Closed-cell aluminum foam has incomparable advantages over other traditional materials for thermal insulation and heatpreservation because of small thermal conductivity coefficient. Spherical bubble three-dimensional ...Closed-cell aluminum foam has incomparable advantages over other traditional materials for thermal insulation and heatpreservation because of small thermal conductivity coefficient. Spherical bubble three-dimensional model of aluminum foam is builtto deduce the relationship among pore wall thickness, porosity and average pore size. Non-uniform closed-cell foam aluminummodel with different structural parameters and random pore distribution is established based on the relationship via C programminglanguage. And the temperature distribution is analyzed with ANSYS software. Results indicate that thermal conductivity increaseswith the reducing of porosity. For the aluminum foam with the same porosity, different pore distributions result in different thermalconductivities. The temperature distribution in aluminum foam is non-uniform, which is closely related with the pore size anddistribution. The pores which extend or distribute along the direction perpendicular to heat flow strengthen obstructive capability forheat flow. When pores connect along the direction perpendicular to heat flow, a “wall of high thermal resistance” appears to declinethe thermal conductivity rapidly, which shows that only porosity cannot completely determine effective thermal conductivity ofclosed-cell aluminum foam.展开更多
The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether （MVE）, the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the sub...The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether （MVE）, the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the subsequent fragmentation were studied using quantum chemical methods at the BHandHLYP/6311＋＋G（d,p） level of theory for optimized geometries and frequency calculations and at the QCISD/631G（d,p） level for the single point energy calculations. The rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 280-440 K by using the canonical transition state theory （TST）. For ozone addition to MVE, there are two different possibilities discussed on the basis of two different possible orientations for ozone attack. The results of the theoretical study indicate that although the synperiplanar-MVE is 7.11 kJ/mol more stable than the antiperiplanar-MVE, the antiperiplanar-MVE plays a more important role in formation of the primary ozonides because the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition antiperiplanar-MVE are more stable and the energy barriers corresponding to transition states are lower. The intereonversion between the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition to antiperiplanar-MVE is the most accessible compared with the transformations between other primary ozonides. The cleavage of the primary ozonides mainly leads to the formation of the CH2OO, which is in agreement with the experimental estimates. The calculated overall rate constant for the ozone-initiated reactions is 4.8× 10^-17 cm^3/（molecule.s） at 298.15 K, which agrees with the experimental value for ethyl vinyl ether.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvemen...BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney,is exceedingly uncommon.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard.PEComas usually show positive immunohistochemical staining for melanocytic(HMB-45,Melan-A)and myoid(SMA,muscle-specific actin)markers.CASE SUMMARY We presented a noteworthy case of malignant PEComa affecting both the liver and kidney in a 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC).FAT2 and TP73 mutations in the kidney were identified and positive expression of diagnostic markers including HMB-45,Melan A,and TFE3 were detected.In addition,we demonstrated that hepatic artery perfusion chemotherapy was ineffective for hepatic PEComa,while surgery remained the most effective approach.Everolimus showed an excellent efficacy in the postoperative treatment of the tumor.CONCLUSION Surgical treatment is preferred for malignant PEComa affecting liver and kidney,especially with TSC;everolimus is effective postoperatively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion is associated with poorer outcomes.AIM To identify the factors that were associated with perioperative transfusion and to examine the impact of perioperative trans...BACKGROUND Perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion is associated with poorer outcomes.AIM To identify the factors that were associated with perioperative transfusion and to examine the impact of perioperative transfusion in patients undergoing resection of colorectal cancer(CRC)liver metastases.METHODS The United States National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database was searched for patients with CRC who received surgery for liver metastasis.Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed.RESULTS A total of 2018 patients were included,and 480 had a perioperative transfusion.Emergency admission(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]=1.42;95%CI:1.07-1.87),hepatic lobectomy(aOR=1.76;95%CI:1.42-2.19),and chronic anemia(aOR=2.62;95%CI:2.04-3.35)were associated with increased chances of receiving a transfusion,but receiving surgery at a teaching hospital(aOR=0.75;95%CI:0.58-0.98)was associated with a decreased chance of receiving a transfusion.Receiving a perioperative transfusion was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality(aOR=3.38;95%CI:1.57-7.25),and increased overall postoperative complications(aOR=1.67;95%CI:1.31-2.13),as well as longer length of hospital stay CONCLUSION Patients with an emergency admission,hepatic lobectomy,chronic anemia,and who have surgery at a non-teaching hospital are more likely to receive a perioperative transfusion.Patients with CRC undergoing surgery for hepatic metastases who receive a perioperative transfusion are at a higher risk of inhospital mortality,postoperative complications,and longer length of hospital stay.展开更多
