of 1.4×10^(11) cm^(-3) and a high mobility of 217 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)(with a high mobility-lifetime product of up to 5.4×10^(-4)cm^(2)·V^(-1)).The resulting photodiodes exhibit the self-powered capability and show a maximum responsivity approaching 944 mA·W^(-1),a champion detectivity exceeding 1011 Jones,and a fast photoresponse of 45 ms,together with excellent stability.This study constitutes a demonstration of highly textured,largearea perovskite photodiodes integrated sturdily onto FTO substrates and paves the way for various practical applications,such as optical imaging technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Due to their significantly lower incidence than colorectal polyps and macroscopic features resembling those of hyperplastic polyps,rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)are frequently misdiagnosed and resected...BACKGROUND Due to their significantly lower incidence than colorectal polyps and macroscopic features resembling those of hyperplastic polyps,rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)are frequently misdiagnosed and resected as polyps.To date,no reports have been written on the application of artificial intelligence for assisting in the white-light endoscopy of rNETs.AIM To establish a neuroendocrine tumor lesion detection algorithm based on the YOLOv7 model and evaluate the performance of the algorithm in identifying neuroendocrine tumors.METHODS In total,137748 white-light endoscopic images were collected in this study,including 2232 images of rNET,4429 images of submucosal lesions other than rNET,42563 images of polyps,and 88593 images of normal mucosa.All the images were randomly divided into a training set,a validation set,and a test set.To evaluate the ability of the algorithm to diagnose rNETs,we selected 1578 images to form the test set.The performance of the algorithm was compared with that of endoscopists at different levels.RESULTS The accuracy of the algorithm in identifying rNET from all the images was 97.8%,the sensitivity was 72.6%,the specificity was 99.7%,the positive predictive value was 93.9%,and the negative predictive value was 98.1%.CONCLUSION Our model,which was based on YOLOv7,could effectively detect rNET lesions,which was better than that of most endoscopists.展开更多
This paper systematically analyzed the development status of sheep industry in Lubei region,and comprehensively expounded the scale and distribution of key industries,breed resources and genetic characteristics,feedin...This paper systematically analyzed the development status of sheep industry in Lubei region,and comprehensively expounded the scale and distribution of key industries,breed resources and genetic characteristics,feeding management status,disease prevention and control and veterinary services,and sheep product processing and sales.The research shows that the sheep industry in Lubei region has formed a certain scale,but there are some problems such as intensified resource and environmental constraints,unreasonable industrial structure,insufficient scientific and technological innovation capacity and market competitiveness to be improved.In view of these problems,this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of the industry,including establishing forage and feed system,promoting the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure,strengthening scientific and technological innovation and talent cultivation and introduction,and enhancing brand influence and market competitiveness,providing useful reference for the sustainable development of sheep industry in Lubei region.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SZ),a chronic and widespread brain disorder,presents with complex etiology and pathogenesis that remain inadequately understood.Despite the absence of a universally recognized endophenotype,pe...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SZ),a chronic and widespread brain disorder,presents with complex etiology and pathogenesis that remain inadequately understood.Despite the absence of a universally recognized endophenotype,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)serve as a robust model for investigating intracellular alterations linked to SZ.AIM To preliminarily investigate potential pathogenic mechanisms and identify novel biomarkers for SZ.METHODS PBMCs from SZ patients were subjected to integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to uncover differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially expressed proteins while mapping putative disease-associated signaling pathways.Key findings were validated using western blot(WB)and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).RNAi-lentivirus was employed to transfect rat hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro,with subsequent verification of target gene expression via RT-qPCR.The levels of neuronal conduction proteins,including calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(caMKII),CREB,and BDNF,were assessed through WB.Apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry,while cell proliferation and viability were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.RESULTS The integration of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified 6079 co-expressed genes,among which 25 DEGs were significantly altered between the SZ group and healthy controls.Notably,haptoglobin(HP),lactotransferrin(LTF),and SERPING1 exhibited marked upregulation.