Drought stress is a serious natural challenge for tea plants that significantly affects tea yield and quality.miR171s play critical roles in plant stress responses,however,their role in drought stress tolerance in tea...Drought stress is a serious natural challenge for tea plants that significantly affects tea yield and quality.miR171s play critical roles in plant stress responses,however,their role in drought stress tolerance in tea plants(Camellia sinensis)is poorly understood.This study experimentally verified the expression patterns of csn-miR171b-3p_2 and its target,scarecrow-like(SCL).We found that csn-miR171b-3p_2 could target and regulate CsSCL6-4 to play an important role in the defense against drought stress in tea plants.CsSCL6-4 is located in the nucleus and is selfactivated in vivo.In addition,we obtained 819 putative binding regions of CsSCL6-4 using DNA affinity purification sequencing analysis,which were assigned to 786 different genes,four of which were drought-resistant genes(CsPrx,CsSDR,CsFAD7,and CsCER1).Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that CsSCL6-4 directly promoted the expression of these four drought resistance genes by binding motifs 1/2/3 in their promoter regions.Both overexpression and suppression of CsSCL6-4 proved that CsSCL6-4 participated in the defense against drought stress in tea plants by regulating the expression of CsPrx,CsSDR,CsFAD7,and CsCER1.In addition,suppression of csn-miR171b-3p_2 expression significantly increased the expression of CsSCL6-4 and activated CsSCL6-4-bound gene transcription under drought stress.Therefore,the csn-miR171b-3p_2-CsSCL6-4 module participates in tea plant resistance to drought stress by promoting the expression of drought resistance genes.Our results revealed the function of csn-miR171b-3p_2 in tea plants and provided new insights into the mechanism of tea plant resistance to drought stress.展开更多
In this paper,a novel guidance law is proposed which can achieve the desired impact speed and angle simultaneously for unpowered gliding vehicles.A guidance law with only impact angle constraint is used to produce the...In this paper,a novel guidance law is proposed which can achieve the desired impact speed and angle simultaneously for unpowered gliding vehicles.A guidance law with only impact angle constraint is used to produce the guidance profile,and its convergence in the varying speed scenario is proved.A relationship between flight states,guidance input and impact speed is established.By applying the fixed-time convergence control theory of error dynamics,an impact speed corrector is built with the above guidance profile,which can implement impact speed correction without affecting the impact angle constraint.Numerical simulations with various impact speed and angle constraints are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed guidance law,and the robustness is also verified by Monte Carlo tests.展开更多
Itaconate,a macrophage-specific anti-inflammatory metabolite,has recently emerged as a critical regulator in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.We found that itaconate is a TNF-αresponsive metabolite significantly ele...Itaconate,a macrophage-specific anti-inflammatory metabolite,has recently emerged as a critical regulator in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.We found that itaconate is a TNF-αresponsive metabolite significantly elevated in the serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients and we demonstrated that itaconate is primarily produced by inflammatory macrophages rather than osteoclasts or osteoblasts.In TNF-transgenic and Irg1−/−hybrid mice,a more severe bone destruction phenotype was observed.展开更多
Microalloyed steels are extensively utilized in the automotive industry for their superior strength–toughness synergy.Structural components,such as cranks,wheels,and front axles,are subjected to fluctuating or repeti...Microalloyed steels are extensively utilized in the automotive industry for their superior strength–toughness synergy.Structural components,such as cranks,wheels,and front axles,are subjected to fluctuating or repetitive stresses during service,which cause fatigue damage or failure.Therefore,improving the fatigue properties of microalloyed steels is crucial to broaden their applications.An overview of the factors affecting the fatigue properties of microalloyed steels is provided,beginning with a concise description of microalloyed steels,followed by a discussion of key factors,such as microstructure,precipitation,and non-metallic inclusions,that influence fatigue performance.Strategies for enhancing fatigue properties are also explored,including non-metallic inclusion modification,surface treatment,and microstructure tailoring.Modification treatment of non-metallic inclusions can alter their morphology,size,quantity,distribution,etc.,thereby reducing the adverse effect on fatigue performance.The surface treatment enhances resistance to crack initiation by introducing compressive residual stress or refining the surface microstructure.Microstructure tailoring involves various heat treatment processes that can slow fatigue crack growth.Ultimately,the latest developments and future prospects of fatigue properties in microalloyed steels,based on academic research and industrial practices,are also summarized.展开更多
