Banana(Musa spp.)is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide,and plays a critical role in human diet and agricultural economies across tropical and subtropical regions,including China(Jiang et al.,2025;Wu et al....Banana(Musa spp.)is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide,and plays a critical role in human diet and agricultural economies across tropical and subtropical regions,including China(Jiang et al.,2025;Wu et al.,2025).However,its rapid softening severely limits shelf life,causing substantial economic losses during transport and storage.Recently,the enhanced shelf-life can be generated by compromising the key ripening regulators,such as RIN,but other fruit quality traits including flavor and color also can be impaired concurrently(Kitagawa et al.,2005).展开更多
Background:The survival benefits of pulmonary metastasectomy(PM)in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with pulmonary metastasis remain controversial.This study aimed to assess the survival effect of PM on CRC patients wit...Background:The survival benefits of pulmonary metastasectomy(PM)in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with pulmonary metastasis remain controversial.This study aimed to assess the survival effect of PM on CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis.Methods:Data from CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis were collected from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database between 2010 and 2020.A 1:1 propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was employed to minimize heterogeneity between the groups.Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the overall survival(OS)of CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis who underwent PM.Results:A total of 1,399 CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis were included;140 patients and 1,259 patients underwent PM and did not,respectively.After PSM,there were 140 patients in each group.Patients who underwent PM demonstrated a longer median OS than those who did not,in both the overall cohort and the PSM cohort.In the PSM cohort,the median OS was 51 months(95%confidence interval[CI],45-64 months)for CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis who underwent PM and 36 months(95%CI,31-42 months)for those who did not undergo PM.Additionally,Cox proportional hazard models indicated that PM was a significant protective factor for OS in CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis(hazard ratio:0.57;95%CI,0.41-0.80,P<0.01).Conclusion:PM prolongs the survival of CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis.展开更多
Organic magnetic semiconductors have aroused much attention for spintronic applications. However, it remains challenging to achieve organic semiconductors with strong room-temperature ferromagnetism. Here, we report a...Organic magnetic semiconductors have aroused much attention for spintronic applications. However, it remains challenging to achieve organic semiconductors with strong room-temperature ferromagnetism. Here, we report a two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal organic-inorganic ferrimagnetic (FIM) semiconductor of Fe_(14)Se_(16)(peha)_(0.7) (peha = pentaethylenehexamine) with excellent thermal stability and a Curie temperature (T_(C)) higher than 519 K. Magnetic and Mössbauer measurements reveal a long-range magnetic ordering in single crystalline Fe_(14)Se_(16)(peha)0.7 nanosheets. The saturation magnetization and coercivity are 5.9 emu g^(−1) and 0.42 kOe at 5 K, which slightly reduces to 4.6 emu g^(−1) and ∼0 Oe at 300 K. A direct optical bandgap of 2.22 eV is obtained by tuning electronic structure of β-Fe3Se4 host layers through spacer layers consisting of Fe^(3+) and peha. Electrical and Seebeck coefficient data indicate that the n-type semiconductor follows the thermally-activated conduction mechanism (lnρ ∝ T^(−1)) in a range of 130–300 K with an activation energy (Ea) of 62.69 meV. Thermal conductivity is 2.5 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at 300 K, while the Wiedemann–Franz law is strongly violated according to electrical-thermal transport data due to weak incorporation of organic spacer layers and host layers. This study sets the stage for exploiting new room-temperature organic magnetic semiconductor systems for spintronic materials.展开更多
