Nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))present in flue gas are economically renewable N1 resources.Unlike traditional selective catalytic reduction processes that convert NO into N_(2),redirecting NO towards the synthesis of value-ad...Nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))present in flue gas are economically renewable N1 resources.Unlike traditional selective catalytic reduction processes that convert NO into N_(2),redirecting NO towards the synthesis of value-added NH_(3)offers significant practical benefits.In this study,a Ti-based metal-organic framework(Ti-MOF),specifically MIL-125,was utilized as a support for Fe,which was subsequently calcined at 400℃to produce a Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF catalyst.The resulting catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance,achieving 99%NO conversion and 95%NH_(3)selectivity under optimal conditions of 450℃,0.1 MPa,and a gas hourly space velocity of 38000 mL g^(–1)h^(−1).Additionally,the catalyst exhibited excellent stability and resistance to water and sulfur.The high efficiency of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF is attributed to the abundance of Fe^(2+)sites at the reaction temperature,which enhances NO adsorption and activation.Furthermore,density functional theory calculations suggest that NO undergoes hydrogenation at the N-terminus on the Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF surface,leading directly to NH_(3)synthesis rather than dissociation followed by hydrogenation.This catalyst presents a novel approach for converting NO_(x)into high-value chemical products.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies...AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies. A total of 10 casecontrol studies including 2288 cases and 4096 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manage version 4.2. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association.RESULTS: The results suggested that there is no significant association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in the overall population. However, in subgroup analysis by histology type, a significant association was found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal adenocarcinoma (for CC vs AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55, P = 0.05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.展开更多
In this study, a novel scaled-up hybrid acidogenic bioreactor（HAB） was designed and adopted to evaluate the performance of azo dye（acid red G, ARG） containing wastewater treatment. Principally, HAB is an acidogeni...In this study, a novel scaled-up hybrid acidogenic bioreactor（HAB） was designed and adopted to evaluate the performance of azo dye（acid red G, ARG） containing wastewater treatment. Principally, HAB is an acidogenic bioreactor coupled with a biocatalyzed electrolysis module. The effects of hydraulic retention time（HRT） and ARG loading rate on the performance of HAB were investigated. In addition, the influent was switched from synthetic wastewater to domestic wastewater to examine the key parameters for the application of HAB. The results showed that the introduction of the biocatalyzed electrolysis module could enhance anoxic decolorization and COD（chemical oxygen demand） removal. The combined process of HAB-CASS presented superior performance compared to a control system without biocatalyzed electrolysis（AB-CASS）. When the influent was switched to domestic wastewater, with an environment having more balanced nutrients and diverse organic matters, the ARG, COD and nitrogen removal efficiencies of HAB-CASS were further improved, reaching 73.3% ± 2.5%, 86.2% ± 3.8% and 93.5% ± 1.6% at HRT of 6 hr, respectively, which were much higher than those of AB-CASS（61.1% ± 4.7%,75.4% ± 5.0% and 82.1% ± 2.1%, respectively）. Moreover, larger TCV/TV（total cathode volume/total volume） for HAB led to higher current and ARG removal. The ARG removal efficiency and current at TCV/TV of 0.15 were 39.2% ± 3.7% and 28.30 ± 1.48 mA,respectively. They were significantly increased to 62.1% ± 2.0% and 34.55 ± 0.83 mA at TCV/TV of 0.25. These results show that HAB system could be used to effectively treat real wastewater.展开更多
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a deadly malignancy known for its ability to evade immune surveillance.NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase family member 2(NSUN2),an RNA methyltransferase involved in carcinogenes...