We present a method using Zernike moments for quantifying rotational and reflectional symmetries in scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)images,aimed at improving structural analysis of materials at the atom...We present a method using Zernike moments for quantifying rotational and reflectional symmetries in scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)images,aimed at improving structural analysis of materials at the atomic scale.This technique is effective against common imaging noises and is potentially suited for low-dose imaging and identifying quantum defects.We showcase its utility in the unsupervised segmentation of polytypes in a twisted bilayer TaS_(2),enabling accurate differentiation of structural phases and monitoring transitions caused by electron beam effects.This approach enhances the analysis of structural variations in crystalline materials,marking a notable advancement in the characterization of structures in materials science.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and goblet cell-stimulating effects of a suspension of Ophiopogon japonicus(L.f.)Ker Gawl.(O.japonicus,Mai Dong)extract combined with hyaluronic acid(HA)in th...Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and goblet cell-stimulating effects of a suspension of Ophiopogon japonicus(L.f.)Ker Gawl.(O.japonicus,Mai Dong)extract combined with hyaluronic acid(HA)in the mouse model with dry eye disease(DED).Methods:A DED mouse model was induced using benzalkonium chloride(BAK),followed by treatment with O.japonicus extract-containing eye drops at varying concentrations.Experimental groups included a normal control,a DED model control,a positive control,and an O.japonicus extract-treated group.Corneal fluorescein staining and tear break-up time(TBUT)were used to assess tear film stability and ocular surface integrity.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)measured inflammatory factor levels in corneal and conjunctival tissues,whereas Western blot(WB)analyzed key antioxidant and inflammatory markers,including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor(2Nrf2)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).Periodic acid-schiff(PAS)staining and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate goblet cell density and mucin secretion.Results:O.japonicus extract significantly improved corneal damage,reduced fluorescein staining scores,prolonged TBUT,and increased tear secretion.It downregulated inflammatory markers,including interleukin-8(IL-8),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interferon-g(IFN-γ)while upregulating Nrf2,HO-1,and the interleukin-13(IL-13)/IFN-γ ratio,alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation.PAS staining showed increased conjunctival goblet cell density and restored mucin secretion,enhancing tear film stability.Conclusion:O.japonicus extract demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and goblet cell-stimulating effects in a DED model,with good biocompatibility and promising therapeutic potential.Future research should optimize extraction processes and validate their efficacy and safety in clinical settings.展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM)is an innovative technique that enables the flexible design and construction of three-dimensional objects.In the nuclear industry,AM enables the use of advanced materials and high-performance...Additive manufacturing(AM)is an innovative technique that enables the flexible design and construction of three-dimensional objects.In the nuclear industry,AM enables the use of advanced materials and high-performance components.Although AM processing has been extensively investigated,the corresponding mechanical properties and structural integrity issues of AM parts have received less attention.This study reviews the mechanical behavior and key challenges of typical AM materials,fuel components,compact heat exchangers with complex geometries,and additive repair of damaged reactor components.The findings of this review will guide the efficient and reliable implementation of AM techniques in nuclear reactors.展开更多
Biliary stent placement and removal are common medical procedures,but they carry risks of chyme regurgitation and residual common bile duct stones(CBDS),highlighting the necessity of intra-biliary cleansing during sec...Biliary stent placement and removal are common medical procedures,but they carry risks of chyme regurgitation and residual common bile duct stones(CBDS),highlighting the necessity of intra-biliary cleansing during secondary endoscopic stent removal.AIM To compare the incidence of chyme reflux into the common bile duct and residual or recurrent CBDS,and the safety of intra-biliary cleansing during secondary duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend vs single pigtail biliary stents.METHODS We included 554 patients undergoing secondary duodenoscopy for biliary stent removal and intra-biliary cleansing from March 2019 to September 2024.Patients were divided into a single pigtail biliary stent group and a duodenal bend biliary stent group(DBBSG).Chyme reflux and CBDS occurrences were compared using the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS The median age of the patients included was 62 years(interquartile range:51-70),with 53.11%being female.During stent removal,DBBSG showed higher rates of chyme reflux(23.27%vs 9.65%,P<0.001)and CBDS(42.77%vs 21.05%,P<0.001)compared to the single pigtail biliary stent group.No significant differences were found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05),and no serious events or deaths occurred.DBBSG patients had increased risks of chyme reflux(hazard ratio=2.793;95%confidence interval:1.695-4.603;P<0.001)and CBDS(hazard ratio:2.475;95%confidence interval:1.732-3.536;P<0.001).CONCLUSION Duodenal bend biliary stents increase the risk of chyme reflux into the common bile duct and CBDS.The safety of intra-biliary cleaning during stent removal has been validated,and as a result,it is recommended that endoscopists perform intra-biliary cleaning during duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend biliary stents.展开更多