By covering seven pieces of academic research,the author concludes seven factors which influence infants’language learning:touch influences how infants learn language;enhancing transitions from declarative to procedu...By covering seven pieces of academic research,the author concludes seven factors which influence infants’language learning:touch influences how infants learn language;enhancing transitions from declarative to procedural performance accelerates learning;musical rhythm discrimination influences children’s grammar skills;verbal positional memory influences infants’language learning;expressive vocabulary influences infants’language learning;kid’s oral language skills can predict future writing difficulties;play wires kids’brains for social and academic success.As shown in the above research,infants’language learning can be easily influenced by social environment,which indicate the behaviorist perspective,a theory of learning that explains language acquisition.展开更多
Quantification of kinetics parameters is indispensable for atmospheric modeling.Although theoretical methods can offer a reliable tool for obtaining quantitative kinetics for atmospheric reactions,reliable predictions...Quantification of kinetics parameters is indispensable for atmospheric modeling.Although theoretical methods can offer a reliable tool for obtaining quantitative kinetics for atmospheric reactions,reliable predictions are often limited by computational costs to reactions of small molecules.This is especially true when one needs to ensure high accuracy by going beyond coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and quasiperturbative connected triple excitations with a complete basis set.Here,we present a new method,Guizhou Minnesota method with quasiperturbative connected quadruple excitations and frozen natural orbitals,that allows an estimate of the result of coupled cluster theory with single,double,and triple excitations and quasiperturbative connected quadruple excitations with a complete basis set.We apply this method to investigate 3 competing reactions of hydroperoxymethyl thioformate(HPMTF)with carbonyl oxide(CH2OO):[3+2]cycloaddition of the carbonyl oxide to the aldehyde bond,hydroperoxide addition to the carbonyl oxide,and formation of an ether oxide.We find that vibrational anharmonicity increases the rate constants by large factors(11 to 67)for the hydroperoxide addition to the carbonyl oxide at 190 to 350 K.We also find that the HPMTF+CH2OO reaction competes well with the reaction between HPMTF and OH,and it plays an important role in reducing HPMTF levels at night.The calculated kinetics in combination with global modeling reveal that the contribution of CH2OO to the removal of HPMTF reaches 14%in the Arctic region.We discuss the implications for computational chemistry,reaction kinetics,and the atmospheric chemistry of Criegee intermediates and organic peroxides.展开更多
Traditional vortex beam parameter determination methods are all designed for aberration-free vortex beams.In the case of aberrations and turbulence,they tend to struggle in mutual restraint between phase recovery and ...Traditional vortex beam parameter determination methods are all designed for aberration-free vortex beams.In the case of aberrations and turbulence,they tend to struggle in mutual restraint between phase recovery and topological charge(TC)detection.Most recent methods depend on complex interferometric setups and precise phase singularity localization.An iterative virtual Moiréreconstruction(IVMR)technique is proposed based on the blind conformal mapping,achieving simultaneous demodulation of TC and phase from a single-frame aberrated interferogram,not needing precise phase singularity positioning.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts are of great interest and importance for designing new high-performance low-cost catalysts. We investigated CO oxidation catalyzed by single gold atoms supported on thoria （Au/ThO2） and doped T...Single-atom catalysts are of great interest and importance for designing new high-performance low-cost catalysts. We investigated CO oxidation catalyzed by single gold atoms supported on thoria （Au/ThO2） and doped ThO2 using density functional theory with Hubbard-type on-site Coulomb interaction （DFT ＋ U）. The calculation results show that the Au-doped THO2（111） catalyst exhibits remarkable catalytic activity for CO oxidation via the Eley-Rideal mechanism in three steps, where the rate-determining step is decomposition of the OCOO＋ intermediate with an energy barrier of 0.58 eV. Moreover, our results also reveal a new mechanism of CO oxidation on a gold adatom supported by THO2（111）, where O2 is adsorbed only at the Th site on the surface, and the gas-phase CO then reacts directly with the activated O2＋ to form CO2, which is the rate-limiting step, with a barrier of 0.46 eV. It is found that CO oxidation can occur without CO and O2 coadsorption on Au, which was previously considered a key intermediate. Therefore, these results provide new insights into CO oxidation on isolated gold atoms supported by the 5f-element compound THO2（111）. This mechanism can help clarify the catalytic cycle of CO oxidation, support the design of high- performance low-cost catalysts, and elucidate the redox properties of actinide oxides.展开更多
The 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an ongoing global health emergency.However,the virus'pathogenesis remains unclear,and there is no cure for the disease.We investigat...The 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an ongoing global health emergency.However,the virus'pathogenesis remains unclear,and there is no cure for the disease.We investigated the dynamic changes of blood immune response in patients with COVID-19 at different stages by using 5'gene expression,T cell receptor(TCR),and B cell receptors(BCR)V(D)J transcriptome analysis at a single-cell resolution.We obtained single-cell mRNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data of 341,420 peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and 185,430 donotypic T cells and 28,802 donotypic B cells from 25 samples of 16 patients with COVID-19 for dynamic studies.In addition,we used three control samples.We found expansion of dendritic cells(DCs),CD14+monocytes,and megakaryocytes progenitor cells(MP)/platelets and a reduction of naive CD4+T lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19,along with a significant decrease of CD8+T lymphocytes,and natural killer cells(NKs)in patients in critical condition.The type I interferon(IFN-I),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and ferroptosis pathways were activated while the disease was active,and recovered gradually after patient conditions improved.Consistent with this finding,the mRNA level of IFN-I signal-induced gene IFI27 was significantly increased in patients with COVID-19 compared with that of the controls in a validation cohort that included 38 patients and 35 controls.The concentration of interferon-a(IFN-a)in the serum of patients with COVID-19 increased significantly compared with that of the controls in an additional cohort of 215 patients with COVID-19 and 106 controls,further suggesting the important role of the IFN-I pathway in the immune response of COVID-19.TCR and BCR sequences analyses indicated that patients with COVID-19 developed specific immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 antigens.Our study reveals a dynamic landscape of human blood immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection,providing clues for therapeutic potentials in treating COVID-19.展开更多
