吉非罗齐(gemfibrozil)是一种药物类新污染物,对水生生物的神经系统可造成损害,其在水环境中的普遍存在,可能对中国水生生态系统构成潜在风险,但针对吉非罗齐的水质基准及生态风险评估尚缺乏系统研究。本研究基于ECOTOX、Web of Scienc...吉非罗齐(gemfibrozil)是一种药物类新污染物,对水生生物的神经系统可造成损害,其在水环境中的普遍存在,可能对中国水生生态系统构成潜在风险,但针对吉非罗齐的水质基准及生态风险评估尚缺乏系统研究。本研究基于ECOTOX、Web of Science和中国知网等相关数据库,收集整理了吉非罗齐对中国淡水生物的毒性数据,筛选出的急性数据涵盖5门5科7个物种,最敏感物种为水螅(Hydra vulgaris);慢性毒性数据涵盖4门6科10个物种,最敏感物种为斑马鱼(Danio rerio)。按照物种敏感度分布法推导出中国吉非罗齐的短期基准为1431.3μg·L^(-1)、长期基准为14.4μg·L^(-1)。收集了中国近20年地表水及污水处理厂尾水中吉非罗齐的暴露浓度数据共计583条,浓度范围在0~490 ng·L^(-1)。使用概率密度法和风险商评估法对其进行了生态风险评估,概率密度面积范围在1.8×10^(-5)~3.3×10^(-3);RQ值范围在0~0.034,结果表明吉非罗齐在中国地表水中的生态风险整体较低。研究成果可为吉非罗齐的水质标准制定和环境风险管理提供参考依据。展开更多
进入21世纪以来,环境内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs)逐渐引起全世界的关注.为系统梳理EDCs领域文章的知识结构与研究脉络,探究EDCs的研究热点与未来趋势,以中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)...进入21世纪以来,环境内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs)逐渐引起全世界的关注.为系统梳理EDCs领域文章的知识结构与研究脉络,探究EDCs的研究热点与未来趋势,以中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)与Web of Science(WoS)数据库中关于EDCs的文章为原始数据,分别检索到1952与11646篇相关文章,检索截止日期为2021年6月25日.采用文献计量学方法,使用CiteSpace软件对文献进行可视化分析,分析文章的关键词、来源期刊、学科领域、国家机构和引用文献等,结果表明:①国际上对EDCs的研究已有近30年的历史,大致可分为早期探索(1991-2000年)、深入研究(2001-2011年)和扩展研究(2012-2021年)3个阶段,其研究热度与每年发文量均呈稳定增长趋势.②EDCs的环境行为与毒理效应机制是国内外研究的焦点,尤其是双酚A类似物和苯甲酸酯类物质.③美国和中国发表的EDCs相关文章较多,发文量分别为2483和1822篇.关注EDCs研究的国家以欧美地区的发达国家为主;中国科学院大学与美国环境保护局为发表相关文章较多的机构,发文量分别为319和222篇.④Environmental Health Perspectives是发文量最多的期刊,“环境科学”与“毒理学”是发文量最多的学科领域.研究显示,国内外在EDCs领域的研究脉络大致相同,主要集中在双酚A、壬基酚等EDCs的毒性效应、机制以及环境检测领域,未来还应加强EDCs复合暴露及毒性修复的研究.展开更多
In this study, toxicological data for zinc （Zn）, cadmium （Cd）, hexavalent chromium （Cr （VI））, benzene, and nitrobenzene were collected from various databases and publications, screened and then constructed int...In this study, toxicological data for zinc （Zn）, cadmium （Cd）, hexavalent chromium （Cr （VI））, benzene, and nitrobenzene were collected from various databases and publications, screened and then constructed into species sensitivity distribution （SSD） curves. Then water quality criteria （WQC） were derived for protection of the freshwater aquatic life in China against five representative pollutants. The values derived in this study were compared with those issued by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Chinese national environmental standard for surface water to identify factors underlying the differences. The results showed that the SSD curves for the five pollutants differed significantly, with the examined aquatic species being gen- erally more sensitive to Zn, Cd, and Cr （VI） than benzene and nitrobenzene. The acute WQC were： 48.43 μg L-1 for Zn, 0.4218 μg L-1 for Cd, 45.79μg L-1 for Cr （VI）, 2651 μg L-1 for benzene, and 1426 μg L-1 for nitrobenzene. The chronic WQC were： 20.01μg L-1 for Zn, 0.2428 μg L-j for Cd, 14.22 μg L-1 for Cr （VI）, 530.2 μg L J for benzene, and 286.2 μg L-1 for nitroben- zene. The results of this comparative study of representative pollutants may offer guideline values for future WQC studies for China.展开更多
The concentrations of PAHs in the surface waters from seven river basins in China were summarized from literature published from 2000-2010. Subsequently, the risks from individual PAHs and Y. PAHs in the surface water...The concentrations of PAHs in the surface waters from seven river basins in China were summarized from literature published from 2000-2010. Subsequently, the risks from individual PAHs and Y. PAHs in the surface waters of China were quantified by comparing the overlap between the probability distributions of exposure concentrations with the probability distributions of toxicity data. The results show that the concentrations of 15 PAHs in the surface waters ranged from 3.09 to 38139.00 ng L-a, with a geometric mean of 474.93 ng L-1. The significantly higher concentrations of the 15 PAHs occurred in the surface waters from northern China when compared with those from southern China. The concentrations of the 15 PAHs in Chinese surface waters were higher than those in other waters worldwide. The MOSI0 （margin of safety） values were calculated at 90th percen- tile values of exposure concentrations and 10th percentile values of toxicity data, with 5.75, 0.17, 2.33, 0.30, 0.57, 1.74, 1.05, and 0.11 for Ace, Ant, Flu, BaP, Flua, Nap, Phe, and Pyr, respectively. The probabilities of the individual PAH concentrations exceeding the 10th percentile value of the toxicity data were 6.06%, 2.07%, 9.51%, and 2.07% for