Aim: To observe the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability disturbance induced by BI-D1870. Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, solvent control group and BI-D1870 group. The rats in...Aim: To observe the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability disturbance induced by BI-D1870. Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, solvent control group and BI-D1870 group. The rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with saline, while those in the solvent control group were intraperitoneally injected with DMSO + sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin solvent, and those in the BI-D1870 group were intraperitoneally injected with BI-D1870. All the rats’ appearance and behavior were daily observed, and body weight was recorded on the day 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 82 of BI-D1870 injected. Morris water maze was used to screen the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability on the day 22 - 25, 52 - 55, and 82 - 85 of training by BI-D1870 treated. The successful rates of the rats’ memory impairment were respectively calculated for three times screening. Results: During the whole experiment, there was no obvious difference in appearance and fur color in all rats. The rats’ agitation began to appear on the day 10th of BI-D1870 given. The agitation rats’ number and rats’ body weight gradually increased along with BI-D1870 treated (P P Conclusion: Intraperitoneal injection of BI-D1870 can induce the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability disorder.展开更多
A hydrogen spillover-bridged water dissociation/hydrogen formation could concurrently promote Volmer/Tafel process and improve the efficiency of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)under alkaline conditions.However,it is ...A hydrogen spillover-bridged water dissociation/hydrogen formation could concurrently promote Volmer/Tafel process and improve the efficiency of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)under alkaline conditions.However,it is still challenging to promote occurrence of hydrogen spillover for the large interfacial transport barriers of H_(2)O and hydrogen on active sites.Herein,the strategy of energy barrier gradient to induce hydrogen spillover was proposed by constructing Ru nanoclusters coupled with single atom onto oxygen vacancy cerium dioxide(Ru/CeO_(2)-Ov-2).Density functional theory(DFT)calculations uncover that the adsorption/desorption of H2O occurs at the Ru clusters sites and then the dissociated H*spontaneously overflows from Ru clusters with high binding energy into the adjacent Ru single atom sites with low binding energy,which facilitate the hydrogen formation.Consequently,the synthesized Ru/CeO_(2)-Ov-2 exhibits a small overpotential of 41 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and good stability at 500 mA cm^(-2)for 100 h in alkaline seawater,which could be ascribed to the rapid hydrogen spillover and strong coupling interaction between Ru and CeO_(2)-O_(v).This work provides a novel insight that synthesizing cooperative sites with energy barrier gradient helps to promote hydrogen spillover and accelerate the Volmer/Tafel process of HER.展开更多
Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon cells.Conv...Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon cells.Conversion efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special scenarios.At present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are excluded.Undoubtedly, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and reliability.Additionally, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.展开更多
<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: To explore the effects of Qi-invigorating herbs on mitochondr...<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: To explore the effects of Qi-invigorating herbs on mitochondrial function using cultured cells and animal organs. <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: Using water extracts of <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>, we investigated the effect of “Qi-invigoration” on M-1 renal cells and mouse organs <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in-vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> including total adenylate production (TAP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). We also examined the effect on antioxidant capacity by conducting an analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: 1) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> increased mitochondrial TAP generation and decreased ROS levels in both mouse kidney tissues and M-1 renal cells. 2) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> also significantly increased MMP and GSH levels in M-1 cells, but in the kidney tissue</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> there was no significant change in MMP levels and a decrease in GSH levels. 3) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> stimulated TAP levels in the heart, spleen, lung, kidney and skeletal muscle tissue, which was accompanied by the reduction of ROS. 4) For the meridian organs that <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> belongs to, the energy production and antioxidant capacity were boosted simultaneously. <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: These results provide new insights for the biochemical </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">b</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">asis of Qi-invigoration and the meridian tropism theory for this Qi-invigora</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ting herb.</span></span>展开更多
Transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) is a well-known case-parents family-based method to detect the association between genetic polymorphisms and a disease phenotype. Various extensions of the TDT have been develop...Transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) is a well-known case-parents family-based method to detect the association between genetic polymorphisms and a disease phenotype. Various extensions of the TDT have been developed and widely applied in medical research. In this article, we introduced a simple simulation algorithm based on a transition model to generate general nuclear families rather than trios to simulate multiple tightly linked markers. The simulations show that the empirical distributions of the test statistics coincide with the expected distribution under the null hypothesis.展开更多
The poor interfacial contact is one of the biggest challenges that solid-state lithium batteries suffer from.Reducing the solid-state electrolyte surface energy by transforming the interface from lithiophobic to lithi...The poor interfacial contact is one of the biggest challenges that solid-state lithium batteries suffer from.Reducing the solid-state electrolyte surface energy by transforming the interface from lithiophobic to lithiophilic is effective to promote the interfacial contact, but electronic conductive interphases usually increase the risk of electron attack, thus leading to uncontrollable Li dendrite growth. Herein, we propose a self-assembled thermodynamic stable Li I interphase to simultaneously improve the interfacial contact between the garnet electrolyte Li_7La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO) and Li anode, and prohibit the electron attack. The direct contact between LLZO and Li and the high temperature Li melting process was ascribed to Zr4+reduction, which facilitated Li dendrite formation and propagation. With the modification of the high lithiophilic I_(2) thin film, the area specific interfacial resistance of LLZO/Li was reduced from 1525 Ω/cm^(2) to 57 Ω/cm^(2). More importantly, LLZO was protected from being reduced due to the outstanding electronic insulativity of the Li I interphase, which leaded to a high critical current density of 1.2/7.0 m A/cm^(2) in the time/capacity-constant modes, respectively.展开更多
Objective:Large volume radiological text data have been accumulated since the incorporation of electronic health record(EHR)systems in clinical practice.We aimed to determine whether deep natural language processing a...Objective:Large volume radiological text data have been accumulated since the incorporation of electronic health record(EHR)systems in clinical practice.We aimed to determine whether deep natural language processing algorithms could aid radiologists in improving thyroid cancer diagnosis.Methods:Sonographic EHR data were obtained from the EHR database.Pathological reports were used as the gold standard for diagnosing thyroid cancer.We developed thyroid cancer diagnosis based on natural language processing(THCaDxNLP)to interpret unstructured sonographic text reports for thyroid cancer diagnosis.We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)as the primary metric to measure the performance of the THCaDxNLP.We compared the performance of thyroid ultrasound radiologists aided with THCaDxNLP vs.those without THCaDxNLP using 5 independent test sets.Results:We obtained a total number of 788,129 sonographic radiological reports.The number of thyroid sonographic data points was 132,277,18,400 of which were thyroid cancer patients.Among the 5 test sets,the numbers of patients per set were 439,186,82,343,and 171.THCaDxNLP achieved high performance in identifying thyroid cancer patients(the AUROC ranged from 0.857–0.932).Thyroid ultrasound radiologists aided with THCaDxNLP achieved significantly higher performances than those without THCaDxNLP in terms of accuracy(93.8%vs.87.2%;one-sided t-test,adjusted P=0.003),precision(92.5%vs.86.0%;P=0.018),and F1 metric(94.2%vs.86.4%;P=0.007).Conclusions:THCaDxNLP achieved a high AUROC for the identification of thyroid cancer,and improved the accuracy,sensitivity,and precision of thyroid ultrasound radiologists.This warrants further investigation of THCaDxNLP in prospective clinical trials.展开更多
Objective The aim of the study was to further explore the diagnostic value of breast dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE), and improve specificity of breast cancer diagnosis.