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis implicated neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways in disease pathogenesis.Clinical sample validation demonstrated elevated protein and mRNA levels of HP,LTF,and SERPING1 in the SZ group compared to controls.WB analysis of all clinical samples further corroborated the significant upregulation of SERPING1.In hippocampal CA1 neurons transfected with lentivirus,reduced SERPING1 expression was accompanied by increased levels of CaMKII,CREB,and BDNF,enhanced cell viability,and reduced apoptosis.CONCLUSION SERPING1 may suppress neural cell proliferation in SZ patients via modulation of the CaMKII-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.展开更多
The effects of synthesis conditions,especially the heating rate,on the reaction kinetics of Ni-rich cathodes were systematically studied.The growth rate of Ni-rich oxide increases continuously as the heating rate incr...The effects of synthesis conditions,especially the heating rate,on the reaction kinetics of Ni-rich cathodes were systematically studied.The growth rate of Ni-rich oxide increases continuously as the heating rate increases.Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that a high heating rate induces anabatic oscillations,indicating a decrease in thermodynamic stability and a tendency for the crystal surface to undergo reconstruction.The presence of an intermediate phase at the grain boundary amplifies atomic migration-induced interface fusion and consequently augments crystal growth kinetics.However,the excessively high heating rate aggravates the Li+/Ni2+mixing in the Ni-rich cathode.The single-crystal Ni-rich cathode exhibits enhanced structural/thermal stability but a decreased specific capacity and rate performance compared with its polycrystalline counterpart.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3803400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52102054,52020105010,51927803,52188101 and 52072378)+1 种基金Liaoning Province Science and Technology Planning Project(No.2022-BS-007)Fujian Science and Technology Program(No.2023T3025).
文摘Commercial carbonate electrolytes suffer from ion transport difficulty in bulk electrolytes and interphase at low temperatures,bringing challenges to the application of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures.Herein,the ester solvent of methyl propionate(MP)with low melting point and low viscosity was used to tackle ion transport difficulty in electrolytes.Fluorinated ester was further added to accelerate interfacial transport through intermolecular interactions.The influence of fluorinated esters with different fluorination degrees on the solvation structure of electrolytes and the performance of batteries was further studied.As a result,methyl pentafluoropropionate(M5F)with five fluorine atoms was selected for its optimal interactions with both Li+and MP solvent in the primary solvation structure,contributing to desired solvation structure for fast interfacial transport.The LiFePO4(LFP)||graphite cell with LiFSI-MP-M5F electrolyte exhibited a high cyclability of 85.8%after 120 cycles and retained 81.2%of room-temperature capacity when charged and discharged at−30℃.1 Ah LFP||graphite pouch cell with high cathode loading(20 mg/cm^(2))in LiFSI-MP-M5F electrolyte exhibited 0.85 Ah capacity when charged and discharged at−20℃.This work provides a guidance for electrolyte design by synergistic fluorinated and non-fluorinated solvents for LIBs at low-temperature application.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[NO.11932013].
文摘This study aims to explore the impact of fatigue induced by different limb exercises on cerebral cortical oxygenation levels and functional connectivity strength using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Fatigue was induced using an upper limb ergometer or a lower limb ergometer,with the load increasing gradually each minute.fNIRS covering the prefrontal cortex and motor cortex were used to collect data during the resting state,both before and after fatigue induction.A two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine differences in oxyhemoglobin(HbO_(2))and functional connectivity before and after fatigue induction in both groups,with the significance level set at 0.05.Exercise-induced fatigue in both the upper and lower limbs leads to a significant decrease in cerebral cortical oxygenation levels.Upper limb fatigue leads to a significant reduction in functional connectivity,there were significant decreases in connectivity within the motor cortex,between the motor cortex and frontal regions,and between the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and other frontal regions.Conversely,no significant changes were observed before and after lower limb fatigue.Future studies should focus on examining the extent to which how changes in the cerebral cortex,induced by exercise fatigue,are linked to exercise-and/or performance-related outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12074187).