Nap, Ace, Phe, and Flu, re- spectively, suggesting minimal risk to aquatic organisms; however, the probabilities of BaP, Ant, Flua, and Pyr exceeding this value were 19.49%, 25.46%, 15.15%, and 30.50%, respectively, indicating potential risks. Among the individual PAHs, the ecological risk from Pyr was the highest, followed by, in descending order of risk, Ant, Bap, Flua, Phe, Nap, Flu, and Ace. Additionally, the combined ecological risk of ~ PAH8 in Chinese surface waters was significantly higher than any that of in- dividual PAHs alone. The MOS0 values in the river basins were 〈 1, except for the Haihe River Basin, suggesting a potential combined risk from E PAH8 in the other six fiver basins. The probabilities calculation indicate that low to high ecological risk from E PAH8 for all aquatic species was reported in the Liaohe River Basin （65.58%）, Huaihe River Basin （57.15%）, Songhua River Basin （46.49%）, Pearl River Basin （38.41%）, Yangtze River Basin （25.98%）, Yellow River Basin （15.92%）, and Haihe River Basin （5.22%）.展开更多
Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209)is poorly absorbed by mammals,and little information is available on the toxicokinetics of BDE209 and its metabolites in fish.In the present study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)were ...Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209)is poorly absorbed by mammals,and little information is available on the toxicokinetics of BDE209 and its metabolites in fish.In the present study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)were administered to 100 ng/g and 500 ng/g body wet weight of BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection and parent BDE209 and its metabolites were sequentially monitored for 28 days.The results showed that toxicokinetic profiles of BDE209 could be described by the one-compartment model.In the higher dose group(500 ng/g wet weight),the calculated half-life(t1/2)and elimination rate(ke)were 17.7 d and 0.039/d in the liver,and 100.3 d and 0.007/d in the muscle,respectively.Three major methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers(MeO-BDEs)were detected with 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromo-5-methoxydiphenyl ether(5-MeO-BDE47)being detected in all tissue samples.There was no significant temporal change of 5-MeO-BDE47 concentration in the muscle,whereas an exponential increase was observed in the liver.Therefore,the metabolism rate of BDE209 depended on the administered dose.BDE209 was hardly accumulated in the muscle of rainbow trout,while the liver was a primary metabolic organ.MeO-BDEs were formed via metabolism of BDE209,which probably played a significant role in fish toxicology as a potential indicator.展开更多
文摘进入21世纪以来,环境内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs)逐渐引起全世界的关注.为系统梳理EDCs领域文章的知识结构与研究脉络,探究EDCs的研究热点与未来趋势,以中国知网(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)与Web of Science(WoS)数据库中关于EDCs的文章为原始数据,分别检索到1952与11646篇相关文章,检索截止日期为2021年6月25日.采用文献计量学方法,使用CiteSpace软件对文献进行可视化分析,分析文章的关键词、来源期刊、学科领域、国家机构和引用文献等,结果表明:①国际上对EDCs的研究已有近30年的历史,大致可分为早期探索(1991-2000年)、深入研究(2001-2011年)和扩展研究(2012-2021年)3个阶段,其研究热度与每年发文量均呈稳定增长趋势.②EDCs的环境行为与毒理效应机制是国内外研究的焦点,尤其是双酚A类似物和苯甲酸酯类物质.③美国和中国发表的EDCs相关文章较多,发文量分别为2483和1822篇.关注EDCs研究的国家以欧美地区的发达国家为主;中国科学院大学与美国环境保护局为发表相关文章较多的机构,发文量分别为319和222篇.④Environmental Health Perspectives是发文量最多的期刊,“环境科学”与“毒理学”是发文量最多的学科领域.研究显示,国内外在EDCs领域的研究脉络大致相同,主要集中在双酚A、壬基酚等EDCs的毒性效应、机制以及环境检测领域,未来还应加强EDCs复合暴露及毒性修复的研究.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No. 2008CB418200)Environmental Public Welfare Program(Grant No. 2010009032)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U0833603, 40973090)
文摘In this study, toxicological data for zinc （Zn）, cadmium （Cd）, hexavalent chromium （Cr （VI））, benzene, and nitrobenzene were collected from various databases and publications, screened and then constructed into species sensitivity distribution （SSD） curves. Then water quality criteria （WQC） were derived for protection of the freshwater aquatic life in China against five representative pollutants. The values derived in this study were compared with those issued by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Chinese national environmental standard for surface water to identify factors underlying the differences. The results showed that the SSD curves for the five pollutants differed significantly, with the examined aquatic species being gen- erally more sensitive to Zn, Cd, and Cr （VI） than benzene and nitrobenzene. The acute WQC were： 48.43 μg L-1 for Zn, 0.4218 μg L-1 for Cd, 45.79μg L-1 for Cr （VI）, 2651 μg L-1 for benzene, and 1426 μg L-1 for nitrobenzene. The chronic WQC were： 20.01μg L-1 for Zn, 0.2428 μg L-j for Cd, 14.22 μg L-1 for Cr （VI）, 530.2 μg L J for benzene, and 286.2 μg L-1 for nitroben- zene. The results of this comparative study of representative pollutants may offer guideline values for future WQC studies for China.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No. 2008CB418200)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U0833603, 41130743)