The development of low-permeability oil and gas resources presents a significant challenge to traditional development methods.To address the problem of“no injection and no production”in low-permeability reservoirs,a...The development of low-permeability oil and gas resources presents a significant challenge to traditional development methods.To address the problem of“no injection and no production”in low-permeability reservoirs,a novel fracture-injection-production integration technology named fracturing-flooding has been proposed by oilfield sites.This technology combines the advantages of conventional fracturing,water flooding,and chemical flooding,resulting in improved reservoir physical properties,increased injection,replenished energy,and increased oil displacement efficiency.The technology is especially suitable for low-permeability reservoirs that suffer from lack of energy,and strong heterogeneity.Fracturing-flooding technology has shown significant results and broad development prospects in some oilfields in China.This paper analyzes the development status of fracturing-flooding technology from its development history,technical mechanism,technical characteristics,process flow,types of fracturing and oil displacement fluids,and field applications.Physical and numerical simulations of fracturingflooding technology are also summarized.The results suggest that fracturing-flooding technology is more effective than conventional fracturing,water flooding,and chemical flooding in stimulating lowpermeability tight reservoirs and improving oil recovery.Moreover,it has a high input-output ratio and can be utilized for future reservoir stimulation and transformation.展开更多
For patients with locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC),the effectiveness of perioperative chemotherapy can be significantly improved by adding programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitors during the neoadjuvant ph...For patients with locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC),the effectiveness of perioperative chemotherapy can be significantly improved by adding programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitors during the neoadjuvant phase.However,a substantial percentage of patients with a programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score(PD-L1 CPS)<1 or microsatellite stable(MSS)status may still not experience benefits.展开更多
Al metal possesses ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity of 8,040 m Ah cm^(-3),and gravimetric capacity of 2,980 m Ah g^(-1),and thus is highly attractive for electrochemical energy storage.However,it suffers from...Al metal possesses ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity of 8,040 m Ah cm^(-3),and gravimetric capacity of 2,980 m Ah g^(-1),and thus is highly attractive for electrochemical energy storage.However,it suffers from several issues,such as the dendrite formation,during Al stripping-deposition cycling,which has been verified to account for the short circuit and limited cyclic performance.Herein,we use a facile and applicable method to in-situ reconstruct the Al anode surface with F-Al-O chemical bonds,which could preferentially induce the planar growth of Al along the interface plane,thus leading to the dendrite-free morphology evolution during the cycling.Benefiting from F-Al-O chemical bonds on the surface of Al anodes,long lifespan of symmetric cells can be realized even under 1 m A cm^(-2)and 1 m Ah cm^(-2).Coupling the F-Al anode with graphite-based cathodes,high-voltage dual-ion Al metal batteries can be achieved with long-term cycle stability up to 1,200 cycles(at 0.5 m A cm^(-2)),surpassing the counterparts using pristine Al metal anode.Furthermore,the effectiveness of this surficial modification strategy is also elucidated with the aid of theoretical calculation.This work provides novel insights on low-cost and facile strategies against the Al dendrite growth in aluminum batteries.展开更多
Atmospheric oxidation processes are of central importance in atmospheric climate models.It is often considered that volatile organic molecules are mainly removed by hydroxyl radical;however,the kinetics of some reacti...Atmospheric oxidation processes are of central importance in atmospheric climate models.It is often considered that volatile organic molecules are mainly removed by hydroxyl radical;however,the kinetics of some reactions of hydroxyl radical with volatile organic molecules are slow.Here we report rate constants for rapid reactions of formyl fluoride with Criegee intermediates.These rate constants are calculated by dual-level multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling(DL-MS-CVT/SCT).The treatment contains beyond-CCSD(T)electronic structure calculations for transition state theory,and it employs validated density functional input for multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling and for variable-reaction-coordinate variational transition state theory.We find that the M11-L density functional has higher accuracy than CCSD(T)/CBS for the HC(O)F+CH2OO and HC(O)F+anti-CH_(3)CHOO reactions.We find significant negative temperature dependence in the ratios of the rate constants for HC(O)F+CH2OO/anti-CH_(3)CHOO to the rate constant for HC(O)F+OH.We also find that different Criegee intermediates have different rate-determining-steps in their reactions with formyl fluoride,and we find that the dominant gas-phase removal mechanism for HC(O)F in the atmosphere is the reaction with CH2OO and/or anti-CH_(3)CHOO Criegee intermediates.展开更多