Nanoparticles-incorporated hydrogel microneedles(NPs-HMN)have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional biomedical applications.The arrayed needle tips of NPsHMN effectively penetrate the skin or tissue...Nanoparticles-incorporated hydrogel microneedles(NPs-HMN)have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional biomedical applications.The arrayed needle tips of NPsHMN effectively penetrate the skin or tissue,enabling minimally invasive and painless delivery of therapeutic molecules into the tissue microenvironment.This approach has shown significant improvements in bioavailability and patient compliance.Moreover,the functionalized hydrogel materials of NPs-HMN exhibit a three-dimensional network structure resembling the extracellular matrix,along with controllable drug release,exceptional swelling ability,hydrophilicity,and biocompatibility.These characteristics broaden the potential applications of HMN in therapeutic and biosensing contexts.In addition,the incorporation of nanoparticles(NPs)has been shown to improve the solubility of hydrophobic drugs,enhance mechanical properties,enable intelligent drug release,and facilitate precise targeting of HMN.The versatility and diversity of treatment options afforded by NPs-HMN contribute to significant advancements in animal models and clinical settings,as well as offer valuable insights for biomaterial development.This review provides a comprehensive examination of the fabrication strategies of NPs-HMN and their recent advancements in biomedical applications.We also analyze the mechanisms,advantages,challenges,and future prospects of this system in enhancing drug delivery efficiency to provide theoretical references for further breakthroughs in novel delivery platforms.展开更多
Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlook...Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlooked.Here,we obtained 98,419 precise occurrence points for 2442 NT plants in China,and used species richness,species complementarity,and weighted endemism that consider all,endemic and narrow-ranged species in order to identify the diversity hotspots of NT plants.Then we evaluated the conservation effectiveness of current nature reserves for them.Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots of NT plants were mainly confined to southwestern and southern China,and only 35.87% of hotspots and 71.5% of species were protected by nature reserves.Numerous hotspots in southwestern China(e.g.,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Hainan) were identified as conservation gaps.Given that NT plants include large proportions of endemic and narrow-ranged species,they represent an important value in conservation priority.So,more conservation efforts in the future should be tilted towards NT plants.Additionally,when comparing with the recently updated NT list,there are already 87 species raised to threatened categories,while 328 species were lowered to least concern,56 species were now categorized as data deficient,and 119 species considered as uncertain due to changes of scientific names.It is essential to carry out a continuous assessment of species’ threatened categories to realize targeting conservation.展开更多
We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase...We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase were searched.We included phase II and III prospective trials, as well as retrospective studies, in which patients diagnosed with RCC were treated with axitinib or sorafenib monotherapy at a starting dose of 5 mg and 400 mg twice daily, respectively.The overall incidence of high grade hypertension, fatigue, gastrointestinal toxicity and hand-foot syndrome, along with their 95% confidence intervals（CI）, were calculated using fixed-or random-effects model according to heterogeneity test results. A total of 26 trials, including 4790 patients, were included in our meta-analysis. Among them, 6 arms were related to axitinib and 22 were associated with sorafenib. The incidences of hypertension（24.9%vs. 7.9%）, fatigue（8.2% vs. 6.6%）, and gastrointestinal toxicity（17.6% vs. 11.3%） were higher in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib, while the incidence of hand-foot syndrome was lower in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib（9.5% vs. 13.3%）. In conclusion, axitinib showed noticeably higher risks of toxicity versus sorafenib. Close monitoring and effective measures for adverse events are recommended during therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Nove...BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Novel techniques are required to assist in planning and navigation.AIM To apply and evaluate the Hisense computer-assisted surgery(CAS)system in PCNL.METHODS A total of 60 patients with complex renal stones were included.Thirty patients in the CAS group had three-dimensional(3 D)virtual models constructed with the CAS system.The model assisted in planning and navigating in the CAS system.Thirty patients in the control group planned and navigated as standard PCNL,without the application of the CAS system.Success rate of one attempt,operation time,initial stone-free rate,decrease in hemoglobin,and complications were collected and analyzed.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics or planning characteristics.The success rate of one puncturing attempt(90%vs 67%,P=0.028)and the initial stone-free rate(87%vs 63%,P=0.037)were significantly higher in the CAS group.However,there were no statistically significant differences in the operation time(89.20±29.60 min vs 92.33±33.08 min,P=0.859)or in the decrease in hemoglobin(11.07±8.32 g/L vs 9.03±11.72 g/L,P=0.300)between the CAS group and the control group.No statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications(Clavien-Dindo grade≥2)were found.CONCLUSION Compared with standard PCNL,CAS-assisted PCNL had advantages in terms of the puncturing success rate and stone-free rate.The Hisense CAS System was recommended to assist in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation for an intuitive,precise and convenient PCNL.展开更多
