摘要
为了研究实际工况下铸态、锻造态、热轧态、固溶态的不同N、Ni含量304L奥氏体不锈钢中铁素体相的组织演变行为特征,采用金相、扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法进行分析。结果表明,304L奥氏体试验钢中有少量铁素体存在,随着N、Ni元素含量逐渐增加,试验钢的奥氏体稳定性增强,铁素体含量逐渐减少。实际工业生产中不同状态的试验钢具有不同的组织形貌,铸态试验钢中主要由奥氏体基体相和骨架状铁素体构成;锻造态试验钢中,粗大奥氏体晶粒碎化,而铁素体形貌演变为孤岛状;热轧态试验钢中可观察到明显的动态再结晶行为特征,奥氏体相演变为细小等轴晶粒,而铁素体相呈条状、沿轧制方向分布于奥氏体晶界处;固溶态试验钢组织则由奥氏体基体与少量等轴化铁素体构成。着重阐述不同状态试验钢中残留铁素体的形貌、含量以及影响因素,以期为提高304类奥氏体不锈钢铁素体控制水平提供理论依据。
In order to investigate the microstructure evolution behavior and characteristics of the ferrite phase in 304L austenitic stainless steel with varying N and Ni contents under actual working conditions,a comprehensive analysis was conducted using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive spec-troscopy(EDS).The study encompassed samples in the cast,forged,hot-rolled,and solid solution states.The re-sults demonstrate that the experimental steels contain a limited amount of ferrite phase.Increasing N and Ni con-tents significantly enhances austenite stability,leading to progressive reduction in ferrite content.Distinct micro-structural characteristics are observed at different processing stages.The as-cast microstructure primarily consists of austenitic matrix with skeletal ferrite networks.During forging,fragmentation of coarse austenite grains occurrs ac-companied by transformation of ferrite into isolated island-like morphology.The hot-rolled specimens exhibit dy-namic recrystallization characteristics,featuring refined equiaxed austenite grains and elongate ferrite stringers a-ligned along rolling direction at austenite grain boundaries.The solution-treated steel ultimately develops a micro-structure comprising austenite matrix with minimal equiaxed ferrite precipitates.These findings provide valuable in-sights for microstructure control through composition optimization and thermomechanical processing in industrial production of 304L stainless steel.The morphology,volume fraction,and governing factors of residual ferrite in test steels under different conditions are elaborated,with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for enhancing fer-rite content control in 304-series austenitic stainless steels.
作者
申文旗
宋志刚
丰涵
吴晓涵
何建国
虞澜
SHEN Wenqil;SONG Zhigang;FENG Han;WU Xiaohan;HE Jianguo;YU Lan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Research Institute of Special Steels,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中国冶金》
北大核心
2025年第6期91-98,110,共9页
China Metallurgy
基金
河北省重点研发计划资助项目(23311004D)。
关键词
304L奥氏体不锈钢
实际工况
组织演变
奥氏体
铁素体
304L austenitic stainless steel
actual working condition
organizational evolution
austenite
ferrite