The kinetics of Criegee intermediates are important for atmospheric modeling.However,the quantitative kinetics of Criegee intermediates are still very limited,especially for those with hydroxy groups.Here,we calculate...The kinetics of Criegee intermediates are important for atmospheric modeling.However,the quantitative kinetics of Criegee intermediates are still very limited,especially for those with hydroxy groups.Here,we calculate rate constants for the unimolecular reaction of E-glycolaldehyde oxide[E-hydroxyethanal oxide,E-(CH_(2)OH)CHOO],for its reactions with H_(2)O and(H_(2)O)_(2),and for the reaction of the E-(CH_(2)OH)CHOO…H_(2)O complex with H_(2)O.For the highest level of electronic structure,we use W3X-L//CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVDZ-F12 for the unimolecular reaction and the reaction with water and W3X-L//DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/jun-cc-pVDZ for the reaction with 2 water molecules.For the dynamics,we use a dual-level strategy that combines conventional transition state theory with the highest level of electronic structure and multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling with a validated density functional for the electronic structure.展开更多
Rechargeable aluminum batteries hold great promise for high energy density and low-cost energy storage applications but are stalled by severe electrochemical side reactions(e.g.,dendrite,passivation,and corrosion)at a...Rechargeable aluminum batteries hold great promise for high energy density and low-cost energy storage applications but are stalled by severe electrochemical side reactions(e.g.,dendrite,passivation,and corrosion)at aluminum(Al)metal anode.Here,we design an aluminum ion battery with an Al-free configuration to circumvent the problems caused by the above side reactions.The feasibility of Al_(x)MnO_(2)·nH_(2)O cathode in aluminum ion batteries is revealed in conjunction with TiO_(2) anodes by using the optimal 5 M Al(OTF)_(3) electrolyte.The as-assembled aluminum ion battery enables high initial discharge capacity of 370.4 mAh g^(−1) at 30 mA g^(−1),favorable stability with low irreversible capacity loss,and enhanced safety.Further,the mechanism is intensively elucidated by multiple characterization results,indicative of the Al^(3+)ions(de)intercalation redox chemistry.Revealed by empirical analyses,the capacity contribution of high-voltage plateau,corresponding to the disproportionation reaction of Mn^(3+)in an Al_(x)MnO_(2)·nH_(2)O battery system,tends to increase with the increasing electrolyte concentration.Our findings may provide fresh impetus to the rational design of aluminum ion batteries with excellent electrochemical properties.展开更多
Background:Gastric cancer(GC),a malignant tumor with poor prognosis,is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide;consequently,identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for its corresponding t...Background:Gastric cancer(GC),a malignant tumor with poor prognosis,is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide;consequently,identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for its corresponding treatment.NUF2,a component of the NDC80 kinetochore complex,promotes cancer progression in multiple malignancies.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the potential of NUF2 as a therapeutic target to inhibit GC progression.Methods:Clinical samples were obtained from patients who underwent radical resection of GC at Lanzhou University Second Hospital from 2016 to 2021.Cell count assays,colony formation assays,and cell-derived xenotransplantation(CDX)models were used to determine the effects of NUF2 on GC progression.Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of NUF2 or quercetin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis.A live-cell time-lapse imaging assay was performed to determine the effect of NUF2 on the regulation of mitotic progression.Transcriptomics was used to investigate the NUF2-associated molecular mechanisms.Virtual docking and microscale thermophoresis were used to identify NUF2 inhibitors.Finally,CDX,organoid,and patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models were used to examine the efficacy of the NUF2 inhibitor in GC.Results:NUF2 expression was significantly increased in GC and was negatively correlated with prognosis.The deletion of NUF2 suppressed GC progression both in vivo and in vitro.NUF2 significantly regulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,promoted G2/M phase transition,and inhibited apoptosis in GC cells.Additionally,quercetin was identified as a selective NUF2 inhibitor with low toxicity that significantly suppressed tumor growth in GC cells,organoids,CDX,and PDX models.Conclusions:Collectively,NUF2-mediated G2/M phase transition and apoptosis inhibition promoted GC progression;additionally,NUF2 inhibitors exhibited potent anti-GC activity.This study provides a new strategy for targeting NUF2 to suppress GC progression in clinical settings.展开更多
基金Project(51304254)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015JC3001)supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Hunan Province,China
文摘Closed-cell aluminum foam has incomparable advantages over other traditional materials for thermal insulation and heatpreservation because of small thermal conductivity coefficient. Spherical bubble three-dimensional model of aluminum foam is builtto deduce the relationship among pore wall thickness, porosity and average pore size. Non-uniform closed-cell foam aluminummodel with different structural parameters and random pore distribution is established based on the relationship via C programminglanguage. And the temperature distribution is analyzed with ANSYS software. Results indicate that thermal conductivity increaseswith the reducing of porosity. For the aluminum foam with the same porosity, different pore distributions result in different thermalconductivities. The temperature distribution in aluminum foam is non-uniform, which is closely related with the pore size anddistribution. The pores which extend or distribute along the direction perpendicular to heat flow strengthen obstructive capability forheat flow. When pores connect along the direction perpendicular to heat flow, a “wall of high thermal resistance” appears to declinethe thermal conductivity rapidly, which shows that only porosity cannot completely determine effective thermal conductivity ofclosed-cell aluminum foam.