文摘Electrically controlled solid propellant(ECSP)offers multiple ignition and adjustable burning rate,serving as fuel for next-generation intelligent propulsion systems.To further enhance the combustion performance of ECSP,a method utilizing electrochemical and thermal decomposition catalysts has been proposed.In this work,we investigated the combustion characteristics of hydroxylamine nitrate(HAN)-based ECSP incorporating cerium oxide(CeO_(2))and graphene oxide(GO)by using an electrically controlled combustion test system.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and linear sweep voltammetry(LSV)were used to measure the electrical conductibility and overpotential of ECSP with various additives,and Tafel curves were calculated.Thermogravimetric analysis coupled with differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC)was employed to investigate the thermal decomposition behavior of ECSP.While the addition of CeO_(2) and GO reduced the conductivity of ECSP,both catalysts exhibited strong electrocatalytic properties and facilitated the thermal decomposition of ECSP.Between two catalysts,GO demonstrated superior electrochemical catalytic performance but weaker thermal decomposition catalytic ability than CeO_(2).The addition of catalysts significantly enhanced the combustion performance of HAN-based ECSP.Specifically,the ignition delay time was shortened by 10%~20%.CeO_(2) raised the burning rate by approximately 20%but GO exhibited a remarkable boost of 40%in burning rate at high voltage.The combination of GO and PVA produced a flame-retardant substance that negatively impacted the ignition delay of ECSP and resulted in a smaller increase in the burning rate of ECSP at low ignition voltages.
文摘As a carrier to develop various marine resources, sea area is regulated as a kind of important resources through legislation by many coastal countries with a management system for the paid use of sea area. Since the early 1990s, China has begun to implement the paid use and formed an institutional system comprised of three levels after developing it for more than two decades. From 2002 to 2015, the Chinese Government transferred the use right of sea area of 33,910 km2 by paid use and levied a total of 75.89 billion CNY (11.328 billion US dollars) of sea area use payment. Apart from this, the Government has gained rich experience in operating and managing the compensable use of sea area. After retrospectively analyzing the development history of paid use of China’s sea area, the research presents an institutional structure and the implementation of the management system for the paid use of sea area and the main problems therein. On this basis, management policies and feasible policy suggestions are proposed. Research results from this study can provide available references for other developing countries and emerging economies to apply and improve native management system for the paid use of sea area.
文摘High-Entropy Alloys(HEAs)exhibit significant potential across multiple domains due to their unique properties.However,conventional research methodologies face limitations in composition design,property prediction,and process optimization,characterized by low efficiency and high costs.The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies has provided innovative solutions for HEAs research.This review presented a detailed overview of recent advancements in AI applications for structural modeling and mechanical property prediction of HEAs.Furthermore,it discussed the advantages of big data analytics in facilitating alloy composition design and screening,quality control,and defect prediction,as well as the construction and sharing of specialized material databases.The paper also addressed the existing challenges in current AI-driven HEAs research,including issues related to data quality,model interpretability,and cross-domain knowledge integration.Additionally,it proposed prospects for the synergistic development of AI-enhanced computational materials science and experimental validation systems.
文摘</span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Purpose</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The purpose of this article is </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to investigate the clinical value of TB-IGRA</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Tuberculosis-Interferon </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Gamma Release Assay), PPD (Intradermal </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Terbuculin Test), TB-DNA-PCR (Tuberculosis-Deoxyribonucleic-Polymerase</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Chain Reaction) and TB-Ab (Tuberculosis-Antibody) in diagnosing silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. <b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">53 cases of suspected silicosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected in the time span ranging from February 2017 to May 2019. TB-IGRA test, PPD test, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab detection were performed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Silicosis and pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed in 11 cases, with an incidence of 20.75%. The positive rates of TB-IGRA, PPD, TB-DNA-PCR and TB-Ab were 66.04%, 30.19%, 5.67% and 26.42%, respectively. The sensitivity was 90.91%, 81.82%, 27.27% and 54.55% respectively. The specificity was 42.86%, 80.95%, 100% and 80.95% respectively. The positive predictive values were 28.57%, 50%, 100% and 42.86% respectively. The negative predictive values were 94.44%, 91.89%, 84% and 87.18%. The positive rate, sensitivity and negative predictive value of TB-IGRA were the highest, while the specificity of TB-DNA-PCR was the highest yet with low positive rate, sensitivity and positive predictive value. </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></b></span></span></span><span><span><b><span style="font-family:""> </span></b></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The positive rate and sensitivity of TB-IGRA were high, yet with poor specificity, so it was impossible to judge whether the cases belonged to active pulmonary tuberculosis. The combination of PPD and TB-DNA-PCR could improve the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and the diagnostic accuracy of active pulmonary tuberculosis, which showed satisfactory clinical value.
