该研究旨在分析不同产区修水宁红茶的香气组分及感官品质差异,探讨产区对其品质的影响。采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)分...该研究旨在分析不同产区修水宁红茶的香气组分及感官品质差异,探讨产区对其品质的影响。采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析3个产区的修水宁红茶香气组分,并运用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discrimination analysis,PLS-DA)评估产区对香气组分的影响,结合偏最小二乘回归变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection,VIP)分析、单因素方差分析(P<0.05)以及计算气味活性值(odor activity value,OAV)确定关键香气组分。共鉴定出99种香气组分,包括醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、萜烯类、烷烃类和酸类。PCA和PLS-DA表明,产区对修水宁红茶的香气组分具有显著影响。结合VIP分析,共筛选出22种VIP值大于1的香气组分,通过方差分析进一步筛选出8种香气组分,确定了(E)-3-己烯-1-醇、(E)-呋喃芳樟醇氧化物、δ-杜松烯、正己醛、(Z)-3-己烯己酸酯和苯甲醇是修水宁红茶的关键呈香物质。该研究揭示了产区对修水宁红茶香气组分的显著影响,确定了关键呈香物质,明确了其对感官品质的贡献,为修水宁红茶的香味调控和品质提升提供了科学依据和研究基础。展开更多
Background Cardiorenal syndrome(CRS)is a clinical syndrome with a complex mechanism,and there is currently no specific treatment.Gingerol was confirmed to possess anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and cardiotonic properti...Background Cardiorenal syndrome(CRS)is a clinical syndrome with a complex mechanism,and there is currently no specific treatment.Gingerol was confirmed to possess anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and cardiotonic properties as cardiovascular pharmacological effects.However,in vivo studies have yet to prove that it can improve cardiac function and inhibit fibrosis in rats with cardiorenal syndrome.Methods In this study,34 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control(n=9),model(n=12)and gingerol groups(n=13).The model and the gingerol groups underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy to construct a type 2 cardiorenal syndrome rat model.The rats in gingerol group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg gingerol.The same amount of saline was administered to both the control and the model groups.Following 4 weeks of treatment,the rat cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis were evaluated by cardiac ultrasound and blood biochemistry.Results Biochemical results showed that the brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels of gingerol group decreased(P<0.05).Cardiac ultrasound revealed that gingerol improved cardiac systolic function and ventricular remodeling(P<0.05).The systolic function of the model group was significantly decreased compared with the control group.Masson staining confirmed that the fibrosis area in the model group was significantly augmented than that in the control group,while the area of fibrosis in the gingerol group was diminished compared to the model group(P<0.01).Moreover,immunofluorescence showed that compared with the control group,the expression of collagen 1,TGF-β1 andα-SMA was significantly increased in the model group,and both collagen deposition and the expression of collagen I,TGF-β1 andα-SMA decreased in gingerol group.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of collagen 1 andα-SMA was significantly increased in the model group compared with the control group,while it was decreased in gingerol group(P<0.05).Conclusions Gingerol can improve the cardiac function and cardiac fibrosis in rats with cardiorenal syndrome.展开更多
文摘该研究旨在分析不同产区修水宁红茶的香气组分及感官品质差异,探讨产区对其品质的影响。采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术(headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析3个产区的修水宁红茶香气组分,并运用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discrimination analysis,PLS-DA)评估产区对香气组分的影响,结合偏最小二乘回归变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection,VIP)分析、单因素方差分析(P<0.05)以及计算气味活性值(odor activity value,OAV)确定关键香气组分。共鉴定出99种香气组分,包括醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、萜烯类、烷烃类和酸类。PCA和PLS-DA表明,产区对修水宁红茶的香气组分具有显著影响。结合VIP分析,共筛选出22种VIP值大于1的香气组分,通过方差分析进一步筛选出8种香气组分,确定了(E)-3-己烯-1-醇、(E)-呋喃芳樟醇氧化物、δ-杜松烯、正己醛、(Z)-3-己烯己酸酯和苯甲醇是修水宁红茶的关键呈香物质。该研究揭示了产区对修水宁红茶香气组分的显著影响,确定了关键呈香物质,明确了其对感官品质的贡献,为修水宁红茶的香味调控和品质提升提供了科学依据和研究基础。
文摘Background Cardiorenal syndrome(CRS)is a clinical syndrome with a complex mechanism,and there is currently no specific treatment.Gingerol was confirmed to possess anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and cardiotonic properties as cardiovascular pharmacological effects.However,in vivo studies have yet to prove that it can improve cardiac function and inhibit fibrosis in rats with cardiorenal syndrome.Methods In this study,34 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into control(n=9),model(n=12)and gingerol groups(n=13).The model and the gingerol groups underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy to construct a type 2 cardiorenal syndrome rat model.The rats in gingerol group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg gingerol.The same amount of saline was administered to both the control and the model groups.Following 4 weeks of treatment,the rat cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis were evaluated by cardiac ultrasound and blood biochemistry.Results Biochemical results showed that the brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)levels of gingerol group decreased(P<0.05).Cardiac ultrasound revealed that gingerol improved cardiac systolic function and ventricular remodeling(P<0.05).The systolic function of the model group was significantly decreased compared with the control group.Masson staining confirmed that the fibrosis area in the model group was significantly augmented than that in the control group,while the area of fibrosis in the gingerol group was diminished compared to the model group(P<0.01).Moreover,immunofluorescence showed that compared with the control group,the expression of collagen 1,TGF-β1 andα-SMA was significantly increased in the model group,and both collagen deposition and the expression of collagen I,TGF-β1 andα-SMA decreased in gingerol group.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of collagen 1 andα-SMA was significantly increased in the model group compared with the control group,while it was decreased in gingerol group(P<0.05).Conclusions Gingerol can improve the cardiac function and cardiac fibrosis in rats with cardiorenal syndrome.