文摘The concentrations of PAHs in the surface waters from seven river basins in China were summarized from literature published from 2000-2010. Subsequently, the risks from individual PAHs and Y. PAHs in the surface waters of China were quantified by comparing the overlap between the probability distributions of exposure concentrations with the probability distributions of toxicity data. The results show that the concentrations of 15 PAHs in the surface waters ranged from 3.09 to 38139.00 ng L-a, with a geometric mean of 474.93 ng L-1. The significantly higher concentrations of the 15 PAHs occurred in the surface waters from northern China when compared with those from southern China. The concentrations of the 15 PAHs in Chinese surface waters were higher than those in other waters worldwide. The MOSI0 （margin of safety） values were calculated at 90th percen- tile values of exposure concentrations and 10th percentile values of toxicity data, with 5.75, 0.17, 2.33, 0.30, 0.57, 1.74, 1.05, and 0.11 for Ace, Ant, Flu, BaP, Flua, Nap, Phe, and Pyr, respectively. The probabilities of the individual PAH concentrations exceeding the 10th percentile value of the toxicity data were 6.06%, 2.07%, 9.51%, and 2.07% for Nap, Ace, Phe, and Flu, re- spectively, suggesting minimal risk to aquatic organisms; however, the probabilities of BaP, Ant, Flua, and Pyr exceeding this value were 19.49%, 25.46%, 15.15%, and 30.50%, respectively, indicating potential risks. Among the individual PAHs, the ecological risk from Pyr was the highest, followed by, in descending order of risk, Ant, Bap, Flua, Phe, Nap, Flu, and Ace. Additionally, the combined ecological risk of ~ PAH8 in Chinese surface waters was significantly higher than any that of in- dividual PAHs alone. The MOS0 values in the river basins were 〈 1, except for the Haihe River Basin, suggesting a potential combined risk from E PAH8 in the other six fiver basins. The probabilities calculation indicate that low to high ecological risk from E PAH8 for all aquatic species was reported in the Liaohe River Basin （65.58%）, Huaihe River Basin （57.15%）, Songhua River Basin （46.49%）, Pearl River Basin （38.41%）, Yangtze River Basin （25.98%）, Yellow River Basin （15.92%）, and Haihe River Basin （5.22%）.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB421605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20737003&20877089)
文摘Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209)is poorly absorbed by mammals,and little information is available on the toxicokinetics of BDE209 and its metabolites in fish.In the present study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)were administered to 100 ng/g and 500 ng/g body wet weight of BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection and parent BDE209 and its metabolites were sequentially monitored for 28 days.The results showed that toxicokinetic profiles of BDE209 could be described by the one-compartment model.In the higher dose group(500 ng/g wet weight),the calculated half-life(t1/2)and elimination rate(ke)were 17.7 d and 0.039/d in the liver,and 100.3 d and 0.007/d in the muscle,respectively.Three major methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers(MeO-BDEs)were detected with 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromo-5-methoxydiphenyl ether(5-MeO-BDE47)being detected in all tissue samples.There was no significant temporal change of 5-MeO-BDE47 concentration in the muscle,whereas an exponential increase was observed in the liver.Therefore,the metabolism rate of BDE209 depended on the administered dose.BDE209 was hardly accumulated in the muscle of rainbow trout,while the liver was a primary metabolic organ.MeO-BDEs were formed via metabolism of BDE209,which probably played a significant role in fish toxicology as a potential indicator.
