Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells en...Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells encounter various obstacles,including limited tissue sources,invasive acquisition methods,cellular heterogeneity,purification challenges,cellular senescence,and diminished pluripotency and proliferation over successive passages.In this study,we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells,known for their self-renewal capacity,multilineage differentiation potential,and immunomodulatory characteristics.We used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in conjunction with acellular nerve allografts to address a 10 mm-long defect in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.Our findings reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit survival for up to 17 days in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury with acellular nerve allograft transplantation.Furthermore,the combination of acellular nerve allograft and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly accelerates the regeneration of injured axons and improves behavioral function recovery in rats.Additionally,our in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells play a pivotal role in promoting neovascularization.Collectively,our results suggest the potential of acellular nerve allografts with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells to augment nerve regeneration in rats,offering promising therapeutic strategies for clinical translation.展开更多
The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery separators is a critical determinant of battery safety and performance,especially in the context of rapidly expanding applications in electric vehicles and energy storage s...The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery separators is a critical determinant of battery safety and performance,especially in the context of rapidly expanding applications in electric vehicles and energy storage systems.While traditional polyolefin separators(PP/PE)dominate the market due to their cost-effectiveness and mechanical robustness,their inherent poor thermal stability poses significant safety risks under high-temperature conditions.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in enhancing separator thermal stability through coating materials(metal,ceramic,inorganic)and novel high-temperature-resistant polymers(e.g.,PVDF copolymers,PI,PAN).Notably,we critically evaluate the trade-offs between thermal resilience and electrochemical performance,such as the unintended increase in electronic conductivity from metal coatings(e.g.,Cu,MOFs)and reduced electrolyte wettability in ceramic coatings(e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3)).Innovations in hybrid coatings(e.g.,BN/PAN composites,gradient-structured MOFs)and scalable manufacturing techniques(e.g.,roll-to-roll electrospinning)are highlighted as promising strategies to balance these competing demands.Furthermore,a comparative analysis of next-generation high-temperature-resistant separators underscores their ionic conductivity,mechanical strength,and scalability,offering actionable insights for material selection.The review concludes with forward-looking perspectives on integrating machine learning for material discovery,optimizing interfacial adhesion in ceramic coatings,and advancing semi-/all-solid-state batteries to address both thermal and electrochemical challenges.This work aims to bridge the gap between laboratory innovations and industrial applications,fostering safer and more efficient lithium battery technologies.展开更多
Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is the research focus in the field of energy development as an environmentally friendly and low cost technology. MEOR can bes divided into indigenous microbial oil recovery and e...Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is the research focus in the field of energy development as an environmentally friendly and low cost technology. MEOR can bes divided into indigenous microbial oil recovery and exogenous microbial oil recovery. The ultimate goal of indigenous microbial flooding is to enhance oil recovery via stimulation of specific indigenous microorganisms by injecting optimal nutrients. For studying the specific rule to activate the indigenous community during the long-term injection period, a series of indigenous displacement flooding experiments were carried out by using the long-core physical simulation test. The experimental results have shown that the movement of nutrients components (i.e., carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus) differed from the consumption of them. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the nutrients concentration and bacteria concentration once observed in the produced fluid. And the trend of concentration of acetic acid was consistent with that of methanogens. When adding same activators, the impacts of selective activators to stimulate the indigenous microorganisms became worse along with the injection period, which led to less oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent,spontaneous,and synchronous seizures.The pathogenesis of epilepsy,known as epileptogenesis,involves intricate changes in neurons,neuroglia,an...Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent,spontaneous,and synchronous seizures.The pathogenesis of epilepsy,known as epileptogenesis,involves intricate changes in neurons,neuroglia,and endothelium,leading to structural and functional disorders within neurovascular units and culminating in the development of spontaneous epilepsy.Although current research on epilepsy treatments primarily centers around anti-seizure drugs,it is imperative to seek effective interventions capable of disrupting epileptogenesis.To this end,a comprehensive exploration of the changes and the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis holds the promise of identifying vital biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and potential therapeutic targets.Emphasizing early diagnosis and timely intervention is paramount,as it stands to significantly improve patient prognosis and alleviate the socioeconomic burden.In this review,we highlight the changes and molecular mechanisms of the neurovascular unit in epileptogenesis and provide a theoretical basis for identifying biomarkers and drug targets.展开更多