As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occur...As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occurrence of many chronic diseases.Relevant literature shows that high temperature,low temperature,and highaltitude hypoxia may have negative effects on commensal microorganisms.The stimulation of exercise may aggravate this reaction,which is related to the occurrence of exercise-induced fever and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases.The intervention of probiotics can alleviate the above problems to a certain extent.Therefore,this paper takes exercise in a special environment as the starting point,deeply analyses the intervention effect and potential mechanism of probiotics,and provides the theoretical basis and reference for follow-up research and application of probiotics in sports science.展开更多
Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pres...Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pressure-temperature behaviors of rhodochrosite in the presence of iron up to∼34 GPa by in-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ Raman spectroscopy.At relatively low temperature below∼1500 K,MnCO_(3)breaks down into MnO and CO_(2).Upon heating to∼1800 K,however,the MnCO_(3)-Fe^(0)reactions occur with the formation of Mn_(3)O_(4),Fe^(O)and reduced carbon.A'three-stage'reaction mechanism is proposed to understand the kinetics of the carbon-iron-manganese redox coupling.The results suggest that Fe^(0)can serve as a reductant to greatly affect the stability of rhodochrosite,which implies that the effect of Fe-metal should be seriously considered for the high pressure-temperature behaviors of other predominant carbonates at Earth's mantle conditions,particularly at depths greater than∼250 km.展开更多
A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and...A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.展开更多
BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tis...BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tissues of the vulva to varying degrees and can be accompanied by symptoms,such as bleeding and inflammation.Once this complication is present,surgical intervention is needed to resolve it.Therefore,preventing and managing this complication is especially important.CASE SUMMARY The postoperative occurrence of acute enterocele is rare,and a case of acute small bowel vaginosis 2 mo after radical cystectomy with hysterectomy is reported.When the patient was admitted,physical examination revealed that the small bowel was displaced approximately 20 cm because of vaginocele.A team of gynecological,general surgery,and urological surgeons was employed to return the small bowel and repair the lacerated vaginal wall during the emergency operation.Eventually,the patient recovered,and no recurrence was seen in the half year of follow-up.CONCLUSION We review the surgical approach for such patients,analyze high-risk factors for the disease and suggest corresponding preventive measures.展开更多
Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a ...Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a valuable molecular target for the treatment of LUAD.Methods:Using multiple databases,we screened for hub genes in LUAD using Cytoscape and explored the expression and prognosis of DLG associated protein 5(DLGAP5)in LUAD.We investigated the genetic variation,functional enrichment,and epigenetic activity of DLGAP5.Furthermore,we evaluated the relationship between the tumor microenvironment(TME)and DLGAP5.Results:Our study identified 10 hub genes in LUAD:CDC45,KIAA0101,DLGAP5,CDT1,NCAPG,CCNB1,CDCA5,CDC20,KIF11,and AURKA.We discovered that DLGAP5 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in LUAD.DLGAP5 exhibited an overall genetic variation frequency of 2%,and its DNA promoter was hypomethylated in LUAD(p<0.05).The expression of DLGAP5 in LUAD showed a positive correlation with the majority of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylation genes.Additionally,DLGAP5 was primarily associated with the cell cycle in LUAD.Notably,there was a significant favorable association between DLGAP5 and CD274,CTLA4,HAVCR2,and LAG3 in LUAD.Conclusion:DLGAP5 may be a therapeutic target for LUAD,as it affects cancer cells proliferation and development through the regulation of cell-cycle checkpoints and modulation of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME.展开更多
Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and J...Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and June 2019 were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into observation and control groups according to different treatment methods in chemotherapy.The control group was treated with chemotherapy alone.The observation group was treated Shenmai injection combined with chemotherapy.The treatment effect of the two groups was compared,and the incidence of bone marrow blood and side effects before and after treatment were compared.Results.The therapeutic effect of the observation group was 93.55%which was much higher than that of the control group of 74.19%,P<0.05.The bone marrow blood levels of WBC,PLT and Hb in the observation group before and after treatment were 23.97±3.05,6.76±1.27,69.01±8.15,66.96±9.46,91.07±8.15,89.35±7.46,respectively,compared with the control group.The difference in the situation after treatment was found to be significant.The incidence of toxic side effects such as nausea and vomiting,impaired liver function and renal dysfunction in the observation group was 9.68%,which was lower than that of the control group(32.26%,P<0.05).Conclusion.Shemai injection has significant effects on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia and effectively improves the effect of chemotherapy.展开更多
The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order ...The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order to test cosmological models.These techniques include measuring cosmic flow,measuring two-point correlation and power spectrum of the peculiar velocity fields,and reconstructing the density field using peculiar velocities.However,some measurements from these techniques are biased due to the nonGaussianity of the estimated peculiar velocities.Therefore,we rely on the 2MTF survey to explore a power transform that can Gaussianize the estimated peculiar velocities.We find a tight linear relation between the transformation parameters and the measurement errors of log-distance ratio.To show an example for the implementation of Gaussianized peculiar velocities in cosmology,we develop a bulk flow estimator and estimate bulk flow from the Gaussianized peculiar velocities.We use 2MTF mocks to test the algorithm,and we find the algorithm yields unbiased measurements.We also find this technique gives smaller measurement errors compared to other techniques.In Galactic coordinates,at the depth of 30 h^(-1)Mpc,we measure a bulk flow of 332±27 km s^(-1) in the direction(l,b)=(293°±5°,13°±4°).The measurement is consistent with theΛCDM prediction.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32172544,32441071)the special fund for scientific innovation strategy-construction of high level Academy of Agriculture Science(Grant No.R2023PY-JG003)+4 种基金the earmarked fund for CARS(Grant No.CARS-31-01)Guangdong Special Support Program(Grant No.NYLJ2024010)Guangdong S&T Program(Grant No.2025B0202070005)IAEA CRP D23033the Project from Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(2023B03J0991).
文摘Banana(Musa spp.)is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide,and plays a critical role in human diet and agricultural economies across tropical and subtropical regions,including China(Jiang et al.,2025;Wu et al.,2025).However,its rapid softening severely limits shelf life,causing substantial economic losses during transport and storage.Recently,the enhanced shelf-life can be generated by compromising the key ripening regulators,such as RIN,but other fruit quality traits including flavor and color also can be impaired concurrently(Kitagawa et al.,2005).
基金supported by National Key Clinical Discipline and the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 82102955]the Guangzhou Basic Research Project[grant number 202201011326]the GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation[grant number 2024A1515220062]。
文摘Background:The survival benefits of pulmonary metastasectomy(PM)in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with pulmonary metastasis remain controversial.This study aimed to assess the survival effect of PM on CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis.Methods:Data from CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis were collected from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database between 2010 and 2020.A 1:1 propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was employed to minimize heterogeneity between the groups.Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the overall survival(OS)of CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis who underwent PM.Results:A total of 1,399 CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis were included;140 patients and 1,259 patients underwent PM and did not,respectively.After PSM,there were 140 patients in each group.Patients who underwent PM demonstrated a longer median OS than those who did not,in both the overall cohort and the PSM cohort.In the PSM cohort,the median OS was 51 months(95%confidence interval[CI],45-64 months)for CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis who underwent PM and 36 months(95%CI,31-42 months)for those who did not undergo PM.Additionally,Cox proportional hazard models indicated that PM was a significant protective factor for OS in CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis(hazard ratio:0.57;95%CI,0.41-0.80,P<0.01).Conclusion:PM prolongs the survival of CRC patients with pulmonary metastasis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52371203,51971221 and 52031014).