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a deadly malignancy known for its ability to evade immune surveillance.NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase family member 2(NSUN2),an RNA methyltransferase involved in carcinogenesis,has been associated with immune evasion and energy metabolism reprogramming.This study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of NSUN2 in immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming of HCC.Methods:Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing was applied to examine cellular composition changes,particularly immune cell dynamics,in HCC and adjacent normal tissues.Bulk RNA-seq and proteomics identified key genes and proteins.Methylation sequencing and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation(MeRIP)were carried out to characterize the role of NSUN2 in 5-methylcytosine(m5C)modification of sterol O-acyltransferase 2(SOAT2).Clinical samples from 30 HCC patients were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.Gene expression was manipulated using CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral vectors.In vitro co-culture models and metabolomics were used to study HCC cell-T cell interactions,energy metabolism,and immune evasion.Tumor growth in an orthotopic mouse model was monitored by bioluminescence imaging,with subsequent measurements of tumor weight,volume,and immunohistochemical staining.Results:Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identified a marked increase in malignant cells in HCC tissues.Cell communication analysis indicated that tumor cells might promote cancer progression by evading immune clearance.Multi-omics analyses identified NSUN2 as a key regulator in HCC development.MeRIP confirmed that NSUN2 facilitated the m5C modification of SOAT2.Analysis of human HCC tissue samples demonstrated pronounced upregulation of NSUN2 and SOAT2,along with elevated m5C levels in HCC tissues.In vitro experiments uncovered that NSUN2 augmented the reprogramming of energy metabolism and repressed the activity and cytotoxicity of CD8+T cells,contributing to immune evasion.In vivo studies further substantiated the role of NSUN2 in fostering immune evasion and tumor formation of HCC by modulating the m5C modification of SOAT2.Conclusions:The findings highlight the critical role of NSUN2 in driving HCC progression through the regulation of m5C modification on SOAT2.These findings present potential molecular markers for HCC diagnosis and therapeutic targets for its treatment.展开更多
Lenvatinib,a multi-kinase inhibitor,has been approved asfirst-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its efficacy is limited.We have shown previously that lenvatinib and epidermal growth factor ...Lenvatinib,a multi-kinase inhibitor,has been approved asfirst-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its efficacy is limited.We have shown previously that lenvatinib and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFRTKI)combination therapy overcomes lenvatinib resistance in HCC with high level of EGFR expression(EGFR^(high)).We present here the results of a single-arm,open-label,exploratory study of lenvatinib plus the EGFR-TKI gefitinib for patients with HCC resistance to lenvatinib(NCT04642547;n=30).Only patients with EGFR^(high) HCC and progressive disease after lenvatinib treatment were recruited in the study.The most frequent adverse events of all grades were fatigue(27 patients;90%),followed by rash(25 patients;83.3%),diarrhea(24 patients;80%),and anorexia(12 patients;40%).Among 30 patients,9(30%)achieved a confirmed partial response and 14(46.7%)had stable disease according to mRECIST criteria.Based on RECIST1.1,5(16.7%)achieved a confirmed partial response and 18(60%)had stable disease.The estimated median progression free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)time were 4.4 months(95%CI:2.5 to 5.9)and13.7 months(95%CI:9.0 to NA),respectively.The objective response rate(ORR)of the patients in the present study compares very favorable to that seen for the two approved second line treatments for HCC(cabozantinib ORR of 4%;regorafenib ORR of 11%).Given that this combination was well-tolerated,a further clinical study of this combination is warranted.展开更多
A sediment microbial fuel cell （SMFC） with three dimensional floating biocathode （FBC） was developed for the electricity generation and biodegradation of sediment organic matter in order to avoid negative effect o...A sediment microbial fuel cell （SMFC） with three dimensional floating biocathode （FBC） was developed for the electricity generation and biodegradation of sediment organic matter in order to avoid negative effect of dissolved oxygen （DO） depletion in aqueous environments on cathode performance and search cost-effective cathode materials. The biocathode was made from graphite granules with microbial attachment to replace platinum （Pt）-coated carbon paper cathode in a laboratory-scale SMFC （3 L in volume） filled with river sediment （organic content 49±4 g. kg^-1 dry weight）. After start-up of 10 days, the maximum power density of 1.00W.m^-3 （based on anode volume） was achieved. The biocathode was better than carbon paper cathode catalyzed by Pt. The attached biofilm on cathode enhanced power generation significantly. The FBC enhanced SMFC performance further in the presence aeration. The SMFC was continuously operated for an over 120-day period. Power generation peaked within 24 days, declined gradually and stabilized at a level of 1/6 peak power output. At the end, the sediment organic matter content near the anode was removed by 29% and the total electricity generated was equal to 0.251 g of chemical oxygen demand （COD） removed.展开更多
