摘要
目的:通过颈静脉孔以及Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ脑神经的显微解剖研究,对重要结构进行量化分析,为手术提供解剖依据,并进一步澄清颈静脉孔的概念。方法:用10例成人尸头,在手术显微镜下对双侧重点观察了颈静脉孔的分隔,脑神经和颈静脉球的关系,同时对25例干性颅骨标本进行了大体测量。结果:Ⅸ和Ⅹ、Ⅺ脑神经之间有纤维(80%)或骨桥(20%)形成的不完全分隔,仅在1例干性颅骨标本中发现颈静脉孔被完全分隔为两个部分。Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ脑神经全部位于颈静脉孔的前内侧,它们在孔内有各自单独的神经鞘膜,出孔后和颈内动脉、颈内静脉有共同的纤维包膜。在颈静脉球和颈内静脉的连接部,舌咽神经被一致密的结缔组织纤维固定在颈内动脉上。结论:颈静脉孔内的结构分成神经部,岩部和乙状部是比较合理的,有助于更好地理解颈静脉孔区特殊结构。Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ脑神经在孔内的结构较为疏松,这种特点为术中辨认和神经保护提供了依据。
Objective:To study the normal anatomic features of the jugul ar foramen and the Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ crani-al nerves, and clarify the concept of the jug ular foramen on the basis of microscopic studies. Methods:Ten adult cadavers re moved of the brain and twenty-five dry skull species were observed and measured by using microscopic skills.Particular attention to the compartmentalization of the jugular foramen and the relationships of the caudal cranial nerves to the jugular bulb were analyzed. Results: Fiber septum(16 species,80%)or bony sept um(4 species, 20%) separating partly the cranial nerve Ⅸ from the cranial nerve Ⅹ and Ⅺ was observed. Only one dry skull specimens had a septum producing ent irely internal compartment of the jugular foramen. All nerves lay anteromedially to the jugular bulb with separate connective tissue sheaths. A dense tissue was always presented between the Ⅸ cranial nerve and the internal carotid artery. Conclusions: This study suggest that the jugular foramen can be divided into neu ral part, petrosal part and sigmoid part. The nerves come together by means of d iscrete trunks in the jugular foramen with loosing contaction each other. This c onfiguration may help us to recognize and protect the cranial nerves during the operation.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第3期237-239,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
关键词
颈静脉孔
显微解剖
脑神经
jugular foramen
microsurgical anatomy
cranial nerve