文摘Organic magnetic semiconductors have aroused much attention for spintronic applications. However, it remains challenging to achieve organic semiconductors with strong room-temperature ferromagnetism. Here, we report a two-dimensional (2D) tetragonal organic-inorganic ferrimagnetic (FIM) semiconductor of Fe_(14)Se_(16)(peha)_(0.7) (peha = pentaethylenehexamine) with excellent thermal stability and a Curie temperature (T_(C)) higher than 519 K. Magnetic and Mössbauer measurements reveal a long-range magnetic ordering in single crystalline Fe_(14)Se_(16)(peha)0.7 nanosheets. The saturation magnetization and coercivity are 5.9 emu g^(−1) and 0.42 kOe at 5 K, which slightly reduces to 4.6 emu g^(−1) and ∼0 Oe at 300 K. A direct optical bandgap of 2.22 eV is obtained by tuning electronic structure of β-Fe3Se4 host layers through spacer layers consisting of Fe^(3+) and peha. Electrical and Seebeck coefficient data indicate that the n-type semiconductor follows the thermally-activated conduction mechanism (lnρ ∝ T^(−1)) in a range of 130–300 K with an activation energy (Ea) of 62.69 meV. Thermal conductivity is 2.5 W m^(−1) K^(−1) at 300 K, while the Wiedemann–Franz law is strongly violated according to electrical-thermal transport data due to weak incorporation of organic spacer layers and host layers. This study sets the stage for exploiting new room-temperature organic magnetic semiconductor systems for spintronic materials.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M740789)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110441,2024A1515011248,2024A1515030104)+1 种基金Guangzhou S&T Programme Foundation(202206010051,202205110009)Young Talent Support Project of Guangzhou Association for S&T(QT20220101041).
文摘Nanoparticles-incorporated hydrogel microneedles(NPs-HMN)have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional biomedical applications.The arrayed needle tips of NPsHMN effectively penetrate the skin or tissue,enabling minimally invasive and painless delivery of therapeutic molecules into the tissue microenvironment.This approach has shown significant improvements in bioavailability and patient compliance.Moreover,the functionalized hydrogel materials of NPs-HMN exhibit a three-dimensional network structure resembling the extracellular matrix,along with controllable drug release,exceptional swelling ability,hydrophilicity,and biocompatibility.These characteristics broaden the potential applications of HMN in therapeutic and biosensing contexts.In addition,the incorporation of nanoparticles(NPs)has been shown to improve the solubility of hydrophobic drugs,enhance mechanical properties,enable intelligent drug release,and facilitate precise targeting of HMN.The versatility and diversity of treatment options afforded by NPs-HMN contribute to significant advancements in animal models and clinical settings,as well as offer valuable insights for biomaterial development.This review provides a comprehensive examination of the fabrication strategies of NPs-HMN and their recent advancements in biomedical applications.We also analyze the mechanisms,advantages,challenges,and future prospects of this system in enhancing drug delivery efficiency to provide theoretical references for further breakthroughs in novel delivery platforms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071654)The Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,China (2019HJ2096001006)Biodiversity Survey,Observation and Assessment Program of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (8-3-7-20-9)
文摘Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlooked.Here,we obtained 98,419 precise occurrence points for 2442 NT plants in China,and used species richness,species complementarity,and weighted endemism that consider all,endemic and narrow-ranged species in order to identify the diversity hotspots of NT plants.Then we evaluated the conservation effectiveness of current nature reserves for them.Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots of NT plants were mainly confined to southwestern and southern China,and only 35.87% of hotspots and 71.5% of species were protected by nature reserves.Numerous hotspots in southwestern China(e.g.,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Hainan) were identified as conservation gaps.Given that NT plants include large proportions of endemic and narrow-ranged species,they represent an important value in conservation priority.So,more conservation efforts in the future should be tilted towards NT plants.Additionally,when comparing with the recently updated NT list,there are already 87 species raised to threatened categories,while 328 species were lowered to least concern,56 species were now categorized as data deficient,and 119 species considered as uncertain due to changes of scientific names.It is essential to carry out a continuous assessment of species’ threatened categories to realize targeting conservation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81773554 to H. Yu)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant for Young Scientists (81302512 to J. Bai)