A novel Pt@ZnO nanorod/carbon fiber （NR/CF） with hierarchical structure was prepared by atomic layer deposition combined with hydrothermal synthesis and magnetron sputtering （MS）. The morphology of Pt changes from...A novel Pt@ZnO nanorod/carbon fiber （NR/CF） with hierarchical structure was prepared by atomic layer deposition combined with hydrothermal synthesis and magnetron sputtering （MS）. The morphology of Pt changes from nanoparticle to nanorod bundle with controlled thickness of Pt between 10 and 50 nm. Significantly, with the increase of voltage from 0 to 0.6 V （vs. standard calomel electrode）, the prompt photocurrent generated on ZnO NR/CF increases from 0235 to 0.725 mA. Besides, the Pt@ZnO NR/CF exhibited higher electrochemical active surface area （ECSA） value, better methanol oxidation ability and CO tolerance than Pt@CF, which demonstrated the importance of the multifunctional ZnO support. As the thickness of Pt increasing from 10 to 50 rim, the ECSA values were improved proportionally, leading to the improvement of methanol oxidation ability. More importantly, UV radiation increased the density of peak current of Pt@ZnO NR/CF towards methanol oxidation by additional 42.4%, which may be due to the synergy catalysis of UV light and electricity.展开更多
Inflammatory jaw bone diseases are common in stomatology,including periodontitis,peri-implantitis,medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,radiation osteomyelitis of the jaw,age-related osteoporosis,and other speci...Inflammatory jaw bone diseases are common in stomatology,including periodontitis,peri-implantitis,medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,radiation osteomyelitis of the jaw,age-related osteoporosis,and other specific infections.These diseases may lead to tooth loss and maxillofacial deformities,severely affecting patients'quality of life.Over the years,the reconstruction of jaw bone deficiency caused by inflammatory diseases has emerged as a medical and socioeconomic challenge.Therefore,exploring the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases associated with jaw bones is crucial for improving prognosis and developing new targeted therapies.Accumulating evidence indicates that the integrated bone formation and dysfunction arise from complex interactions among a network of multiple cell types,including osteoblast-associated cells,immune cells,blood vessels,and lymphatic vessels.However,the role of these different cells in the inflammatory process and the'rules'with which they interact are still not fully understood.Although many investigations have focused on specific pathological processes and molecular events in inflammatory jaw diseases,few articles offer a perspective of integration.Here,we review the changes and mechanisms of various cell types in inflammatory jaw diseases,with the hope of providing insights to drive future research in this field.展开更多
Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HN...Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HNF4A pathogenic mutations exhibit decreased responses to arginine and reduced plasma triglyceride levels,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the potential target genes transcriptionally regulated by HNF4A and explore its role in these metabolic pathways.Methods A stable 293T cell line expressing the HNF1A reporter was overexpressed with HNF4A.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was performed to analyze transcriptional differences.Transcription factor binding site prediction was then conducted to identify HNF4A binding motifs in the promoter regions of relevant target genes.Results RNA-seq results revealed a significant upregulation of transmembrane 4 L six family member 5(TM4SF5)mRNA in HNF4A-overexpressing cells.Transcription factor binding predictions suggested the presence of five potential HNF4A binding motifs in the TM4SF5 promoter.Finally,we confirmed that the DR1 site in the-57 to-48 region of the TM4SF5 promoter is the key binding motif for HNF4A.Conclusion This study identified TM4SF5 as a target gene of HNF4A and determined the key binding motif involved in its regulation.Given the role of TM4SF5 as an arginine sensor in mTOR signaling activation and triglyceride secretion,which closely aligns with phenotypes observed in MODY1 patients,our findings provide novel insights into the possible mechanisms by which HNF4A regulates triglyceride secretion in the liver and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32171356(to YW)Self-Support Research Projects of Shihezi University,No.ZZZC2021105(to WJ)+1 种基金Capital Medical University Natural Science Cultivation Fund,No.PYZ23044(to FQM)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,No.7244410(to JHD)。
文摘Previous research has demonstrated the feasibility of repairing nerve defects through acellular allogeneic nerve grafting with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.However,adult tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells encounter various obstacles,including limited tissue sources,invasive acquisition methods,cellular heterogeneity,purification challenges,cellular senescence,and diminished pluripotency and proliferation over successive passages.In this study,we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells,known for their self-renewal capacity,multilineage differentiation potential,and immunomodulatory characteristics.We used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in conjunction with acellular nerve allografts to address a 10 mm-long defect in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.Our findings reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit survival for up to 17 days in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury with acellular nerve allograft transplantation.Furthermore,the combination of acellular nerve allograft and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly accelerates the regeneration of injured axons and improves behavioral function recovery in rats.Additionally,our in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells play a pivotal role in promoting neovascularization.Collectively,our results suggest the potential of acellular nerve allografts with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells to augment nerve regeneration in rats,offering promising therapeutic strategies for clinical translation.