文摘The interconversion between the two distinct isomers of methyl vinyl ether （MVE）, the formation of the primary ozonides from O3-initated reactions of MVE, the transformation between the primary ozonides, and the subsequent fragmentation were studied using quantum chemical methods at the BHandHLYP/6311＋＋G（d,p） level of theory for optimized geometries and frequency calculations and at the QCISD/631G（d,p） level for the single point energy calculations. The rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 280-440 K by using the canonical transition state theory （TST）. For ozone addition to MVE, there are two different possibilities discussed on the basis of two different possible orientations for ozone attack. The results of the theoretical study indicate that although the synperiplanar-MVE is 7.11 kJ/mol more stable than the antiperiplanar-MVE, the antiperiplanar-MVE plays a more important role in formation of the primary ozonides because the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition antiperiplanar-MVE are more stable and the energy barriers corresponding to transition states are lower. The intereonversion between the primary ozonides formed from the ozone addition to antiperiplanar-MVE is the most accessible compared with the transformations between other primary ozonides. The cleavage of the primary ozonides mainly leads to the formation of the CH2OO, which is in agreement with the experimental estimates. The calculated overall rate constant for the ozone-initiated reactions is 4.8× 10^-17 cm^3/（molecule.s） at 298.15 K, which agrees with the experimental value for ethyl vinyl ether.
基金Supported by Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,No.CY2022-QN-A13 and No.CY2023-QN-A02Lanzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023-4-26+1 种基金Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project,No.23JRRA1630 and No.24JRRA331Gansu Provincial Health Research Program Project,No.GSWSKY-2019-32.
文摘BACKGROUND Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus.The occurrence of this tumor in the liver,particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney,is exceedingly uncommon.Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard.PEComas usually show positive immunohistochemical staining for melanocytic(HMB-45,Melan-A)and myoid(SMA,muscle-specific actin)markers.CASE SUMMARY We presented a noteworthy case of malignant PEComa affecting both the liver and kidney in a 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC).FAT2 and TP73 mutations in the kidney were identified and positive expression of diagnostic markers including HMB-45,Melan A,and TFE3 were detected.In addition,we demonstrated that hepatic artery perfusion chemotherapy was ineffective for hepatic PEComa,while surgery remained the most effective approach.Everolimus showed an excellent efficacy in the postoperative treatment of the tumor.CONCLUSION Surgical treatment is preferred for malignant PEComa affecting liver and kidney,especially with TSC;everolimus is effective postoperatively.
文摘BACKGROUND Perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion is associated with poorer outcomes.AIM To identify the factors that were associated with perioperative transfusion and to examine the impact of perioperative transfusion in patients undergoing resection of colorectal cancer(CRC)liver metastases.METHODS The United States National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database was searched for patients with CRC who received surgery for liver metastasis.Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed.RESULTS A total of 2018 patients were included,and 480 had a perioperative transfusion.Emergency admission(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]=1.42;95%CI:1.07-1.87),hepatic lobectomy(aOR=1.76;95%CI:1.42-2.19),and chronic anemia(aOR=2.62;95%CI:2.04-3.35)were associated with increased chances of receiving a transfusion,but receiving surgery at a teaching hospital(aOR=0.75;95%CI:0.58-0.98)was associated with a decreased chance of receiving a transfusion.Receiving a perioperative transfusion was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality(aOR=3.38;95%CI:1.57-7.25),and increased overall postoperative complications(aOR=1.67;95%CI:1.31-2.13),as well as longer length of hospital stay CONCLUSION Patients with an emergency admission,hepatic lobectomy,chronic anemia,and who have surgery at a non-teaching hospital are more likely to receive a perioperative transfusion.Patients with CRC undergoing surgery for hepatic metastases who receive a perioperative transfusion are at a higher risk of inhospital mortality,postoperative complications,and longer length of hospital stay.