文摘We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase were searched.We included phase II and III prospective trials, as well as retrospective studies, in which patients diagnosed with RCC were treated with axitinib or sorafenib monotherapy at a starting dose of 5 mg and 400 mg twice daily, respectively.The overall incidence of high grade hypertension, fatigue, gastrointestinal toxicity and hand-foot syndrome, along with their 95% confidence intervals（CI）, were calculated using fixed-or random-effects model according to heterogeneity test results. A total of 26 trials, including 4790 patients, were included in our meta-analysis. Among them, 6 arms were related to axitinib and 22 were associated with sorafenib. The incidences of hypertension（24.9%vs. 7.9%）, fatigue（8.2% vs. 6.6%）, and gastrointestinal toxicity（17.6% vs. 11.3%） were higher in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib, while the incidence of hand-foot syndrome was lower in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib（9.5% vs. 13.3%）. In conclusion, axitinib showed noticeably higher risks of toxicity versus sorafenib. Close monitoring and effective measures for adverse events are recommended during therapy.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program in Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province,No.2020M074。
文摘BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Novel techniques are required to assist in planning and navigation.AIM To apply and evaluate the Hisense computer-assisted surgery(CAS)system in PCNL.METHODS A total of 60 patients with complex renal stones were included.Thirty patients in the CAS group had three-dimensional(3 D)virtual models constructed with the CAS system.The model assisted in planning and navigating in the CAS system.Thirty patients in the control group planned and navigated as standard PCNL,without the application of the CAS system.Success rate of one attempt,operation time,initial stone-free rate,decrease in hemoglobin,and complications were collected and analyzed.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics or planning characteristics.The success rate of one puncturing attempt(90%vs 67%,P=0.028)and the initial stone-free rate(87%vs 63%,P=0.037)were significantly higher in the CAS group.However,there were no statistically significant differences in the operation time(89.20±29.60 min vs 92.33±33.08 min,P=0.859)or in the decrease in hemoglobin(11.07±8.32 g/L vs 9.03±11.72 g/L,P=0.300)between the CAS group and the control group.No statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications(Clavien-Dindo grade≥2)were found.CONCLUSION Compared with standard PCNL,CAS-assisted PCNL had advantages in terms of the puncturing success rate and stone-free rate.The Hisense CAS System was recommended to assist in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation for an intuitive,precise and convenient PCNL.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11775059)National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2019YFF0301600).
文摘As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occurrence of many chronic diseases.Relevant literature shows that high temperature,low temperature,and highaltitude hypoxia may have negative effects on commensal microorganisms.The stimulation of exercise may aggravate this reaction,which is related to the occurrence of exercise-induced fever and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases.The intervention of probiotics can alleviate the above problems to a certain extent.Therefore,this paper takes exercise in a special environment as the starting point,deeply analyses the intervention effect and potential mechanism of probiotics,and provides the theoretical basis and reference for follow-up research and application of probiotics in sports science.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072047,41772034).
文摘Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pressure-temperature behaviors of rhodochrosite in the presence of iron up to∼34 GPa by in-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ Raman spectroscopy.At relatively low temperature below∼1500 K,MnCO_(3)breaks down into MnO and CO_(2).Upon heating to∼1800 K,however,the MnCO_(3)-Fe^(0)reactions occur with the formation of Mn_(3)O_(4),Fe^(O)and reduced carbon.A'three-stage'reaction mechanism is proposed to understand the kinetics of the carbon-iron-manganese redox coupling.The results suggest that Fe^(0)can serve as a reductant to greatly affect the stability of rhodochrosite,which implies that the effect of Fe-metal should be seriously considered for the high pressure-temperature behaviors of other predominant carbonates at Earth's mantle conditions,particularly at depths greater than∼250 km.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant 11872078,and Beijing Natural Science Foundation No.3222005.
文摘A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.
