摘要
氨酰tRNA合成酶是生命进化过程中最早出现的一类蛋白质 ,氨酰tRNA合成酶帮助氨基酸转移到相应的tRNA上 ,进而参与蛋白质的合成保证了生命体的严谨性和多样性 .随着后基因组时代的到来 ,氨酰tRNA合成酶的结构和功能成为新的研究热点 .结构生物学和生物信息学的研究结果表明 ,氨酰tRNA合成酶在真核生物体内以多聚复合物的形式行使功能 ,形成复杂的分子网络体系 .最新的实验证据显示 ,氨酰tRNA合成酶不但是蛋白质合成过程中一类最重要的酶 ,而且参与了转录、翻译水平的调控、RNA剪接、信号传导和免疫应答等众多生命活动 .
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are the oldest enzymes in the evolution. The amino acids are transferred to the cognate tRNAs by the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and then involved in the synthesis of the protein. This process is very important to keep the stability and variety of the lives. With the coming of the post-genome research, one of the main objectives becomes to illustrate the structures and the function of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Based on the data from the structure biology and the bioimformatics, the multi-ARS complex seemed to be the main form in the eukaryote. In addition, mammalian ARSs consist of a sophisticated macromolecular network with the auxiliary proteins or the elongation factors. The recent discoveries show that aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases not only are the most important enzymes to the synthesis of the protein, but also are involved in the diverse cellular processes, such as regulation on the transcription and translation level, RNA splicing and trafficking, apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammation.
出处
《生物化学与生物物理进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期291-295,共5页
Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