Heat stress causes overgrowth,leaf dryness and fruit malformation,which negatively impacts cucumber quality and yield.Yet,in spite of the devastating consequences of this abiotic stress,few genes for heat tolerance in...Heat stress causes overgrowth,leaf dryness and fruit malformation,which negatively impacts cucumber quality and yield.Yet,in spite of the devastating consequences of this abiotic stress,few genes for heat tolerance in cucumber have been identified.Here,the heat injury indices of 88 cucumber accessions representing diverse ecotypes were collected in two open-field environments,with naturally occurring high temperatures over two years.Seventeen of the 88 accessions were identified as highly heat-tolerant.Using a genome-wide association study,five loci(gHII3.1,gHII3.2,gHII3.3,gHII4.1 and gHII6.1)on three chromosomes associated with heat tolerance were detected.Pairwise linkage disequilibrium correlation,sequence polymorphisms,and qRT-PCR analyses at these loci,identified five candidate genes predicted to be casual for heat stress response in cucumber.CsaV3_3G04883,CsaV3_4G029050 and CsaV3_6G005370 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated by heat stress in the heat-tolerant genotypes.CsaV3_3G031890 was also induced by heat stress,but in the heatsensitive genotypes,and sequence polymorphism was only found in the promoter region.Identifying these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding cucumber thermotolerance mechanisms.Our study is one of the few to examine heat stress in adult cucumber plants and it therefore fills a critical gap in knowledge.It is also an important first-step towards accelerating the breeding of robust heat-tolerant varieties.展开更多
Iron(Fe)is a micronutrient for living organisms,and maintenance of Fe homeostasis is required for normal physiological functions.In this study,we report the function of a plasma membrane localized transporter(Polyol t...Iron(Fe)is a micronutrient for living organisms,and maintenance of Fe homeostasis is required for normal physiological functions.In this study,we report the function of a plasma membrane localized transporter(Polyol transporter 8,TaPLT8)in wheat,which is regarded as a novel regulator for Fe transport.TaPLT8 is specifically expressed in wheat roots and is induced by environmental Fe.Knockout of TaPLT8 increased Fe accumulation in roots but resulted in decreased Fe levels in shoots and grain.The change was caused by an altered tolerance or increased susceptibility to excessive environmental Fe in the vicinity of wheat roots,and inhibited root growth.Overexpression of TaPLT8A improved Fe transport from roots to shoots and grains,and increased grain Fe levels by up to 14.46%.Compared to wild type(WT)plants,the levels of Citrate and Fe levels in xylem sap were significantly decreased in taplt8 mutants but significantly increased in TaPLT8 OE lines.Transcriptome analysis of taplt8 mutants indicated that TaPLT8 affected citrate levels by influencing glycolysis and the citrate cycle pathway in roots,thus impacting Fe translocation.The findings demonstrated that TaPLT8 mediates Fe distribution in wheat roots and shoots,contributing to greater understanding of the contribution of TaPLT8 to Fe accumulation in grains.展开更多
Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) is a popular family based genetic association method. Under multiplicative assumption, a conditional logistic regression for matched pair, affected offspring with allele transmit...Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) is a popular family based genetic association method. Under multiplicative assumption, a conditional logistic regression for matched pair, affected offspring with allele transmitted from parents and pseudo-offspring (control) with allele non-transmitted from parents, was built to detect the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">main </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">effects of genes and gene-covariate interaction</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. When there exist genotype uncertainties, expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm was adopted to estimate the coefficients. The transmission model was applied to detect the association between M235T polymorphism in AGT gene and essential hypertension (ESH). Most of parents are not available in the 126 families from HongKong Chinese population. The results </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">showed M235T is associat</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with hypertension and there is interaction between M235T and the case’s sex. The allele T is higher risk for male than female</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span>展开更多
The polystyrene (PS) materials tend to yellow over time. The yellowing phenomenon is an indicator of the material’s reduced performance and structural integrity. In the natural environment, sunlight is a major contri...The polystyrene (PS) materials tend to yellow over time. The yellowing phenomenon is an indicator of the material’s reduced performance and structural integrity. In the natural environment, sunlight is a major contributor to the yellowing, and elevated temperatures can accelerate the chemical reactions that lead to yellowing. The natural environmental factors are difficult to control, making it challenging to predict the yellowing process accurately. In this paper, we established a model to quantify the relationship between the yellowing index and key factors, solar radiation and temperature, from outdoor monitored climatic data. The model is trained and tested by the datasets collected from atmospheric exposure test stations located in Guangzhou and Qionghai. Same kinds of PS materials were exposed to external natural environments at the stations for one year. The parameters were estimated by least squares method. The results indicated that the model fits training and testing datasets well with R2 of 0.980 and 0.985, respectively.展开更多