文摘The authors apologize for the erroneous transcription of the average chemical composition data of Apollo lunar soil samples in Table 4.The difference in chemical composition between lunar regolith simulants and actual lunar samples is an important indicator for evaluating their similarity.For comparison,Table 4 lists the chemical compositions of Apollo 12,Apollo 14,Apollo 15,Apollo 16,and other classic lunar regolith simulants.However,the Apollo lunar soil data in the original Table 4 contained errors,which have been corrected in this corrigendum.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52475341)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.JQ2022E004)。
文摘Given the limitations of traditional hot extrusion methods in improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys,this paper attempts to treat AZ31 Mg alloy billet by pre-upsetting continuous variable cross-section direct extrusion(U-CVCDE).The effects of dynamic recrystallization behavior and slip system activity on texture evolution and mechanical properties of CVCDE Mg alloys with different pre-upsetting amounts were systematically analyzed.The results indicate that the introduction of the pre-upsetting process promotes dynamic recrystallization during the CVCDE process.The recrystallization proportion shows a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of the pre-upsetting amount.Among them,the proportion of recrystallization grains in the U2-CVCDE-formed structural parts is as high as 88.3%.The average grain sizes of U1-CVCDE,U2-CVCDE,and U3-CVCDE were 6.01μm,4.90μm,and10.45μm,respectively.In addition,following U-CVCDE,the pyramidal slip of each forming component consistently maintains a high level of activation and opening and dominates,making more grains deflect in the axial extrusion direction of C to varying degrees,which is conducive to the uniform distribution of stress in more grains during plastic deformation.The synergistic effect of dynamic recrystallization behavior and the high activity of the pyramidal slip system significantly weakened the(0001)basal texture strength,and the maximum basal texture strength showed a gradually decreasing trend,among which the base surface texture strength of U3-CVCDE formed parts was only 9.9.The U-CVCDE process is employed to achieve deep modification of Mg alloy,and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained;among them,the yield and tensile strength of U2-CVCDE are as high as 243.4 MPa and 317.5 MPa,respectively,and the elongation after breaking is up to 21.3%.This study introduces a practical new idea for investigating the extrusion forming technology of high-performance Mg alloys.
基金the financial support from the University of Sydney International Stipend Scholarship and the University of Sydney Tuition Fee Scholarshipthe support of The University of Sydney Physics Foundation as well as the facilities and technician assistance from the Sydney Microscopy&Microanalysis,Sydney Analytical,and Research Prototype&Foundry at The University of Sydney。
文摘Organometallic perovskite single crystals have been considered one of the most promising candidates for photodetection applications,owing to their grain-boundary-free structure and improved optoelectronic properties.However,several challenges still remain for the application of perovskite single crystals in photodetectors,in particular the thickness and area controls and poor compatibility with substrates.Herein,we report a straightforward fabrication process for realizing large-area(up to 100 cm^(2))and highly textured single-crystal-like MAPbBr3 films by combining inverse-temperature crystallization with a hot-pressing process.Thanks to the following hot-pressing treatment,the obtained perovskites can be effectively integrated onto the FTO substrates without falling,facilitating electrical connections and device integration.The obtained MAPbBr_(3) exhibits a low trap density of 1.4×10^(11) cm^(-3) and a high mobility of 217 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)(with a high mobility-lifetime product of up to 5.4×10^(-4)cm^(2)·V^(-1)).The resulting photodiodes exhibit the self-powered capability and show a maximum responsivity approaching 944 mA·W^(-1),a champion detectivity exceeding 1011 Jones,and a fast photoresponse of 45 ms,together with excellent stability.This study constitutes a demonstration of highly textured,largearea perovskite photodiodes integrated sturdily onto FTO substrates and paves the way for various practical applications,such as optical imaging technology.
基金Supported by the Municipal Key Science and Technology Program of Leshan,No.23SZD039National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82470539.