文摘BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tissues of the vulva to varying degrees and can be accompanied by symptoms,such as bleeding and inflammation.Once this complication is present,surgical intervention is needed to resolve it.Therefore,preventing and managing this complication is especially important.CASE SUMMARY The postoperative occurrence of acute enterocele is rare,and a case of acute small bowel vaginosis 2 mo after radical cystectomy with hysterectomy is reported.When the patient was admitted,physical examination revealed that the small bowel was displaced approximately 20 cm because of vaginocele.A team of gynecological,general surgery,and urological surgeons was employed to return the small bowel and repair the lacerated vaginal wall during the emergency operation.Eventually,the patient recovered,and no recurrence was seen in the half year of follow-up.CONCLUSION We review the surgical approach for such patients,analyze high-risk factors for the disease and suggest corresponding preventive measures.
基金funded by the supporting funds for scientific research of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University(P20200217202404781).
文摘Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a valuable molecular target for the treatment of LUAD.Methods:Using multiple databases,we screened for hub genes in LUAD using Cytoscape and explored the expression and prognosis of DLG associated protein 5(DLGAP5)in LUAD.We investigated the genetic variation,functional enrichment,and epigenetic activity of DLGAP5.Furthermore,we evaluated the relationship between the tumor microenvironment(TME)and DLGAP5.Results:Our study identified 10 hub genes in LUAD:CDC45,KIAA0101,DLGAP5,CDT1,NCAPG,CCNB1,CDCA5,CDC20,KIF11,and AURKA.We discovered that DLGAP5 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in LUAD.DLGAP5 exhibited an overall genetic variation frequency of 2%,and its DNA promoter was hypomethylated in LUAD(p<0.05).The expression of DLGAP5 in LUAD showed a positive correlation with the majority of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylation genes.Additionally,DLGAP5 was primarily associated with the cell cycle in LUAD.Notably,there was a significant favorable association between DLGAP5 and CD274,CTLA4,HAVCR2,and LAG3 in LUAD.Conclusion:DLGAP5 may be a therapeutic target for LUAD,as it affects cancer cells proliferation and development through the regulation of cell-cycle checkpoints and modulation of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME.
文摘Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and June 2019 were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into observation and control groups according to different treatment methods in chemotherapy.The control group was treated with chemotherapy alone.The observation group was treated Shenmai injection combined with chemotherapy.The treatment effect of the two groups was compared,and the incidence of bone marrow blood and side effects before and after treatment were compared.Results.The therapeutic effect of the observation group was 93.55%which was much higher than that of the control group of 74.19%,P<0.05.The bone marrow blood levels of WBC,PLT and Hb in the observation group before and after treatment were 23.97±3.05,6.76±1.27,69.01±8.15,66.96±9.46,91.07±8.15,89.35±7.46,respectively,compared with the control group.The difference in the situation after treatment was found to be significant.The incidence of toxic side effects such as nausea and vomiting,impaired liver function and renal dysfunction in the observation group was 9.68%,which was lower than that of the control group(32.26%,P<0.05).Conclusion.Shemai injection has significant effects on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia and effectively improves the effect of chemotherapy.
基金supported by the project“Understanding Dark Universe Using Large Scale Structure of the Universe”,funded by the Ministry of Science。
文摘The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order to test cosmological models.These techniques include measuring cosmic flow,measuring two-point correlation and power spectrum of the peculiar velocity fields,and reconstructing the density field using peculiar velocities.However,some measurements from these techniques are biased due to the nonGaussianity of the estimated peculiar velocities.Therefore,we rely on the 2MTF survey to explore a power transform that can Gaussianize the estimated peculiar velocities.We find a tight linear relation between the transformation parameters and the measurement errors of log-distance ratio.To show an example for the implementation of Gaussianized peculiar velocities in cosmology,we develop a bulk flow estimator and estimate bulk flow from the Gaussianized peculiar velocities.We use 2MTF mocks to test the algorithm,and we find the algorithm yields unbiased measurements.We also find this technique gives smaller measurement errors compared to other techniques.In Galactic coordinates,at the depth of 30 h^(-1)Mpc,we measure a bulk flow of 332±27 km s^(-1) in the direction(l,b)=(293°±5°,13°±4°).The measurement is consistent with theΛCDM prediction.