Cucumber is one of the most widely consumed vegetables worldwide,and the fruit spine is an important fruit quality trait.Expansins play critical roles in fruit development;however,the regulation of expansins in cucumb...Cucumber is one of the most widely consumed vegetables worldwide,and the fruit spine is an important fruit quality trait.Expansins play critical roles in fruit development;however,the regulation of expansins in cucumber fruit spine development has not been reported.In this study,33 expansin genes were identified in the cucumber genome V3;additionally,expansin genes in Citrullus lanatus,Cucumis melo,Cucurbita maxima,Lagenaria siceraria,and Benincasa hispida were also identified.Phylogenetic analysis of expansin proteins in Cucurbitaceae and Arabidopsis showed that they evolved separately in each plant species.Phylogenetic analysis showed that C.maxima was derived earlier than the other five Cucurbitaceae species.The expression of CsEXPA2,CsEXPA14,and CsEXLA3 varied in cucumber lines with different fruit spine densities.A yeast two-hybrid assay showed that a putative auxin transporter encoded by numerous spine gene(ns)interacts with CsEXLA2,which may be involved in the development of the numerous spines in cucumber.These results provide novel insights into the expansins related to plant development and fruit spine development in cucumber.展开更多
Grain number per spikelet (GNS) is a key determinant of grain yield in wheat.A recombinant inbred line population comprising 300 lines was developed from a cross between a high GNS variety H461 and Chinese Spring from...Grain number per spikelet (GNS) is a key determinant of grain yield in wheat.A recombinant inbred line population comprising 300 lines was developed from a cross between a high GNS variety H461 and Chinese Spring from which the reference genome assembly of bread wheat was obtained.Both parents and the recombinant inbred lines were genotyped using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array.A high-density genetic map containing 21,197 SNPs was obtained.These markers covered each of the 21 chromosomes with a total linkage distance of 3792.71 c M.Locations of these markers in this linkage map were highly consistent with their physical locations in the genome assembly of Chinese Spring.The two parents and the whole RIL population were assessed for GNS in two consecutive years at two different locations.Based on multi-environment phenotype data and best liner unbiased prediction values,three quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GNS were identified.One of them located on chromosomes 2B and the other two on 2D.Phenotypic variation explained by these loci varied from 3.07%to26.57%.One of these QTL,QGns.sicau-2D-2,was identified in each of all trials conducted.Based on the best linear unbiased prediction values,this locus explained 19.59%–26.57%of phenotypic variation.A KASP(Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR) marker closely linked with this locus was generated and used to validate the effects of this locus in three different genetic backgrounds.The identified QTL and the KASP marker developed for it will be highly valuable in fine-mapping the locus and in exploiting it for markerassisted selection in wheat breeding programs.展开更多
文摘Aim: To observe the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability disturbance induced by BI-D1870. Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, solvent control group and BI-D1870 group. The rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with saline, while those in the solvent control group were intraperitoneally injected with DMSO + sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin solvent, and those in the BI-D1870 group were intraperitoneally injected with BI-D1870. All the rats’ appearance and behavior were daily observed, and body weight was recorded on the day 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 82 of BI-D1870 injected. Morris water maze was used to screen the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability on the day 22 - 25, 52 - 55, and 82 - 85 of training by BI-D1870 treated. The successful rates of the rats’ memory impairment were respectively calculated for three times screening. Results: During the whole experiment, there was no obvious difference in appearance and fur color in all rats. The rats’ agitation began to appear on the day 10th of BI-D1870 given. The agitation rats’ number and rats’ body weight gradually increased along with BI-D1870 treated (P P Conclusion: Intraperitoneal injection of BI-D1870 can induce the rats’ learning and memory acquisition ability disorder.
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(5237122722002068+8 种基金52272222,and 52072197)the Taishan Scholar Young Talent Program(tsqn201909114)the Shandong Province“Double-Hundred Talent Plan”(WST2020003)the Youth Innovation and Technology Foundation of Shandong Higher Education Institutions,China(2019KJC004)the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2019JQ14)the Major Basic Research Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant No.ZR2020ZD09the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project(2019JZZY020405)the University Youth Innovation Team of Shandong Province(202201010318)the Youth Innovation Team Development Program of Shandong Higher Education Institutions(2022KJ155)。
文摘A hydrogen spillover-bridged water dissociation/hydrogen formation could concurrently promote Volmer/Tafel process and improve the efficiency of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)under alkaline conditions.However,it is still challenging to promote occurrence of hydrogen spillover for the large interfacial transport barriers of H_(2)O and hydrogen on active sites.Herein,the strategy of energy barrier gradient to induce hydrogen spillover was proposed by constructing Ru nanoclusters coupled with single atom onto oxygen vacancy cerium dioxide(Ru/CeO_(2)-Ov-2).Density functional theory(DFT)calculations uncover that the adsorption/desorption of H2O occurs at the Ru clusters sites and then the dissociated H*spontaneously overflows from Ru clusters with high binding energy into the adjacent Ru single atom sites with low binding energy,which facilitate the hydrogen formation.Consequently,the synthesized Ru/CeO_(2)-Ov-2 exhibits a small overpotential of 41 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and good stability at 500 mA cm^(-2)for 100 h in alkaline seawater,which could be ascribed to the rapid hydrogen spillover and strong coupling interaction between Ru and CeO_(2)-O_(v).This work provides a novel insight that synthesizing cooperative sites with energy barrier gradient helps to promote hydrogen spillover and accelerate the Volmer/Tafel process of HER.