文摘BACKGROUND Due to their significantly lower incidence than colorectal polyps and macroscopic features resembling those of hyperplastic polyps,rectal neuroendocrine tumors(rNETs)are frequently misdiagnosed and resected as polyps.To date,no reports have been written on the application of artificial intelligence for assisting in the white-light endoscopy of rNETs.AIM To establish a neuroendocrine tumor lesion detection algorithm based on the YOLOv7 model and evaluate the performance of the algorithm in identifying neuroendocrine tumors.METHODS In total,137748 white-light endoscopic images were collected in this study,including 2232 images of rNET,4429 images of submucosal lesions other than rNET,42563 images of polyps,and 88593 images of normal mucosa.All the images were randomly divided into a training set,a validation set,and a test set.To evaluate the ability of the algorithm to diagnose rNETs,we selected 1578 images to form the test set.The performance of the algorithm was compared with that of endoscopists at different levels.RESULTS The accuracy of the algorithm in identifying rNET from all the images was 97.8%,the sensitivity was 72.6%,the specificity was 99.7%,the positive predictive value was 93.9%,and the negative predictive value was 98.1%.CONCLUSION Our model,which was based on YOLOv7,could effectively detect rNET lesions,which was better than that of most endoscopists.
基金Supported by Binzhou Social Science Planning Project(25-SKGH-063)Shandong Agricultural Innovation Team Project(SDAIT-10-06,SDAIT-23-10).
文摘This paper systematically analyzed the development status of sheep industry in Lubei region,and comprehensively expounded the scale and distribution of key industries,breed resources and genetic characteristics,feeding management status,disease prevention and control and veterinary services,and sheep product processing and sales.The research shows that the sheep industry in Lubei region has formed a certain scale,but there are some problems such as intensified resource and environmental constraints,unreasonable industrial structure,insufficient scientific and technological innovation capacity and market competitiveness to be improved.In view of these problems,this paper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of the industry,including establishing forage and feed system,promoting the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure,strengthening scientific and technological innovation and talent cultivation and introduction,and enhancing brand influence and market competitiveness,providing useful reference for the sustainable development of sheep industry in Lubei region.
基金Supported by the Key R&D Projects of Hainan Province,No.ZDYF2022SHFZ295.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia(SZ),a chronic and widespread brain disorder,presents with complex etiology and pathogenesis that remain inadequately understood.Despite the absence of a universally recognized endophenotype,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)serve as a robust model for investigating intracellular alterations linked to SZ.AIM To preliminarily investigate potential pathogenic mechanisms and identify novel biomarkers for SZ.METHODS PBMCs from SZ patients were subjected to integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to uncover differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially expressed proteins while mapping putative disease-associated signaling pathways.Key findings were validated using western blot(WB)and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).RNAi-lentivirus was employed to transfect rat hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro,with subsequent verification of target gene expression via RT-qPCR.The levels of neuronal conduction proteins,including calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(caMKII),CREB,and BDNF,were assessed through WB.Apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry,while cell proliferation and viability were evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.RESULTS The integration of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified 6079 co-expressed genes,among which 25 DEGs were significantly altered between the SZ group and healthy controls.Notably,haptoglobin(HP),lactotransferrin(LTF),and SERPING1 exhibited marked upregulation.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis implicated neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways in disease pathogenesis.Clinical sample validation demonstrated elevated protein and mRNA levels of HP,LTF,and SERPING1 in the SZ group compared to controls.WB analysis of all clinical samples further corroborated the significant upregulation of SERPING1.In hippocampal CA1 neurons transfected with lentivirus,reduced SERPING1 expression was accompanied by increased levels of CaMKII,CREB,and BDNF,enhanced cell viability,and reduced apoptosis.CONCLUSION SERPING1 may suppress neural cell proliferation in SZ patients via modulation of the CaMKII-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22379052)Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province,China(No.tsqnz20221143)。
文摘The effects of synthesis conditions,especially the heating rate,on the reaction kinetics of Ni-rich cathodes were systematically studied.The growth rate of Ni-rich oxide increases continuously as the heating rate increases.Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that a high heating rate induces anabatic oscillations,indicating a decrease in thermodynamic stability and a tendency for the crystal surface to undergo reconstruction.The presence of an intermediate phase at the grain boundary amplifies atomic migration-induced interface fusion and consequently augments crystal growth kinetics.However,the excessively high heating rate aggravates the Li+/Ni2+mixing in the Ni-rich cathode.The single-crystal Ni-rich cathode exhibits enhanced structural/thermal stability but a decreased specific capacity and rate performance compared with its polycrystalline counterpart.