Dear Editor,Available evidence regarding the most suitable treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus(IVCTT)is extremely limited,and the median overall survival time f...Dear Editor,Available evidence regarding the most suitable treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus(IVCTT)is extremely limited,and the median overall survival time for these patients after liver resection is only 17.76 months[1].Other local or systemic treatments for HCC with IVCTT result in a median overall survival time ranging from 5.88 to 15.36 months[1–3].Thus,new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve the survival of HCC patients with IVCTT.Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has seen success in treating B-cell neoplasms with impressive outcomes[4].However,this therapy alone has shown limited efficacy on solid tumors,such as HCC[5].展开更多
Local ablation technologies, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) andcryoablation, have become a standard treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) less than5 cm in size, particula...Local ablation technologies, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) andcryoablation, have become a standard treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) less than5 cm in size, particularly in individuals who are not candidates for hepatectomy. Except for equivalentprognosis and efficiency, RFA has various advantages over surgical excision, including a lower rate ofcomplications, a cheaper cost, more normal tissue preservation, and a shorter hospital stay. However, therate of tumor recurrence and/or distant metastasis after RFA therapy is still high. RFA has been widelyemployed in multiple cancers, large cancer, and lesion identified at “high-risk” sites in recent years, withthe advancement of ablation types and operating techniques, particularly the combined use of manytechnologies. The real value of RFA technology has been more fully reflected.We will examine the status,progress, and problems of RFA in the treatment of HCC in this review.展开更多
Ammonia is crucial in industry and agriculture, but its production is hindered by environmental concerns and energy-intensive processes. Hence, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst is imperati...Ammonia is crucial in industry and agriculture, but its production is hindered by environmental concerns and energy-intensive processes. Hence, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst is imperative. In this study, we employed a straightforward and efficient impregnation technique to create various Cu-doped catalysts. Notably, the optimized 10Fe-8Cu/TiO_(2) catalyst exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in converting NO to NH3, achieving an NO conversion rate exceeding 80% and an NH3 selectivity exceeding 98% at atmospheric pressure and 350 °C. We employed in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and conducted density functional theory calculations to investigate the intermediates and subsequent adsorption. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate that Cu doping enhances the rate-limiting hydrogenation step and lowers the energy barrier for NH3 desorption, thereby resulting in improved NO conversion and enhanced selectivity toward ammonia. This study presents a pioneering approach toward energy-efficient ammonia synthesis and recycling of nitrogen sources.展开更多
Background The global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused many negative effects on physical and mental health of patients who have survived COVID-19.Apart from some long-lasting physical sequelae,those COVID-...Background The global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused many negative effects on physical and mental health of patients who have survived COVID-19.Apart from some long-lasting physical sequelae,those COVID-19 survivors are also suffering stigma and discrimination at different levels around the world.The current study aims to assess the role resilience played in stigma and mental disorders among COVID-19 survivors.Methods The cross-sectional study was carried out among former COVID-19 patients in Jianghan District(Wuhan,China)from June 10 to July 25,2021.The demographic questions,the Impact of Events Scale-Revised,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire,the Patient Health Questionnaire,the Resilience Style Questionnaire and the Short Version of COVID-19 Stigma Scale of 12 items were used to collect relevant information of the participants.Descriptive analyses,Pearson correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were used to make data description and analysis.Results A total of 1541 out of 1601 COVID-19 survivors(887 females and 654 males)were included in the analysis.Perceived stigma of those COVID-19 survivors correlates significantly with anxiety(r=0.335,P<0.001),depression(r=0.325,P<0.001)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)(r=0.384,P<0.001).It has a direct effect on COVID-19 survivors’anxiety(β=0.326,P<0.001),depression(β=0.314,P<0.001),PTSD(β=0.385,P<0.001)and their resilience(β=−0.114,P<0.01).Resilience partially mediated the association between perceived stigma and anxiety(β=0.020,P<0.01),depression(β=0.020,P<0.01),and PTSD(β=0.014,P<0.01)among COVID-19 survivors.Conclusion Stigma has a significant negative impact on mental health,while resilience plays a mediator role in the relationship between stigma and mental health among COVID-19 survivors.Based on our study,we suggested that when designing psychological interventions for COVID-19 survivors,consideration should be taken into account to reduce stigma and improve resilience.展开更多