基金Project of National Natural Science Foundation (52262035)Key Research Program of Education Department of Gansu Province (GSSYLXM-03)+2 种基金Hong Liu excellent youth project of Lanzhou University of technologyMajor Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(22ZD6GA008)Jin chang Technology Program(2022GY003)。
文摘Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon cells.Conversion efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special scenarios.At present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are excluded.Undoubtedly, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and reliability.Additionally, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.
文摘<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: To explore the effects of Qi-invigorating herbs on mitochondrial function using cultured cells and animal organs. <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: Using water extracts of <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>, we investigated the effect of “Qi-invigoration” on M-1 renal cells and mouse organs <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in-vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> including total adenylate production (TAP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). We also examined the effect on antioxidant capacity by conducting an analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: 1) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> increased mitochondrial TAP generation and decreased ROS levels in both mouse kidney tissues and M-1 renal cells. 2) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> also significantly increased MMP and GSH levels in M-1 cells, but in the kidney tissue</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> there was no significant change in MMP levels and a decrease in GSH levels. 3) <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> stimulated TAP levels in the heart, spleen, lung, kidney and skeletal muscle tissue, which was accompanied by the reduction of ROS. 4) For the meridian organs that <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Astragali radix</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i> belongs to, the energy production and antioxidant capacity were boosted simultaneously. <i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></i>: These results provide new insights for the biochemical </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">b</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">asis of Qi-invigoration and the meridian tropism theory for this Qi-invigora</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ting herb.</span></span>
文摘Transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) is a well-known case-parents family-based method to detect the association between genetic polymorphisms and a disease phenotype. Various extensions of the TDT have been developed and widely applied in medical research. In this article, we introduced a simple simulation algorithm based on a transition model to generate general nuclear families rather than trios to simulate multiple tightly linked markers. The simulations show that the empirical distributions of the test statistics coincide with the expected distribution under the null hypothesis.
基金supported by National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China (No.22209104)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22179077)。
文摘The poor interfacial contact is one of the biggest challenges that solid-state lithium batteries suffer from.Reducing the solid-state electrolyte surface energy by transforming the interface from lithiophobic to lithiophilic is effective to promote the interfacial contact, but electronic conductive interphases usually increase the risk of electron attack, thus leading to uncontrollable Li dendrite growth. Herein, we propose a self-assembled thermodynamic stable Li I interphase to simultaneously improve the interfacial contact between the garnet electrolyte Li_7La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO) and Li anode, and prohibit the electron attack. The direct contact between LLZO and Li and the high temperature Li melting process was ascribed to Zr4+reduction, which facilitated Li dendrite formation and propagation. With the modification of the high lithiophilic I_(2) thin film, the area specific interfacial resistance of LLZO/Li was reduced from 1525 Ω/cm^(2) to 57 Ω/cm^(2). More importantly, LLZO was protected from being reduced due to the outstanding electronic insulativity of the Li I interphase, which leaded to a high critical current density of 1.2/7.0 m A/cm^(2) in the time/capacity-constant modes, respectively.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31801117 to Dr.X.Li and 82073287 to Dr.Zhang)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University in China(Grant No.IRT_14R40 to Dr.K.Chen)the Chinese National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2018YFC1315601).