基金supported by Beijing Institute of Technology Student Innovation Training Program(BIT2024LH013).
文摘The thermal stability of lithium-ion battery separators is a critical determinant of battery safety and performance,especially in the context of rapidly expanding applications in electric vehicles and energy storage systems.While traditional polyolefin separators(PP/PE)dominate the market due to their cost-effectiveness and mechanical robustness,their inherent poor thermal stability poses significant safety risks under high-temperature conditions.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in enhancing separator thermal stability through coating materials(metal,ceramic,inorganic)and novel high-temperature-resistant polymers(e.g.,PVDF copolymers,PI,PAN).Notably,we critically evaluate the trade-offs between thermal resilience and electrochemical performance,such as the unintended increase in electronic conductivity from metal coatings(e.g.,Cu,MOFs)and reduced electrolyte wettability in ceramic coatings(e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3)).Innovations in hybrid coatings(e.g.,BN/PAN composites,gradient-structured MOFs)and scalable manufacturing techniques(e.g.,roll-to-roll electrospinning)are highlighted as promising strategies to balance these competing demands.Furthermore,a comparative analysis of next-generation high-temperature-resistant separators underscores their ionic conductivity,mechanical strength,and scalability,offering actionable insights for material selection.The review concludes with forward-looking perspectives on integrating machine learning for material discovery,optimizing interfacial adhesion in ceramic coatings,and advancing semi-/all-solid-state batteries to address both thermal and electrochemical challenges.This work aims to bridge the gap between laboratory innovations and industrial applications,fostering safer and more efficient lithium battery technologies.
文摘Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is the research focus in the field of energy development as an environmentally friendly and low cost technology. MEOR can bes divided into indigenous microbial oil recovery and exogenous microbial oil recovery. The ultimate goal of indigenous microbial flooding is to enhance oil recovery via stimulation of specific indigenous microorganisms by injecting optimal nutrients. For studying the specific rule to activate the indigenous community during the long-term injection period, a series of indigenous displacement flooding experiments were carried out by using the long-core physical simulation test. The experimental results have shown that the movement of nutrients components (i.e., carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus) differed from the consumption of them. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the nutrients concentration and bacteria concentration once observed in the produced fluid. And the trend of concentration of acetic acid was consistent with that of methanogens. When adding same activators, the impacts of selective activators to stimulate the indigenous microorganisms became worse along with the injection period, which led to less oil recovery efficiency.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(81930103)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(82104162)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210539).
