摘要
介绍了适合日光温室、塑料大棚等设施栽培和小块农田经济作物栽培滴灌灌溉计划制定的2种方法。方法一:将真空表负压计埋在滴头正下方20cm深度处监测土壤水势,每次的灌水量相同,或者将作物整个生育期分为2～3个生长阶段,每个生长阶段内每次的灌水量相同,只要土壤水势超出预定的范围,就进行灌溉。对于大部分作物,只要每次的灌水量在5mm左右,土壤水势保持在-25～35kPa的范围内,就能获得比较理想的产量。方法二:在冠层顶部放置一个20cm标准蒸发皿,灌溉频率一定,将一个灌水周期内蒸发皿的蒸发量乘以比例系数作为下一个灌水周期的灌水量。对于大部分日光温室和塑料大棚栽培的作物来说,只要将这个比例系数定为1,灌水周期定为每天1次、每2天1次或每3天1次,就能获得比较理想的产量。
Two methods for drip irrigation scheduling for cash crop cultivation in greenhouses and small-scale farmlands are presented in this paper. Method 1 is installing a tensiometer at the depth of 20cm immediately under an emitter. Irrigation starts when soil water potential is out of the desired range while the irrigation quantity per irrigation times is the same during crop growing seasons or the irrigation quantity per irrigation times for every growing stage of crops are the same. For most crops, the desired range of soil water potential is set as -25 to -35kPa and the irrigation quantity is set as 5mm per irrigation times will produce good yields. Method 2 is installing a 20cm standard evaporating dish on the top of crops. When the irrigation frequency is determined, irrigation quantity of next irrigation cycle can be determined to be equal to the value of pen evaporation of this cycle multiple correlation coefficient. For most crop in greenhouses, good yields will be get as long as the coefficient is set to 1,and the irrigation frequency is set as each one day one times, each two days one times or each three days one times.
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2004年第3期11-12,15,共3页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金(40125002)
国家自然科学基金(40071020)。
关键词
滴灌
设施栽培
小块农田
经济作物
灌溉计划制定
drip irrigation
cultivation in green house
small-scale farmlands
cash crops
drip irrigation scheduling