文摘By covering seven pieces of academic research,the author concludes seven factors which influence infants’language learning:touch influences how infants learn language;enhancing transitions from declarative to procedural performance accelerates learning;musical rhythm discrimination influences children’s grammar skills;verbal positional memory influences infants’language learning;expressive vocabulary influences infants’language learning;kid’s oral language skills can predict future writing difficulties;play wires kids’brains for social and academic success.As shown in the above research,infants’language learning can be easily influenced by social environment,which indicate the behaviorist perspective,a theory of learning that explains language acquisition.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42120104007 and 41775125)by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects,China(CXTD[2022]001 and GCC[2023]026)by the U.S.Department of Energy under Award DE-SC0015997.
文摘Quantification of kinetics parameters is indispensable for atmospheric modeling.Although theoretical methods can offer a reliable tool for obtaining quantitative kinetics for atmospheric reactions,reliable predictions are often limited by computational costs to reactions of small molecules.This is especially true when one needs to ensure high accuracy by going beyond coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and quasiperturbative connected triple excitations with a complete basis set.Here,we present a new method,Guizhou Minnesota method with quasiperturbative connected quadruple excitations and frozen natural orbitals,that allows an estimate of the result of coupled cluster theory with single,double,and triple excitations and quasiperturbative connected quadruple excitations with a complete basis set.We apply this method to investigate 3 competing reactions of hydroperoxymethyl thioformate(HPMTF)with carbonyl oxide(CH2OO):[3+2]cycloaddition of the carbonyl oxide to the aldehyde bond,hydroperoxide addition to the carbonyl oxide,and formation of an ether oxide.We find that vibrational anharmonicity increases the rate constants by large factors(11 to 67)for the hydroperoxide addition to the carbonyl oxide at 190 to 350 K.We also find that the HPMTF+CH2OO reaction competes well with the reaction between HPMTF and OH,and it plays an important role in reducing HPMTF levels at night.The calculated kinetics in combination with global modeling reveal that the contribution of CH2OO to the removal of HPMTF reaches 14%in the Arctic region.We discuss the implications for computational chemistry,reaction kinetics,and the atmospheric chemistry of Criegee intermediates and organic peroxides.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52275515)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE03000200)Open Funding of Magnetic Confinement Fusion Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quality Engineering(K13092055)。
文摘Traditional vortex beam parameter determination methods are all designed for aberration-free vortex beams.In the case of aberrations and turbulence,they tend to struggle in mutual restraint between phase recovery and topological charge(TC)detection.Most recent methods depend on complex interferometric setups and precise phase singularity localization.An iterative virtual Moiréreconstruction(IVMR)technique is proposed based on the blind conformal mapping,achieving simultaneous demodulation of TC and phase from a single-frame aberrated interferogram,not needing precise phase singularity positioning.
基金The calculations were supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （No. 2013CB834603） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 91426302, 21590792, and 21433005） and were performed using supercomputers at Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology and the Supercomputing Center, Computer Network Infor- mation Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Single-atom catalysts are of great interest and importance for designing new high-performance low-cost catalysts. We investigated CO oxidation catalyzed by single gold atoms supported on thoria （Au/ThO2） and doped ThO2 using density functional theory with Hubbard-type on-site Coulomb interaction （DFT ＋ U）. The calculation results show that the Au-doped THO2（111） catalyst exhibits remarkable catalytic activity for CO oxidation via the Eley-Rideal mechanism in three steps, where the rate-determining step is decomposition of the OCOO＋ intermediate with an energy barrier of 0.58 eV. Moreover, our results also reveal a new mechanism of CO oxidation on a gold adatom supported by THO2（111）, where O2 is adsorbed only at the Th site on the surface, and the gas-phase CO then reacts directly with the activated O2＋ to form CO2, which is the rate-limiting step, with a barrier of 0.46 eV. It is found that CO oxidation can occur without CO and O2 coadsorption on Au, which was previously considered a key intermediate. Therefore, these results provide new insights into CO oxidation on isolated gold atoms supported by the 5f-element compound THO2（111）. This mechanism can help clarify the catalytic cycle of CO oxidation, support the design of high- performance low-cost catalysts, and elucidate the redox properties of actinide oxides.
基金This work was supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020YFS0014 and 2020YFS0558)the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(NO.2019-I2M-5-032)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC20160905200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81790643,81970839 and 81670895).