This paper introduced a compact high flux polarized neutron beam generator scheme,which used air as the working medium and had low energy consumption.The neutron beam generator adopted a linear three compartment confi...This paper introduced a compact high flux polarized neutron beam generator scheme,which used air as the working medium and had low energy consumption.The neutron beam generator adopted a linear three compartment configuration,sequentially using nitrogen nucleus tandem near range accelerated polarization target spallation nuclear reaction technology,neutron multiplication technology,neutron beam polarization and near range acceleration technology,neutron focusing and shooting control technology.Through design and equivalent verification,it has been proven that the total length of the device does not exceed 5 m,the effective range can reach several hundred kilometers,the neutron flux at the muzzle is not less than 10^(25) n·cm^(-2)·s^(-1),which attenuates to 10^(10) n·cm^(-2)·s^(-1) at a distance of several 100 km,and this flux can effectively strike the target.It can be used as a defensive directed energy weapon with high energy density and has broad application prospects.展开更多
Background:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)based neoadjuvant therapy was proven effective in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Recently,tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)also showe...Background:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)based neoadjuvant therapy was proven effective in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Recently,tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)also showed promise in HCC treatment.However,the prognostic benefits associated with these treatments remain uncertain.This study aimed to explore the relationship between pathologic response and prognostic features in HCC patients who received neoadjuvant therapy.Methods:HCC patients who received TACE either with or without TKIs/ICIs as neoadjuvant therapy before liver resection were retrospectively collected from the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China.Pathologic response was determined by calculating the proportion of non-viable area within the tumor.Major pathologic response(MPR)was defined as the presence of non-viable tumor cells reaching a minimum of 90%.Complete pathologic response(CPR)was characterized by the absence of viable cells observed in the tumor.Results:A total of 481 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled,with 76 patients(15.8%)achieving CPR and 179(37.2%)reaching MPR.The median recurrence-free survival(m RFS)in the CPR+MPR group was significantly higher than the non-MPR group(31.3 vs.25.1 months).The difference in 3-year overall survival(OS)rate was not significant.Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified failure to achieve MPR(hazard ratio=1.548,95%confidence interval:1.122–2.134;P=0.008),HBs Ag positivity(HR=1.818,95%CI:1.062–3.115,P=0.030),multiple lesions(HR=2.278,95%CI:1.621–3.195,P<0.001),and baseline tumor size>5 cm(HR=1.712,95%CI:1.031–2.849,P=0.038)were independent risk factors for RFS.Subgroup analysis showed that 67 of 93(72.0%)patients who received the combination of TACE,TKIs,and ICIs achieved MPR+CPR.Conclusions:In individuals who received TACE-based neoadjuvant therapy for HCC,failure to achieve MPR emerges as an independent risk factor for RFS.Notably,the combination of TACE,TKIs,and ICIs demonstrated the highest rate of MPR.展开更多
A mutation in oxysterol-binding protein-like 2(OSBPL2)has been identified as the genetic cause of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss(DFNA67,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man No.616340).However,the pathogen...A mutation in oxysterol-binding protein-like 2(OSBPL2)has been identified as the genetic cause of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss(DFNA67,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man No.616340).However,the pathogenesis of the OSBPL2 mutation in DFNA remains unclear.Our previous work showed that Osbpl2 deficiency impaired cell adhesion in auditory HEI-OC1 cells.In addition,loss of hair cells(HCs)and morphological abnormalities of HC stereocilia were detected in OSBPL2-knockout pigs,suggesting that OSBPL2 plays an important role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton in auditory cells.In the present study,we found that Osbpl2 deficiency inhibited the Rho/ROCK2 signaling pathway and downregulated phosphorylated ezrin-radixinmoesin(p-ERM),resulting in abnormal F-actin morphology in HEI-OC1 cells and stereociliary defects in mouse HCs.The present study demonstrates the underlying mechanism of OSBPL2 in regulating the actin cytoskeleton in HCs,contributing to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of OSBPL2 mutations in DFNA.