文摘Objective:Large volume radiological text data have been accumulated since the incorporation of electronic health record(EHR)systems in clinical practice.We aimed to determine whether deep natural language processing algorithms could aid radiologists in improving thyroid cancer diagnosis.Methods:Sonographic EHR data were obtained from the EHR database.Pathological reports were used as the gold standard for diagnosing thyroid cancer.We developed thyroid cancer diagnosis based on natural language processing(THCaDxNLP)to interpret unstructured sonographic text reports for thyroid cancer diagnosis.We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC)as the primary metric to measure the performance of the THCaDxNLP.We compared the performance of thyroid ultrasound radiologists aided with THCaDxNLP vs.those without THCaDxNLP using 5 independent test sets.Results:We obtained a total number of 788,129 sonographic radiological reports.The number of thyroid sonographic data points was 132,277,18,400 of which were thyroid cancer patients.Among the 5 test sets,the numbers of patients per set were 439,186,82,343,and 171.THCaDxNLP achieved high performance in identifying thyroid cancer patients(the AUROC ranged from 0.857–0.932).Thyroid ultrasound radiologists aided with THCaDxNLP achieved significantly higher performances than those without THCaDxNLP in terms of accuracy(93.8%vs.87.2%;one-sided t-test,adjusted P=0.003),precision(92.5%vs.86.0%;P=0.018),and F1 metric(94.2%vs.86.4%;P=0.007).Conclusions:THCaDxNLP achieved a high AUROC for the identification of thyroid cancer,and improved the accuracy,sensitivity,and precision of thyroid ultrasound radiologists.This warrants further investigation of THCaDxNLP in prospective clinical trials.
基金Supported by the grant from Guangdong Province Social Development Project (No. 2010133)
文摘Objective The aim of the study was to further explore the diagnostic value of breast dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE), and improve specificity of breast cancer diagnosis.
基金supported by Beijing Joint Research Program for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding(Grant No.G20220628003-03)Chongqing Municipal People's Government and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences strategic cooperation project,Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2020B020220001)+3 种基金the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(Grant No.CARS-23)Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)Central public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Grant No.Y2017PT52)the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China。
文摘Heat stress causes overgrowth,leaf dryness and fruit malformation,which negatively impacts cucumber quality and yield.Yet,in spite of the devastating consequences of this abiotic stress,few genes for heat tolerance in cucumber have been identified.Here,the heat injury indices of 88 cucumber accessions representing diverse ecotypes were collected in two open-field environments,with naturally occurring high temperatures over two years.Seventeen of the 88 accessions were identified as highly heat-tolerant.Using a genome-wide association study,five loci(gHII3.1,gHII3.2,gHII3.3,gHII4.1 and gHII6.1)on three chromosomes associated with heat tolerance were detected.Pairwise linkage disequilibrium correlation,sequence polymorphisms,and qRT-PCR analyses at these loci,identified five candidate genes predicted to be casual for heat stress response in cucumber.CsaV3_3G04883,CsaV3_4G029050 and CsaV3_6G005370 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated by heat stress in the heat-tolerant genotypes.CsaV3_3G031890 was also induced by heat stress,but in the heatsensitive genotypes,and sequence polymorphism was only found in the promoter region.Identifying these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding cucumber thermotolerance mechanisms.Our study is one of the few to examine heat stress in adult cucumber plants and it therefore fills a critical gap in knowledge.It is also an important first-step towards accelerating the breeding of robust heat-tolerant varieties.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1001500)Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401811)+3 种基金Key Program of Sichuan Natural Science Foundation(2022NSFSC0015)local financial funds of the National Agricultural Science and Technology Center,Chengdu(NASC2024KR01)research start up fund of Chengdu Agricultural College(25BS02),Significant Science and Technology Project of China National Tobacco Corporation(110202101060(XJ-09))Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2024NSFSC1204).
文摘Iron(Fe)is a micronutrient for living organisms,and maintenance of Fe homeostasis is required for normal physiological functions.In this study,we report the function of a plasma membrane localized transporter(Polyol transporter 8,TaPLT8)in wheat,which is regarded as a novel regulator for Fe transport.TaPLT8 is specifically expressed in wheat roots and is induced by environmental Fe.Knockout of TaPLT8 increased Fe accumulation in roots but resulted in decreased Fe levels in shoots and grain.The change was caused by an altered tolerance or increased susceptibility to excessive environmental Fe in the vicinity of wheat roots,and inhibited root growth.Overexpression of TaPLT8A improved Fe transport from roots to shoots and grains,and increased grain Fe levels by up to 14.46%.Compared to wild type(WT)plants,the levels of Citrate and Fe levels in xylem sap were significantly decreased in taplt8 mutants but significantly increased in TaPLT8 OE lines.Transcriptome analysis of taplt8 mutants indicated that TaPLT8 affected citrate levels by influencing glycolysis and the citrate cycle pathway in roots,thus impacting Fe translocation.The findings demonstrated that TaPLT8 mediates Fe distribution in wheat roots and shoots,contributing to greater understanding of the contribution of TaPLT8 to Fe accumulation in grains.
