Excessive osteoclastogenesis-mediated osteoporosis has been recognized as a global health concern.Candidate compounds derived from medicinal plants or functional foods are promising to treat osteoporosis due to their ...Excessive osteoclastogenesis-mediated osteoporosis has been recognized as a global health concern.Candidate compounds derived from medicinal plants or functional foods are promising to treat osteoporosis due to their high safety and efficiency.(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)is the most abundant and biologically active polyphenol in green tea.It can inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro by blocking receptor activator of nuclear factor(NF)-κB(RANK)signaling pathways.This study used the ovariectomized(OVX)mouse model to estimate the therapeutic effect of EGCG on osteoporosis and verified the molecular mechanism in vivo.The results revealed that EGCG significantly inhibited the OVX-induced body weight gain.Moreover,no adverse effects were observed on blood glucose,histomorphological features,weights,as well as indices of liver and kidney in OVX mice.EGCG could significantly ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.This effect was evidenced by the reduced number of osteoclasts and the increased trabecular bone area in the femurs.Moreover,EGCG inhibited the activities of c-telopeptide of type I collagen(CTX-I)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP-5b)and strengthened bone gla protein(BGP)and procollagen I N-terminal peptide(PINP)activities in OVX mice.Mechanistically,EGCG significantly downregulated the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related marker genes and proteins,including nuclear factor of activated T cells,cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1),c-Fos,tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP),c-Src,and cathepsin K.In addition,the phosphorylation levels of p65,c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),p38,and protein kinase B(AKT)were significantly suppressed in OVX mice.It was found that EGCG could alleviate OVX-induced bone loss in mice by suppressing osteoclastogenesis by blocking the NF-κB,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and AKT signaling pathways.EGCG has the potential to prevent and treat osteoclast-related diseases such as osteoporosis.展开更多
The development of highly active, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have extremely large specific surface areas, m...The development of highly active, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have extremely large specific surface areas, making them highly desirable electrocatalyst morphologies. Medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) exhibit compositional tunability and entropy-driven structural stability, making them ideal electrocatalyst candidates. In this study, MoCoNi MEA with ultrathin 2D morphology was successfully developed using a facile ionic lay-er epitaxial method. The ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA showed an excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic performance, with a low overpotential of 167 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) and small Tafel slope of 33.2 mV/dec. At the overpotential of 167 mV, the ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA exhibited ultrahigh mass activity of 3359.6 A/g, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that of the commercial noble metal oxide RuO_(2) (1.15 A/g). This excellent electrocatalytic performance was attributed to the synergy of multiple active metal-induced medium entropies, as well as the ultrathin thickness, which considerably shortened the charge-transfer dis-tance and thus significantly promoted charge transfer. Owing to the natural entropy-stabilizing effect, the ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA maintained 90% of the initial current after a continuous OER electrocatalytic test for 134 h, showing impressive electrocatalytic stability. This study opens new avenues for the development of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalyst materials by creating MEAs with ultrathin 2D morphology.展开更多
随着海洋战略地位的不断提升,无人艇集群展现出巨大效能和应用潜力,其中以海上环境下无人艇集群应用最具有前景。以海上复杂环境为背景,首先梳理了国内外无人艇的发展现状,并阐述基于海上复杂环境下的三维刻画、敌情动态分析、无人艇机...随着海洋战略地位的不断提升,无人艇集群展现出巨大效能和应用潜力,其中以海上环境下无人艇集群应用最具有前景。以海上复杂环境为背景,首先梳理了国内外无人艇的发展现状,并阐述基于海上复杂环境下的三维刻画、敌情动态分析、无人艇机动性约束等特点,然后重点剖析基于机器人模拟仿真软件(Robot Operating System Gazebo,ROSG)仿真的三维建模分析、基于数学建模的无人艇机动性约束及威胁区域分析、基于迁移强化学习的无人艇集群航迹规划等关键技术,最后展望了无人艇集群航迹规划的发展趋势,以期为无人艇集群航迹规划应用提供借鉴。展开更多
针对复杂城市环境下无人机目标打击问题,引入一种基于电鳗觅食优化算法的无人机目标打击方法。该方法首先设置稀疏环境无敌防守和密集环境有敌防守2种场景并设计相应的约束条件和航迹优化代价函数以符合城市环境飞行需求,然后通过电鳗...针对复杂城市环境下无人机目标打击问题,引入一种基于电鳗觅食优化算法的无人机目标打击方法。该方法首先设置稀疏环境无敌防守和密集环境有敌防守2种场景并设计相应的约束条件和航迹优化代价函数以符合城市环境飞行需求,然后通过电鳗觅食优化算法(electric eel foraging optimization,EEFO)为无人机规划出一条合理的目标打击轨迹,最后得到其飞行轨迹和适应度值,并与SO,SCA,WOA,MFO,HHO 5种算法进行对比。实验结果表明,在稀疏环境无敌防守场景下EEFO算法比其他五种算法具有更高的轨迹规划效率和稳定性,消耗的航迹代价最小且收敛更快;在密集环境有敌防守场景下EEFO算法与其他5种算法相比,所规划出的目标打击轨迹最优且消耗的航迹代价收敛趋势更好,任务完成度最高,具有更好的表现。展开更多
The Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a kind of fermentation yeast which yield flavoring substance in the production of soy sauce. In order to the overexpression of the target protein in wild type strains, we choose PYEs2.0...The Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a kind of fermentation yeast which yield flavoring substance in the production of soy sauce. In order to the overexpression of the target protein in wild type strains, we choose PYEs2.0 as the original carrier, the acyl-coA binding protein (ACBP) and GFP gene have been cloned in the multiple cloning site. The screening of labeled URA3 gene was replaced by KanMX gene which anti G418. The vector was obtained through the screening of G418 at the concentration of 25 ug/ml.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acquired hemophilia A(AHA)is a rare autoimmune bleeding disorder charac-terized by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII(FVIII),leading to spon-taneous bleeding in patients without a personal or fa...BACKGROUND Acquired hemophilia A(AHA)is a rare autoimmune bleeding disorder charac-terized by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII(FVIII),leading to spon-taneous bleeding in patients without a personal or family history of bleeding disorders.While AHA has been reported in association with various cancers,this case represents,to our knowledge,the first reported instance of AHA following head and neck cancer surgery and subsequent chemoradiotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 65-year-old male with a history of hypopharyngeal squa-mous cell carcinoma(T4bN2cM0,AJCC 8^(th) edition)who developed AHA after extensive surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy.He presented with recurrent hemoptysis and ecchymosis.Coagulation studies showed isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time of 83.8 seconds that did not correct with mixing studies.FVIII activity was<1%,and a Bethesda assay confirmed FVIII inhibitors with a titer of 18.4 Bethesda units.Hemostasis was initially achieved with tranexamic acid and batroxobin.Immunosuppression with prednisone and cyclophosphamide was started;due to gastrointestinal bleeding,rituximab was added.Treatment was later transitioned to azathioprine with prednisone,fol-lowed by tapering.FVIII activity recovered to 188.2%,and the patient remained in remission over six years without AHA or malignancy recurrence.CONCLUSION This case underscores vigilance for AHA after head and neck cancer therapy to enable prompt treatment.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82404638)the Xingdian Talent Plan of Yunnan Province(XDYC-QNRC-2023-0427,XDYC-YLXZ 2022-0025)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202101BD070001-034,202101BD070001-049,202201AT070267,202201AU070183).
文摘Excessive osteoclastogenesis-mediated osteoporosis has been recognized as a global health concern.Candidate compounds derived from medicinal plants or functional foods are promising to treat osteoporosis due to their high safety and efficiency.(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)is the most abundant and biologically active polyphenol in green tea.It can inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro by blocking receptor activator of nuclear factor(NF)-κB(RANK)signaling pathways.This study used the ovariectomized(OVX)mouse model to estimate the therapeutic effect of EGCG on osteoporosis and verified the molecular mechanism in vivo.The results revealed that EGCG significantly inhibited the OVX-induced body weight gain.Moreover,no adverse effects were observed on blood glucose,histomorphological features,weights,as well as indices of liver and kidney in OVX mice.EGCG could significantly ameliorate bone loss in OVX mice by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.This effect was evidenced by the reduced number of osteoclasts and the increased trabecular bone area in the femurs.Moreover,EGCG inhibited the activities of c-telopeptide of type I collagen(CTX-I)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP-5b)and strengthened bone gla protein(BGP)and procollagen I N-terminal peptide(PINP)activities in OVX mice.Mechanistically,EGCG significantly downregulated the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related marker genes and proteins,including nuclear factor of activated T cells,cytoplasmic 1(NFATc1),c-Fos,tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP),c-Src,and cathepsin K.In addition,the phosphorylation levels of p65,c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),p38,and protein kinase B(AKT)were significantly suppressed in OVX mice.It was found that EGCG could alleviate OVX-induced bone loss in mice by suppressing osteoclastogenesis by blocking the NF-κB,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and AKT signaling pathways.EGCG has the potential to prevent and treat osteoclast-related diseases such as osteoporosis.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024JBZY008)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52401031)+1 种基金the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University,China(No.2024XKRC064)the National College Students Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program(No.202510004157).