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)MXene nanomaterials have shown great promise for electronic devices,attributed to their metal-resembling conductivity and abundant surface functional groups.However,the utilization of intrinsic prop...Two-dimensional(2D)MXene nanomaterials have shown great promise for electronic devices,attributed to their metal-resembling conductivity and abundant surface functional groups.However,the utilization of intrinsic property of MXene in memristors remains challenging due to its free electron conducting behavior rather than semiconducting property.Here,a N-fused perylenediimide organic semiconductor(CBIN)with conjugated skeleton and heteroatoms(O,S,N)is designed to successfully actuate the surface modification of MXene.The organic CBIN-decorated MXene demonstrates remarkable bipolar memristive properties,such as low threshold voltages of approximate±1.4 V,exalted retention time exceeding 10^4s,and outstanding environmental stability even after exposure to ultraviolet and x-ray irradiations.Furthermore,the CBIN-MXene hybrid memristive device can mimic synaptic plasticity and holds potential for information encoding as quick response codes and image recognition processing.This study provides efficient guidelines for implementing MXene-based memristors by organic semiconductor modulation and opens up possibilities of extending their functionalities into information encryption and neuromorphic computing applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Occult pancreaticobiliary reflux(OPBR)is characterized by the absence of congenital anomalies at the pancreaticobiliary junction yet leads to altered bile composition and an increased incidence of gallbladd...BACKGROUND Occult pancreaticobiliary reflux(OPBR)is characterized by the absence of congenital anomalies at the pancreaticobiliary junction yet leads to altered bile composition and an increased incidence of gallbladder stones.AIM To explore the computed tomography(CT)imaging characteristics of gallbladder stones in patients diagnosed with OPBR.METHODS We analyzed 362 patients undergoing cholecystectomy(November 2020 to January 2022).Intraoperative bile samples were assayed for amylase(>110 U/L indicated OPBR).CT features,including stone density and visibility,were compared between 54 OPBR and 308 controls.Stone attenuation(HU)was measured under standardized conditions(uCT-780,120 kVp,160 mAs).Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified independent OPBR predictors,forming a validated nomogram.RESULTS OPBR patients exhibited significantly higher rates of CT-invisible stones(35.2%vs 12.3%)and uniform stones(87%vs 73.1%)along with lower overall stone density(P=0.01).Logistic regression identified stone visibility,uniformity,and density as independent predictors.A nomogram integrating these features with patient age achieved high diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve=0.71).CONCLUSION CT imaging distinctly identifies gallbladder stone density,indicating a heightened risk of OPBR in patients with uniform and CT-invisible stones.Such imaging is crucial for preoperative assessments to evaluate potential recurrent biliary pathologies post-cholecystectomy.展开更多
The metal triazole(MTA)-based MOFs were found to preferentially adsorb O-rich species,which had enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and stabilized the O-containing species during the discharge and...The metal triazole(MTA)-based MOFs were found to preferentially adsorb O-rich species,which had enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and stabilized the O-containing species during the discharge and charge processes in Li-O_(2)battery.However,the MOFs exhibited low electron conductivity and poor electron transfer interface in the electrocatalysis,limiting the electrocatalytic activity.To address this issue,a nanocomposite with the Co-MTA-coated carbon nano tubes(Co-MTA-C)was constructed,which formed the three-dimensional conductivity network connected with the intersecting carbon nano tube(CNT).In this composite,the electron-rich Co-MTA interacted with the highly conductive CNT,resulting in a charge redistribution.Optimized the electronic structure of the Co center through compositional modifications presented a high valence compared to the pure MOFs.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed a direct reaction of Co sites with intermediates such as LiO_(x),leading to the formation of nanosheet array discharge products.The battery based on optimized CoMTA-C demonstrated fast kinetics and superior stability,with a low overpotential of 1.13 V,high specific capacity of 9057 mAh g^(-1),and long-term durability of 600 cycles.It provides a facile and effective strategy for enhancing the electrocatalytic performance through rational tuning of high-conductivity substances.展开更多
基金supported by the Rural Revitalization Tea Industry Technical Service Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.11899170145)the“Double firstclass”scientific and technological innovation capacity and enhancement cultivation plan of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.KSYLP004)+4 种基金6.18 Tea Industry Technology Branch of Collaborative Innovation Institute(Grant No.K1520001A)Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Construction Project for Technological Innovation and Service System of Tea Industry Chain(Grant No.K1520005A01)Tea Industry Branch of Collaborative Innovation Institute of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.K1521015A)Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Grant No.KFb22020XA)the Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian Zhang Tianfu Tea Development Foundation(Grant No.FJZTF01).