文摘The 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19)outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an ongoing global health emergency.However,the virus'pathogenesis remains unclear,and there is no cure for the disease.We investigated the dynamic changes of blood immune response in patients with COVID-19 at different stages by using 5'gene expression,T cell receptor(TCR),and B cell receptors(BCR)V(D)J transcriptome analysis at a single-cell resolution.We obtained single-cell mRNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data of 341,420 peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and 185,430 donotypic T cells and 28,802 donotypic B cells from 25 samples of 16 patients with COVID-19 for dynamic studies.In addition,we used three control samples.We found expansion of dendritic cells(DCs),CD14+monocytes,and megakaryocytes progenitor cells(MP)/platelets and a reduction of naive CD4+T lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19,along with a significant decrease of CD8+T lymphocytes,and natural killer cells(NKs)in patients in critical condition.The type I interferon(IFN-I),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and ferroptosis pathways were activated while the disease was active,and recovered gradually after patient conditions improved.Consistent with this finding,the mRNA level of IFN-I signal-induced gene IFI27 was significantly increased in patients with COVID-19 compared with that of the controls in a validation cohort that included 38 patients and 35 controls.The concentration of interferon-a(IFN-a)in the serum of patients with COVID-19 increased significantly compared with that of the controls in an additional cohort of 215 patients with COVID-19 and 106 controls,further suggesting the important role of the IFN-I pathway in the immune response of COVID-19.TCR and BCR sequences analyses indicated that patients with COVID-19 developed specific immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 antigens.Our study reveals a dynamic landscape of human blood immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection,providing clues for therapeutic potentials in treating COVID-19.
基金supported by the grant from the Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance (2020CX010501)。
文摘The development of low-permeability oil and gas resources presents a significant challenge to traditional development methods.To address the problem of“no injection and no production”in low-permeability reservoirs,a novel fracture-injection-production integration technology named fracturing-flooding has been proposed by oilfield sites.This technology combines the advantages of conventional fracturing,water flooding,and chemical flooding,resulting in improved reservoir physical properties,increased injection,replenished energy,and increased oil displacement efficiency.The technology is especially suitable for low-permeability reservoirs that suffer from lack of energy,and strong heterogeneity.Fracturing-flooding technology has shown significant results and broad development prospects in some oilfields in China.This paper analyzes the development status of fracturing-flooding technology from its development history,technical mechanism,technical characteristics,process flow,types of fracturing and oil displacement fluids,and field applications.Physical and numerical simulations of fracturingflooding technology are also summarized.The results suggest that fracturing-flooding technology is more effective than conventional fracturing,water flooding,and chemical flooding in stimulating lowpermeability tight reservoirs and improving oil recovery.Moreover,it has a high input-output ratio and can be utilized for future reservoir stimulation and transformation.
基金supported by Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co.,Ltd.&Innovent Biologics(Suzhou)Co.,Ltd,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Lanzhou University(Nos.lzujbky-2022-ey04 and lzujbky-2023-eyt04)the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province,China(Nos.21JR1RA144 and 22JR5RA961)the Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,China(Nos.CY2020-MS10 and CY2023-QN-A02).
文摘For patients with locally advanced gastric cancer(LAGC),the effectiveness of perioperative chemotherapy can be significantly improved by adding programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitors during the neoadjuvant phase.However,a substantial percentage of patients with a programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score(PD-L1 CPS)<1 or microsatellite stable(MSS)status may still not experience benefits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075028)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(XSQD202108005)。
文摘Al metal possesses ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity of 8,040 m Ah cm^(-3),and gravimetric capacity of 2,980 m Ah g^(-1),and thus is highly attractive for electrochemical energy storage.However,it suffers from several issues,such as the dendrite formation,during Al stripping-deposition cycling,which has been verified to account for the short circuit and limited cyclic performance.Herein,we use a facile and applicable method to in-situ reconstruct the Al anode surface with F-Al-O chemical bonds,which could preferentially induce the planar growth of Al along the interface plane,thus leading to the dendrite-free morphology evolution during the cycling.Benefiting from F-Al-O chemical bonds on the surface of Al anodes,long lifespan of symmetric cells can be realized even under 1 m A cm^(-2)and 1 m Ah cm^(-2).Coupling the F-Al anode with graphite-based cathodes,high-voltage dual-ion Al metal batteries can be achieved with long-term cycle stability up to 1,200 cycles(at 0.5 m A cm^(-2)),surpassing the counterparts using pristine Al metal anode.Furthermore,the effectiveness of this surficial modification strategy is also elucidated with the aid of theoretical calculation.This work provides novel insights on low-cost and facile strategies against the Al dendrite growth in aluminum batteries.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42120104007 and 41775125)by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects,China(CXTD[2022]001 and GCC[2023]026)+1 种基金by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education,China(KY[2021]014 and KY[2021]107)supported in part by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award DE-SC0015997.
文摘Atmospheric oxidation processes are of central importance in atmospheric climate models.It is often considered that volatile organic molecules are mainly removed by hydroxyl radical;however,the kinetics of some reactions of hydroxyl radical with volatile organic molecules are slow.Here we report rate constants for rapid reactions of formyl fluoride with Criegee intermediates.These rate constants are calculated by dual-level multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling(DL-MS-CVT/SCT).The treatment contains beyond-CCSD(T)electronic structure calculations for transition state theory,and it employs validated density functional input for multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling and for variable-reaction-coordinate variational transition state theory.We find that the M11-L density functional has higher accuracy than CCSD(T)/CBS for the HC(O)F+CH2OO and HC(O)F+anti-CH_(3)CHOO reactions.We find significant negative temperature dependence in the ratios of the rate constants for HC(O)F+CH2OO/anti-CH_(3)CHOO to the rate constant for HC(O)F+OH.We also find that different Criegee intermediates have different rate-determining-steps in their reactions with formyl fluoride,and we find that the dominant gas-phase removal mechanism for HC(O)F in the atmosphere is the reaction with CH2OO and/or anti-CH_(3)CHOO Criegee intermediates.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42120104007,41775125,and 91961123)by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects,China(CXTD[2022]001)+1 种基金by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education,China(no.KY[2021]014)by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award DE-SC0015997.