文摘The development of highly active, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have extremely large specific surface areas, making them highly desirable electrocatalyst morphologies. Medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) exhibit compositional tunability and entropy-driven structural stability, making them ideal electrocatalyst candidates. In this study, MoCoNi MEA with ultrathin 2D morphology was successfully developed using a facile ionic lay-er epitaxial method. The ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA showed an excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic performance, with a low overpotential of 167 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) and small Tafel slope of 33.2 mV/dec. At the overpotential of 167 mV, the ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA exhibited ultrahigh mass activity of 3359.6 A/g, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that of the commercial noble metal oxide RuO_(2) (1.15 A/g). This excellent electrocatalytic performance was attributed to the synergy of multiple active metal-induced medium entropies, as well as the ultrathin thickness, which considerably shortened the charge-transfer dis-tance and thus significantly promoted charge transfer. Owing to the natural entropy-stabilizing effect, the ultrathin 2D MoCoNi MEA maintained 90% of the initial current after a continuous OER electrocatalytic test for 134 h, showing impressive electrocatalytic stability. This study opens new avenues for the development of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalyst materials by creating MEAs with ultrathin 2D morphology.
文摘随着海洋战略地位的不断提升,无人艇集群展现出巨大效能和应用潜力,其中以海上环境下无人艇集群应用最具有前景。以海上复杂环境为背景,首先梳理了国内外无人艇的发展现状,并阐述基于海上复杂环境下的三维刻画、敌情动态分析、无人艇机动性约束等特点,然后重点剖析基于机器人模拟仿真软件(Robot Operating System Gazebo,ROSG)仿真的三维建模分析、基于数学建模的无人艇机动性约束及威胁区域分析、基于迁移强化学习的无人艇集群航迹规划等关键技术,最后展望了无人艇集群航迹规划的发展趋势,以期为无人艇集群航迹规划应用提供借鉴。
文摘针对复杂城市环境下无人机目标打击问题,引入一种基于电鳗觅食优化算法的无人机目标打击方法。该方法首先设置稀疏环境无敌防守和密集环境有敌防守2种场景并设计相应的约束条件和航迹优化代价函数以符合城市环境飞行需求,然后通过电鳗觅食优化算法(electric eel foraging optimization,EEFO)为无人机规划出一条合理的目标打击轨迹,最后得到其飞行轨迹和适应度值,并与SO,SCA,WOA,MFO,HHO 5种算法进行对比。实验结果表明,在稀疏环境无敌防守场景下EEFO算法比其他五种算法具有更高的轨迹规划效率和稳定性,消耗的航迹代价最小且收敛更快;在密集环境有敌防守场景下EEFO算法与其他5种算法相比,所规划出的目标打击轨迹最优且消耗的航迹代价收敛趋势更好,任务完成度最高,具有更好的表现。
文摘The Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a kind of fermentation yeast which yield flavoring substance in the production of soy sauce. In order to the overexpression of the target protein in wild type strains, we choose PYEs2.0 as the original carrier, the acyl-coA binding protein (ACBP) and GFP gene have been cloned in the multiple cloning site. The screening of labeled URA3 gene was replaced by KanMX gene which anti G418. The vector was obtained through the screening of G418 at the concentration of 25 ug/ml.
文摘BACKGROUND Acquired hemophilia A(AHA)is a rare autoimmune bleeding disorder charac-terized by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII(FVIII),leading to spon-taneous bleeding in patients without a personal or family history of bleeding disorders.While AHA has been reported in association with various cancers,this case represents,to our knowledge,the first reported instance of AHA following head and neck cancer surgery and subsequent chemoradiotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 65-year-old male with a history of hypopharyngeal squa-mous cell carcinoma(T4bN2cM0,AJCC 8^(th) edition)who developed AHA after extensive surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy.He presented with recurrent hemoptysis and ecchymosis.Coagulation studies showed isolated prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time of 83.8 seconds that did not correct with mixing studies.FVIII activity was<1%,and a Bethesda assay confirmed FVIII inhibitors with a titer of 18.4 Bethesda units.Hemostasis was initially achieved with tranexamic acid and batroxobin.Immunosuppression with prednisone and cyclophosphamide was started;due to gastrointestinal bleeding,rituximab was added.Treatment was later transitioned to azathioprine with prednisone,fol-lowed by tapering.FVIII activity recovered to 188.2%,and the patient remained in remission over six years without AHA or malignancy recurrence.CONCLUSION This case underscores vigilance for AHA after head and neck cancer therapy to enable prompt treatment.