文摘Drought stress is a serious natural challenge for tea plants that significantly affects tea yield and quality.miR171s play critical roles in plant stress responses,however,their role in drought stress tolerance in tea plants(Camellia sinensis)is poorly understood.This study experimentally verified the expression patterns of csn-miR171b-3p_2 and its target,scarecrow-like(SCL).We found that csn-miR171b-3p_2 could target and regulate CsSCL6-4 to play an important role in the defense against drought stress in tea plants.CsSCL6-4 is located in the nucleus and is selfactivated in vivo.In addition,we obtained 819 putative binding regions of CsSCL6-4 using DNA affinity purification sequencing analysis,which were assigned to 786 different genes,four of which were drought-resistant genes(CsPrx,CsSDR,CsFAD7,and CsCER1).Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that CsSCL6-4 directly promoted the expression of these four drought resistance genes by binding motifs 1/2/3 in their promoter regions.Both overexpression and suppression of CsSCL6-4 proved that CsSCL6-4 participated in the defense against drought stress in tea plants by regulating the expression of CsPrx,CsSDR,CsFAD7,and CsCER1.In addition,suppression of csn-miR171b-3p_2 expression significantly increased the expression of CsSCL6-4 and activated CsSCL6-4-bound gene transcription under drought stress.Therefore,the csn-miR171b-3p_2-CsSCL6-4 module participates in tea plant resistance to drought stress by promoting the expression of drought resistance genes.Our results revealed the function of csn-miR171b-3p_2 in tea plants and provided new insights into the mechanism of tea plant resistance to drought stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52175214)。
文摘In this paper,a novel guidance law is proposed which can achieve the desired impact speed and angle simultaneously for unpowered gliding vehicles.A guidance law with only impact angle constraint is used to produce the guidance profile,and its convergence in the varying speed scenario is proved.A relationship between flight states,guidance input and impact speed is established.By applying the fixed-time convergence control theory of error dynamics,an impact speed corrector is built with the above guidance profile,which can implement impact speed correction without affecting the impact angle constraint.Numerical simulations with various impact speed and angle constraints are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed guidance law,and the robustness is also verified by Monte Carlo tests.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.82130073,No.82372430,No.31871431,No.31821002,No.32101011,No.22177073)Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System+3 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.23ZR1437600,No.24410710600,No.24141901302)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(No.B2302005)The Open Project Funding of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedics(No.KFKT202201)Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Institute Cooperative,Research Project,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.2022LHA01).
文摘Itaconate,a macrophage-specific anti-inflammatory metabolite,has recently emerged as a critical regulator in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.We found that itaconate is a TNF-αresponsive metabolite significantly elevated in the serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients and we demonstrated that itaconate is primarily produced by inflammatory macrophages rather than osteoclasts or osteoblasts.In TNF-transgenic and Irg1−/−hybrid mice,a more severe bone destruction phenotype was observed.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3702403)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52122408 and 52071023)。
文摘Microalloyed steels are extensively utilized in the automotive industry for their superior strength–toughness synergy.Structural components,such as cranks,wheels,and front axles,are subjected to fluctuating or repetitive stresses during service,which cause fatigue damage or failure.Therefore,improving the fatigue properties of microalloyed steels is crucial to broaden their applications.An overview of the factors affecting the fatigue properties of microalloyed steels is provided,beginning with a concise description of microalloyed steels,followed by a discussion of key factors,such as microstructure,precipitation,and non-metallic inclusions,that influence fatigue performance.Strategies for enhancing fatigue properties are also explored,including non-metallic inclusion modification,surface treatment,and microstructure tailoring.Modification treatment of non-metallic inclusions can alter their morphology,size,quantity,distribution,etc.,thereby reducing the adverse effect on fatigue performance.The surface treatment enhances resistance to crack initiation by introducing compressive residual stress or refining the surface microstructure.Microstructure tailoring involves various heat treatment processes that can slow fatigue crack growth.Ultimately,the latest developments and future prospects of fatigue properties in microalloyed steels,based on academic research and industrial practices,are also summarized.