文摘Nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))present in flue gas are economically renewable N1 resources.Unlike traditional selective catalytic reduction processes that convert NO into N_(2),redirecting NO towards the synthesis of value-added NH_(3)offers significant practical benefits.In this study,a Ti-based metal-organic framework(Ti-MOF),specifically MIL-125,was utilized as a support for Fe,which was subsequently calcined at 400℃to produce a Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF catalyst.The resulting catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance,achieving 99%NO conversion and 95%NH_(3)selectivity under optimal conditions of 450℃,0.1 MPa,and a gas hourly space velocity of 38000 mL g^(–1)h^(−1).Additionally,the catalyst exhibited excellent stability and resistance to water and sulfur.The high efficiency of Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF is attributed to the abundance of Fe^(2+)sites at the reaction temperature,which enhances NO adsorption and activation.Furthermore,density functional theory calculations suggest that NO undergoes hydrogenation at the N-terminus on the Fe_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)-MOF surface,leading directly to NH_(3)synthesis rather than dissociation followed by hydrogenation.This catalyst presents a novel approach for converting NO_(x)into high-value chemical products.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the association between xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD), genetic polymorphism Lys751Gln and esophageal cancer risk. METHODS: We searched PubMed up to September 1, 2010 to identify eligible studies. A total of 10 casecontrol studies including 2288 cases and 4096 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manage version 4.2. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association.RESULTS: The results suggested that there is no significant association between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility in the overall population. However, in subgroup analysis by histology type, a significant association was found between XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism and esophageal adenocarcinoma (for CC vs AA: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.55, P = 0.05 for heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment) (No. 2014ZX07204-005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51222812, 31370157, 21407164, 51508551)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M580140)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 51225802)Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 29BR2013001)
文摘In this study, a novel scaled-up hybrid acidogenic bioreactor（HAB） was designed and adopted to evaluate the performance of azo dye（acid red G, ARG） containing wastewater treatment. Principally, HAB is an acidogenic bioreactor coupled with a biocatalyzed electrolysis module. The effects of hydraulic retention time（HRT） and ARG loading rate on the performance of HAB were investigated. In addition, the influent was switched from synthetic wastewater to domestic wastewater to examine the key parameters for the application of HAB. The results showed that the introduction of the biocatalyzed electrolysis module could enhance anoxic decolorization and COD（chemical oxygen demand） removal. The combined process of HAB-CASS presented superior performance compared to a control system without biocatalyzed electrolysis（AB-CASS）. When the influent was switched to domestic wastewater, with an environment having more balanced nutrients and diverse organic matters, the ARG, COD and nitrogen removal efficiencies of HAB-CASS were further improved, reaching 73.3% ± 2.5%, 86.2% ± 3.8% and 93.5% ± 1.6% at HRT of 6 hr, respectively, which were much higher than those of AB-CASS（61.1% ± 4.7%,75.4% ± 5.0% and 82.1% ± 2.1%, respectively）. Moreover, larger TCV/TV（total cathode volume/total volume） for HAB led to higher current and ARG removal. The ARG removal efficiency and current at TCV/TV of 0.15 were 39.2% ± 3.7% and 28.30 ± 1.48 mA,respectively. They were significantly increased to 62.1% ± 2.0% and 34.55 ± 0.83 mA at TCV/TV of 0.25. These results show that HAB system could be used to effectively treat real wastewater.
基金supported by the Youth Fund of National Natural Science Foundation Projects(Grant Number 81802106)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 81472610 and 81672310)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project of China(Grant Number 2019M661523).