文摘Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by recurrent,spontaneous,and synchronous seizures.The pathogenesis of epilepsy,known as epileptogenesis,involves intricate changes in neurons,neuroglia,and endothelium,leading to structural and functional disorders within neurovascular units and culminating in the development of spontaneous epilepsy.Although current research on epilepsy treatments primarily centers around anti-seizure drugs,it is imperative to seek effective interventions capable of disrupting epileptogenesis.To this end,a comprehensive exploration of the changes and the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis holds the promise of identifying vital biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and potential therapeutic targets.Emphasizing early diagnosis and timely intervention is paramount,as it stands to significantly improve patient prognosis and alleviate the socioeconomic burden.In this review,we highlight the changes and molecular mechanisms of the neurovascular unit in epileptogenesis and provide a theoretical basis for identifying biomarkers and drug targets.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program(2016YFC0204000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1510202)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Province Scientific Supporting Project(BK20170046and BE2015023)
文摘A novel Pt@ZnO nanorod/carbon fiber （NR/CF） with hierarchical structure was prepared by atomic layer deposition combined with hydrothermal synthesis and magnetron sputtering （MS）. The morphology of Pt changes from nanoparticle to nanorod bundle with controlled thickness of Pt between 10 and 50 nm. Significantly, with the increase of voltage from 0 to 0.6 V （vs. standard calomel electrode）, the prompt photocurrent generated on ZnO NR/CF increases from 0235 to 0.725 mA. Besides, the Pt@ZnO NR/CF exhibited higher electrochemical active surface area （ECSA） value, better methanol oxidation ability and CO tolerance than Pt@CF, which demonstrated the importance of the multifunctional ZnO support. As the thickness of Pt increasing from 10 to 50 rim, the ECSA values were improved proportionally, leading to the improvement of methanol oxidation ability. More importantly, UV radiation increased the density of peak current of Pt@ZnO NR/CF towards methanol oxidation by additional 42.4%, which may be due to the synergy catalysis of UV light and electricity.
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.PAPD-2018-87)Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through Science,Technology and Education-Jiangsu Provincial Research Hospital Cultivation Unit(Grant No.YJXYYJSDW4)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center(Grant No.CXZX202227).
文摘Inflammatory jaw bone diseases are common in stomatology,including periodontitis,peri-implantitis,medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw,radiation osteomyelitis of the jaw,age-related osteoporosis,and other specific infections.These diseases may lead to tooth loss and maxillofacial deformities,severely affecting patients'quality of life.Over the years,the reconstruction of jaw bone deficiency caused by inflammatory diseases has emerged as a medical and socioeconomic challenge.Therefore,exploring the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases associated with jaw bones is crucial for improving prognosis and developing new targeted therapies.Accumulating evidence indicates that the integrated bone formation and dysfunction arise from complex interactions among a network of multiple cell types,including osteoblast-associated cells,immune cells,blood vessels,and lymphatic vessels.However,the role of these different cells in the inflammatory process and the'rules'with which they interact are still not fully understood.Although many investigations have focused on specific pathological processes and molecular events in inflammatory jaw diseases,few articles offer a perspective of integration.Here,we review the changes and mechanisms of various cell types in inflammatory jaw diseases,with the hope of providing insights to drive future research in this field.
文摘Objective Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha(HNF4A)is a critical transcription factor in the liver and pancreas.Dysfunctions of HNF4A lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1(MODY1).Notably,MODY1 patients with HNF4A pathogenic mutations exhibit decreased responses to arginine and reduced plasma triglyceride levels,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the potential target genes transcriptionally regulated by HNF4A and explore its role in these metabolic pathways.Methods A stable 293T cell line expressing the HNF1A reporter was overexpressed with HNF4A.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was performed to analyze transcriptional differences.Transcription factor binding site prediction was then conducted to identify HNF4A binding motifs in the promoter regions of relevant target genes.Results RNA-seq results revealed a significant upregulation of transmembrane 4 L six family member 5(TM4SF5)mRNA in HNF4A-overexpressing cells.Transcription factor binding predictions suggested the presence of five potential HNF4A binding motifs in the TM4SF5 promoter.Finally,we confirmed that the DR1 site in the-57 to-48 region of the TM4SF5 promoter is the key binding motif for HNF4A.Conclusion This study identified TM4SF5 as a target gene of HNF4A and determined the key binding motif involved in its regulation.Given the role of TM4SF5 as an arginine sensor in mTOR signaling activation and triglyceride secretion,which closely aligns with phenotypes observed in MODY1 patients,our findings provide novel insights into the possible mechanisms by which HNF4A regulates triglyceride secretion in the liver and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas.