基金funding support from the National Research Foundation (Competitive Research Program grant number NRF-CRP16-2015-05)the National University of Singapore Early Career Research Award+1 种基金supported by the Eric and Wendy Schmidt AI in Science Postdoctoral Fellowshipa Schmidt Sciences program。
文摘We present a method using Zernike moments for quantifying rotational and reflectional symmetries in scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)images,aimed at improving structural analysis of materials at the atomic scale.This technique is effective against common imaging noises and is potentially suited for low-dose imaging and identifying quantum defects.We showcase its utility in the unsupervised segmentation of polytypes in a twisted bilayer TaS_(2),enabling accurate differentiation of structural phases and monitoring transitions caused by electron beam effects.This approach enhances the analysis of structural variations in crystalline materials,marking a notable advancement in the characterization of structures in materials science.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82070928 and 82171026).
文摘Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and goblet cell-stimulating effects of a suspension of Ophiopogon japonicus(L.f.)Ker Gawl.(O.japonicus,Mai Dong)extract combined with hyaluronic acid(HA)in the mouse model with dry eye disease(DED).Methods:A DED mouse model was induced using benzalkonium chloride(BAK),followed by treatment with O.japonicus extract-containing eye drops at varying concentrations.Experimental groups included a normal control,a DED model control,a positive control,and an O.japonicus extract-treated group.Corneal fluorescein staining and tear break-up time(TBUT)were used to assess tear film stability and ocular surface integrity.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)measured inflammatory factor levels in corneal and conjunctival tissues,whereas Western blot(WB)analyzed key antioxidant and inflammatory markers,including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor(2Nrf2)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).Periodic acid-schiff(PAS)staining and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate goblet cell density and mucin secretion.Results:O.japonicus extract significantly improved corneal damage,reduced fluorescein staining scores,prolonged TBUT,and increased tear secretion.It downregulated inflammatory markers,including interleukin-8(IL-8),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interferon-g(IFN-γ)while upregulating Nrf2,HO-1,and the interleukin-13(IL-13)/IFN-γ ratio,alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation.PAS staining showed increased conjunctival goblet cell density and restored mucin secretion,enhancing tear film stability.Conclusion:O.japonicus extract demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and goblet cell-stimulating effects in a DED model,with good biocompatibility and promising therapeutic potential.Future research should optimize extraction processes and validate their efficacy and safety in clinical settings.
基金supported by Stable Support Initiative of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology(Grant No.YNSW-0124-0101-03)the author Cheng Zhang would like to thank the support by Stable Support Program for Scientific Research of China(Grant No.WDZC-2023-02-02-05).
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)is an innovative technique that enables the flexible design and construction of three-dimensional objects.In the nuclear industry,AM enables the use of advanced materials and high-performance components.Although AM processing has been extensively investigated,the corresponding mechanical properties and structural integrity issues of AM parts have received less attention.This study reviews the mechanical behavior and key challenges of typical AM materials,fuel components,compact heat exchangers with complex geometries,and additive repair of damaged reactor components.The findings of this review will guide the efficient and reliable implementation of AM techniques in nuclear reactors.
基金Supported by the Key Specialty Construction Project of Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission,No.PWZzk2022-17the Featured Clinical Discipline Project of Shanghai Pudong,No.PWYts2021-06+1 种基金Clinical Research Project of Shanghai East Hospital,No.DFLC2022019Shanghai Dongfang Hospital Key Discipline Department of Gallstone Disease,No.2024-DFZD-005DS.