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a deadly malignancy known for its ability to evade immune surveillance.NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase family member 2(NSUN2),an RNA methyltransferase involved in carcinogenesis,has been associated with immune evasion and energy metabolism reprogramming.This study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of NSUN2 in immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming of HCC.Methods:Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing was applied to examine cellular composition changes,particularly immune cell dynamics,in HCC and adjacent normal tissues.Bulk RNA-seq and proteomics identified key genes and proteins.Methylation sequencing and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation(MeRIP)were carried out to characterize the role of NSUN2 in 5-methylcytosine(m5C)modification of sterol O-acyltransferase 2(SOAT2).Clinical samples from 30 HCC patients were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.Gene expression was manipulated using CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral vectors.In vitro co-culture models and metabolomics were used to study HCC cell-T cell interactions,energy metabolism,and immune evasion.Tumor growth in an orthotopic mouse model was monitored by bioluminescence imaging,with subsequent measurements of tumor weight,volume,and immunohistochemical staining.Results:Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identified a marked increase in malignant cells in HCC tissues.Cell communication analysis indicated that tumor cells might promote cancer progression by evading immune clearance.Multi-omics analyses identified NSUN2 as a key regulator in HCC development.MeRIP confirmed that NSUN2 facilitated the m5C modification of SOAT2.Analysis of human HCC tissue samples demonstrated pronounced upregulation of NSUN2 and SOAT2,along with elevated m5C levels in HCC tissues.In vitro experiments uncovered that NSUN2 augmented the reprogramming of energy metabolism and repressed the activity and cytotoxicity of CD8+T cells,contributing to immune evasion.In vivo studies further substantiated the role of NSUN2 in fostering immune evasion and tumor formation of HCC by modulating the m5C modification of SOAT2.Conclusions:The findings highlight the critical role of NSUN2 in driving HCC progression through the regulation of m5C modification on SOAT2.These findings present potential molecular markers for HCC diagnosis and therapeutic targets for its treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(Nos.82222047,82073039,82330095,81502672,and 82070619)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(No.22XD1423100)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2804300)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(2022XD057)the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(23ZR1439000 and 22S11900500).
文摘Lenvatinib,a multi-kinase inhibitor,has been approved asfirst-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but its efficacy is limited.We have shown previously that lenvatinib and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFRTKI)combination therapy overcomes lenvatinib resistance in HCC with high level of EGFR expression(EGFR^(high)).We present here the results of a single-arm,open-label,exploratory study of lenvatinib plus the EGFR-TKI gefitinib for patients with HCC resistance to lenvatinib(NCT04642547;n=30).Only patients with EGFR^(high) HCC and progressive disease after lenvatinib treatment were recruited in the study.The most frequent adverse events of all grades were fatigue(27 patients;90%),followed by rash(25 patients;83.3%),diarrhea(24 patients;80%),and anorexia(12 patients;40%).Among 30 patients,9(30%)achieved a confirmed partial response and 14(46.7%)had stable disease according to mRECIST criteria.Based on RECIST1.1,5(16.7%)achieved a confirmed partial response and 18(60%)had stable disease.The estimated median progression free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)time were 4.4 months(95%CI:2.5 to 5.9)and13.7 months(95%CI:9.0 to NA),respectively.The objective response rate(ORR)of the patients in the present study compares very favorable to that seen for the two approved second line treatments for HCC(cabozantinib ORR of 4%;regorafenib ORR of 11%).Given that this combination was well-tolerated,a further clinical study of this combination is warranted.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 50878062 and 51078100）, the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, HIT, China （No. 2010DX11）, the National HighTechnology Research and Development Program of China （No. 2009AA064702） and the National Water Pollution Control Technology Major Projects of China （No. 2008ZX0720%005）.
文摘A sediment microbial fuel cell （SMFC） with three dimensional floating biocathode （FBC） was developed for the electricity generation and biodegradation of sediment organic matter in order to avoid negative effect of dissolved oxygen （DO） depletion in aqueous environments on cathode performance and search cost-effective cathode materials. The biocathode was made from graphite granules with microbial attachment to replace platinum （Pt）-coated carbon paper cathode in a laboratory-scale SMFC （3 L in volume） filled with river sediment （organic content 49±4 g. kg^-1 dry weight）. After start-up of 10 days, the maximum power density of 1.00W.m^-3 （based on anode volume） was achieved. The biocathode was better than carbon paper cathode catalyzed by Pt. The attached biofilm on cathode enhanced power generation significantly. The FBC enhanced SMFC performance further in the presence aeration. The SMFC was continuously operated for an over 120-day period. Power generation peaked within 24 days, declined gradually and stabilized at a level of 1/6 peak power output. At the end, the sediment organic matter content near the anode was removed by 29% and the total electricity generated was equal to 0.251 g of chemical oxygen demand （COD） removed.