文摘Transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) is a popular family based genetic association method. Under multiplicative assumption, a conditional logistic regression for matched pair, affected offspring with allele transmitted from parents and pseudo-offspring (control) with allele non-transmitted from parents, was built to detect the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">main </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">effects of genes and gene-covariate interaction</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. When there exist genotype uncertainties, expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm was adopted to estimate the coefficients. The transmission model was applied to detect the association between M235T polymorphism in AGT gene and essential hypertension (ESH). Most of parents are not available in the 126 families from HongKong Chinese population. The results </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">showed M235T is associat</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with hypertension and there is interaction between M235T and the case’s sex. The allele T is higher risk for male than female</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span>
文摘The polystyrene (PS) materials tend to yellow over time. The yellowing phenomenon is an indicator of the material’s reduced performance and structural integrity. In the natural environment, sunlight is a major contributor to the yellowing, and elevated temperatures can accelerate the chemical reactions that lead to yellowing. The natural environmental factors are difficult to control, making it challenging to predict the yellowing process accurately. In this paper, we established a model to quantify the relationship between the yellowing index and key factors, solar radiation and temperature, from outdoor monitored climatic data. The model is trained and tested by the datasets collected from atmospheric exposure test stations located in Guangzhou and Qionghai. Same kinds of PS materials were exposed to external natural environments at the stations for one year. The parameters were estimated by least squares method. The results indicated that the model fits training and testing datasets well with R2 of 0.980 and 0.985, respectively.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (CARS-23)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31672172)+1 种基金The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China。
文摘Cucumber is one of the most widely consumed vegetables worldwide,and the fruit spine is an important fruit quality trait.Expansins play critical roles in fruit development;however,the regulation of expansins in cucumber fruit spine development has not been reported.In this study,33 expansin genes were identified in the cucumber genome V3;additionally,expansin genes in Citrullus lanatus,Cucumis melo,Cucurbita maxima,Lagenaria siceraria,and Benincasa hispida were also identified.Phylogenetic analysis of expansin proteins in Cucurbitaceae and Arabidopsis showed that they evolved separately in each plant species.Phylogenetic analysis showed that C.maxima was derived earlier than the other five Cucurbitaceae species.The expression of CsEXPA2,CsEXPA14,and CsEXLA3 varied in cucumber lines with different fruit spine densities.A yeast two-hybrid assay showed that a putative auxin transporter encoded by numerous spine gene(ns)interacts with CsEXLA2,which may be involved in the development of the numerous spines in cucumber.These results provide novel insights into the expansins related to plant development and fruit spine development in cucumber.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771794)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0101004 and 2017YFD0100900)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of the Bureau of Science and Technology of Chengdu China (2015DFA306002015-GH03-00008-HZ)。
文摘Grain number per spikelet (GNS) is a key determinant of grain yield in wheat.A recombinant inbred line population comprising 300 lines was developed from a cross between a high GNS variety H461 and Chinese Spring from which the reference genome assembly of bread wheat was obtained.Both parents and the recombinant inbred lines were genotyped using the wheat 55K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array.A high-density genetic map containing 21,197 SNPs was obtained.These markers covered each of the 21 chromosomes with a total linkage distance of 3792.71 c M.Locations of these markers in this linkage map were highly consistent with their physical locations in the genome assembly of Chinese Spring.The two parents and the whole RIL population were assessed for GNS in two consecutive years at two different locations.Based on multi-environment phenotype data and best liner unbiased prediction values,three quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GNS were identified.One of them located on chromosomes 2B and the other two on 2D.Phenotypic variation explained by these loci varied from 3.07%to26.57%.One of these QTL,QGns.sicau-2D-2,was identified in each of all trials conducted.Based on the best linear unbiased prediction values,this locus explained 19.59%–26.57%of phenotypic variation.A KASP(Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR) marker closely linked with this locus was generated and used to validate the effects of this locus in three different genetic backgrounds.The identified QTL and the KASP marker developed for it will be highly valuable in fine-mapping the locus and in exploiting it for markerassisted selection in wheat breeding programs.