文摘Biliary stent placement and removal are common medical procedures,but they carry risks of chyme regurgitation and residual common bile duct stones(CBDS),highlighting the necessity of intra-biliary cleansing during secondary endoscopic stent removal.AIM To compare the incidence of chyme reflux into the common bile duct and residual or recurrent CBDS,and the safety of intra-biliary cleansing during secondary duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend vs single pigtail biliary stents.METHODS We included 554 patients undergoing secondary duodenoscopy for biliary stent removal and intra-biliary cleansing from March 2019 to September 2024.Patients were divided into a single pigtail biliary stent group and a duodenal bend biliary stent group(DBBSG).Chyme reflux and CBDS occurrences were compared using the Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS The median age of the patients included was 62 years(interquartile range:51-70),with 53.11%being female.During stent removal,DBBSG showed higher rates of chyme reflux(23.27%vs 9.65%,P<0.001)and CBDS(42.77%vs 21.05%,P<0.001)compared to the single pigtail biliary stent group.No significant differences were found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05),and no serious events or deaths occurred.DBBSG patients had increased risks of chyme reflux(hazard ratio=2.793;95%confidence interval:1.695-4.603;P<0.001)and CBDS(hazard ratio:2.475;95%confidence interval:1.732-3.536;P<0.001).CONCLUSION Duodenal bend biliary stents increase the risk of chyme reflux into the common bile duct and CBDS.The safety of intra-biliary cleaning during stent removal has been validated,and as a result,it is recommended that endoscopists perform intra-biliary cleaning during duodenoscopic removal of duodenal bend biliary stents.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12405215)
文摘This paper introduced a compact high flux polarized neutron beam generator scheme,which used air as the working medium and had low energy consumption.The neutron beam generator adopted a linear three compartment configuration,sequentially using nitrogen nucleus tandem near range accelerated polarization target spallation nuclear reaction technology,neutron multiplication technology,neutron beam polarization and near range acceleration technology,neutron focusing and shooting control technology.Through design and equivalent verification,it has been proven that the total length of the device does not exceed 5 m,the effective range can reach several hundred kilometers,the neutron flux at the muzzle is not less than 10^(25) n·cm^(-2)·s^(-1),which attenuates to 10^(10) n·cm^(-2)·s^(-1) at a distance of several 100 km,and this flux can effectively strike the target.It can be used as a defensive directed energy weapon with high energy density and has broad application prospects.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270682)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ21H030007 and LQ20H30006)。
文摘Background:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)based neoadjuvant therapy was proven effective in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Recently,tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)also showed promise in HCC treatment.However,the prognostic benefits associated with these treatments remain uncertain.This study aimed to explore the relationship between pathologic response and prognostic features in HCC patients who received neoadjuvant therapy.Methods:HCC patients who received TACE either with or without TKIs/ICIs as neoadjuvant therapy before liver resection were retrospectively collected from the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China.Pathologic response was determined by calculating the proportion of non-viable area within the tumor.Major pathologic response(MPR)was defined as the presence of non-viable tumor cells reaching a minimum of 90%.Complete pathologic response(CPR)was characterized by the absence of viable cells observed in the tumor.Results:A total of 481 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled,with 76 patients(15.8%)achieving CPR and 179(37.2%)reaching MPR.The median recurrence-free survival(m RFS)in the CPR+MPR group was significantly higher than the non-MPR group(31.3 vs.25.1 months).The difference in 3-year overall survival(OS)rate was not significant.Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified failure to achieve MPR(hazard ratio=1.548,95%confidence interval:1.122–2.134;P=0.008),HBs Ag positivity(HR=1.818,95%CI:1.062–3.115,P=0.030),multiple lesions(HR=2.278,95%CI:1.621–3.195,P<0.001),and baseline tumor size>5 cm(HR=1.712,95%CI:1.031–2.849,P=0.038)were independent risk factors for RFS.Subgroup analysis showed that 67 of 93(72.0%)patients who received the combination of TACE,TKIs,and ICIs achieved MPR+CPR.Conclusions:In individuals who received TACE-based neoadjuvant therapy for HCC,failure to achieve MPR emerges as an independent risk factor for RFS.Notably,the combination of TACE,TKIs,and ICIs demonstrated the highest rate of MPR.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82071052 to J.Y.and 81771000 to X.C.)。