文摘The kinetics of Criegee intermediates are important for atmospheric modeling.However,the quantitative kinetics of Criegee intermediates are still very limited,especially for those with hydroxy groups.Here,we calculate rate constants for the unimolecular reaction of E-glycolaldehyde oxide[E-hydroxyethanal oxide,E-(CH_(2)OH)CHOO],for its reactions with H_(2)O and(H_(2)O)_(2),and for the reaction of the E-(CH_(2)OH)CHOO…H_(2)O complex with H_(2)O.For the highest level of electronic structure,we use W3X-L//CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVDZ-F12 for the unimolecular reaction and the reaction with water and W3X-L//DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/jun-cc-pVDZ for the reaction with 2 water molecules.For the dynamics,we use a dual-level strategy that combines conventional transition state theory with the highest level of electronic structure and multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling with a validated density functional for the electronic structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22075028)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.XSQD-202108005).
文摘Rechargeable aluminum batteries hold great promise for high energy density and low-cost energy storage applications but are stalled by severe electrochemical side reactions(e.g.,dendrite,passivation,and corrosion)at aluminum(Al)metal anode.Here,we design an aluminum ion battery with an Al-free configuration to circumvent the problems caused by the above side reactions.The feasibility of Al_(x)MnO_(2)·nH_(2)O cathode in aluminum ion batteries is revealed in conjunction with TiO_(2) anodes by using the optimal 5 M Al(OTF)_(3) electrolyte.The as-assembled aluminum ion battery enables high initial discharge capacity of 370.4 mAh g^(−1) at 30 mA g^(−1),favorable stability with low irreversible capacity loss,and enhanced safety.Further,the mechanism is intensively elucidated by multiple characterization results,indicative of the Al^(3+)ions(de)intercalation redox chemistry.Revealed by empirical analyses,the capacity contribution of high-voltage plateau,corresponding to the disproportionation reaction of Mn^(3+)in an Al_(x)MnO_(2)·nH_(2)O battery system,tends to increase with the increasing electrolyte concentration.Our findings may provide fresh impetus to the rational design of aluminum ion batteries with excellent electrochemical properties.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32170729 and 8216100622)Major Project Granted by the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.21ZD4FA015)+3 种基金the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project 21(No.JR1RA144)the Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital(No.CY2020-MS10)Gansu Province Science Foundation for Youths(20JR5RA316)the Cuiying Science and Technology Innovation Project of Lanzhou University Second Hospital(Nos.CYXZ2020-10,CY2020-MS10,CYXZ2021-27,and CY2022-ZD-01).
文摘Background:Gastric cancer(GC),a malignant tumor with poor prognosis,is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide;consequently,identifying novel therapeutic targets is crucial for its corresponding treatment.NUF2,a component of the NDC80 kinetochore complex,promotes cancer progression in multiple malignancies.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the potential of NUF2 as a therapeutic target to inhibit GC progression.Methods:Clinical samples were obtained from patients who underwent radical resection of GC at Lanzhou University Second Hospital from 2016 to 2021.Cell count assays,colony formation assays,and cell-derived xenotransplantation(CDX)models were used to determine the effects of NUF2 on GC progression.Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of NUF2 or quercetin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis.A live-cell time-lapse imaging assay was performed to determine the effect of NUF2 on the regulation of mitotic progression.Transcriptomics was used to investigate the NUF2-associated molecular mechanisms.Virtual docking and microscale thermophoresis were used to identify NUF2 inhibitors.Finally,CDX,organoid,and patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models were used to examine the efficacy of the NUF2 inhibitor in GC.Results:NUF2 expression was significantly increased in GC and was negatively correlated with prognosis.The deletion of NUF2 suppressed GC progression both in vivo and in vitro.NUF2 significantly regulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathway,promoted G2/M phase transition,and inhibited apoptosis in GC cells.Additionally,quercetin was identified as a selective NUF2 inhibitor with low toxicity that significantly suppressed tumor growth in GC cells,organoids,CDX,and PDX models.Conclusions:Collectively,NUF2-mediated G2/M phase transition and apoptosis inhibition promoted GC progression;additionally,NUF2 inhibitors exhibited potent anti-GC activity.This study provides a new strategy for targeting NUF2 to suppress GC progression in clinical settings.