基金This clinical study(NCT02395250)was supported by the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes(91-15-04)the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist(No.16XD1402600)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation(Nos.81502672,82222047,82073039,and 82070619)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(No.22XD1423100)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.16DZ1910700)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Grant(No.23ZR1439000).
文摘Dear Editor,Available evidence regarding the most suitable treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus(IVCTT)is extremely limited,and the median overall survival time for these patients after liver resection is only 17.76 months[1].Other local or systemic treatments for HCC with IVCTT result in a median overall survival time ranging from 5.88 to 15.36 months[1–3].Thus,new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve the survival of HCC patients with IVCTT.Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has seen success in treating B-cell neoplasms with impressive outcomes[4].However,this therapy alone has shown limited efficacy on solid tumors,such as HCC[5].
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC0122300)the General programs of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82070619)to B.Zhai。
文摘Local ablation technologies, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) andcryoablation, have become a standard treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) less than5 cm in size, particularly in individuals who are not candidates for hepatectomy. Except for equivalentprognosis and efficiency, RFA has various advantages over surgical excision, including a lower rate ofcomplications, a cheaper cost, more normal tissue preservation, and a shorter hospital stay. However, therate of tumor recurrence and/or distant metastasis after RFA therapy is still high. RFA has been widelyemployed in multiple cancers, large cancer, and lesion identified at “high-risk” sites in recent years, withthe advancement of ablation types and operating techniques, particularly the combined use of manytechnologies. The real value of RFA technology has been more fully reflected.We will examine the status,progress, and problems of RFA in the treatment of HCC in this review.
文摘Ammonia is crucial in industry and agriculture, but its production is hindered by environmental concerns and energy-intensive processes. Hence, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst is imperative. In this study, we employed a straightforward and efficient impregnation technique to create various Cu-doped catalysts. Notably, the optimized 10Fe-8Cu/TiO_(2) catalyst exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in converting NO to NH3, achieving an NO conversion rate exceeding 80% and an NH3 selectivity exceeding 98% at atmospheric pressure and 350 °C. We employed in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and conducted density functional theory calculations to investigate the intermediates and subsequent adsorption. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate that Cu doping enhances the rate-limiting hydrogenation step and lowers the energy barrier for NH3 desorption, thereby resulting in improved NO conversion and enhanced selectivity toward ammonia. This study presents a pioneering approach toward energy-efficient ammonia synthesis and recycling of nitrogen sources.
文摘Background The global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused many negative effects on physical and mental health of patients who have survived COVID-19.Apart from some long-lasting physical sequelae,those COVID-19 survivors are also suffering stigma and discrimination at different levels around the world.The current study aims to assess the role resilience played in stigma and mental disorders among COVID-19 survivors.Methods The cross-sectional study was carried out among former COVID-19 patients in Jianghan District(Wuhan,China)from June 10 to July 25,2021.The demographic questions,the Impact of Events Scale-Revised,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire,the Patient Health Questionnaire,the Resilience Style Questionnaire and the Short Version of COVID-19 Stigma Scale of 12 items were used to collect relevant information of the participants.Descriptive analyses,Pearson correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were used to make data description and analysis.Results A total of 1541 out of 1601 COVID-19 survivors(887 females and 654 males)were included in the analysis.Perceived stigma of those COVID-19 survivors correlates significantly with anxiety(r=0.335,P<0.001),depression(r=0.325,P<0.001)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)(r=0.384,P<0.001).It has a direct effect on COVID-19 survivors’anxiety(β=0.326,P<0.001),depression(β=0.314,P<0.001),PTSD(β=0.385,P<0.001)and their resilience(β=−0.114,P<0.01).Resilience partially mediated the association between perceived stigma and anxiety(β=0.020,P<0.01),depression(β=0.020,P<0.01),and PTSD(β=0.014,P<0.01)among COVID-19 survivors.Conclusion Stigma has a significant negative impact on mental health,while resilience plays a mediator role in the relationship between stigma and mental health among COVID-19 survivors.Based on our study,we suggested that when designing psychological interventions for COVID-19 survivors,consideration should be taken into account to reduce stigma and improve resilience.