文摘A mutation in oxysterol-binding protein-like 2(OSBPL2)has been identified as the genetic cause of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss(DFNA67,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man No.616340).However,the pathogenesis of the OSBPL2 mutation in DFNA remains unclear.Our previous work showed that Osbpl2 deficiency impaired cell adhesion in auditory HEI-OC1 cells.In addition,loss of hair cells(HCs)and morphological abnormalities of HC stereocilia were detected in OSBPL2-knockout pigs,suggesting that OSBPL2 plays an important role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton in auditory cells.In the present study,we found that Osbpl2 deficiency inhibited the Rho/ROCK2 signaling pathway and downregulated phosphorylated ezrin-radixinmoesin(p-ERM),resulting in abnormal F-actin morphology in HEI-OC1 cells and stereociliary defects in mouse HCs.The present study demonstrates the underlying mechanism of OSBPL2 in regulating the actin cytoskeleton in HCs,contributing to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of OSBPL2 mutations in DFNA.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20230074)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(No.YESS20230439)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62304148 and 22008164)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3209200)the Youth Talent Support Program of Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology(TJ-2023-033)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.22KJB150037)Research in Cutting-Edge Technology of Suzhou(No.SYG202351)Basic Research Program of Xuzhou Science and Technology Bureau(KC22009)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_3304)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)MXene nanomaterials have shown great promise for electronic devices,attributed to their metal-resembling conductivity and abundant surface functional groups.However,the utilization of intrinsic property of MXene in memristors remains challenging due to its free electron conducting behavior rather than semiconducting property.Here,a N-fused perylenediimide organic semiconductor(CBIN)with conjugated skeleton and heteroatoms(O,S,N)is designed to successfully actuate the surface modification of MXene.The organic CBIN-decorated MXene demonstrates remarkable bipolar memristive properties,such as low threshold voltages of approximate±1.4 V,exalted retention time exceeding 10^4s,and outstanding environmental stability even after exposure to ultraviolet and x-ray irradiations.Furthermore,the CBIN-MXene hybrid memristive device can mimic synaptic plasticity and holds potential for information encoding as quick response codes and image recognition processing.This study provides efficient guidelines for implementing MXene-based memristors by organic semiconductor modulation and opens up possibilities of extending their functionalities into information encryption and neuromorphic computing applications.
基金Supported by Key Specialty Construction Project of Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission,No.PWZzk2022-17Shanghai East Hospital Clinical Research Project,No.DFLC2022019the Featured Clinical Discipline Project of Shanghai Pudong District,No.PWYts2021-06.
文摘BACKGROUND Occult pancreaticobiliary reflux(OPBR)is characterized by the absence of congenital anomalies at the pancreaticobiliary junction yet leads to altered bile composition and an increased incidence of gallbladder stones.AIM To explore the computed tomography(CT)imaging characteristics of gallbladder stones in patients diagnosed with OPBR.METHODS We analyzed 362 patients undergoing cholecystectomy(November 2020 to January 2022).Intraoperative bile samples were assayed for amylase(>110 U/L indicated OPBR).CT features,including stone density and visibility,were compared between 54 OPBR and 308 controls.Stone attenuation(HU)was measured under standardized conditions(uCT-780,120 kVp,160 mAs).Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified independent OPBR predictors,forming a validated nomogram.RESULTS OPBR patients exhibited significantly higher rates of CT-invisible stones(35.2%vs 12.3%)and uniform stones(87%vs 73.1%)along with lower overall stone density(P=0.01).Logistic regression identified stone visibility,uniformity,and density as independent predictors.A nomogram integrating these features with patient age achieved high diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve=0.71).CONCLUSION CT imaging distinctly identifies gallbladder stone density,indicating a heightened risk of OPBR in patients with uniform and CT-invisible stones.Such imaging is crucial for preoperative assessments to evaluate potential recurrent biliary pathologies post-cholecystectomy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.12304037)the Interdisciplinary Intelligence Super Computer Center of BNUZH
文摘The metal triazole(MTA)-based MOFs were found to preferentially adsorb O-rich species,which had enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions(ORR)and stabilized the O-containing species during the discharge and charge processes in Li-O_(2)battery.However,the MOFs exhibited low electron conductivity and poor electron transfer interface in the electrocatalysis,limiting the electrocatalytic activity.To address this issue,a nanocomposite with the Co-MTA-coated carbon nano tubes(Co-MTA-C)was constructed,which formed the three-dimensional conductivity network connected with the intersecting carbon nano tube(CNT).In this composite,the electron-rich Co-MTA interacted with the highly conductive CNT,resulting in a charge redistribution.Optimized the electronic structure of the Co center through compositional modifications presented a high valence compared to the pure MOFs.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed a direct reaction of Co sites with intermediates such as LiO_(x),leading to the formation of nanosheet array discharge products.The battery based on optimized CoMTA-C demonstrated fast kinetics and superior stability,with a low overpotential of 1.13 V,high specific capacity of 9057 mAh g^(-1),and long-term durability of 600 cycles.It provides a facile and effective strategy for enhancing the electrocatalytic performance through rational tuning of high-conductivity substances.
