摘要
民国学者刘咸在上个世纪20年代撰文批判进化论,区分了达尔文的生物进化论与斯宾塞的社会进化论,站在文化相对主义立场上指斥社会进化论不能被视作普遍有效无容置疑的科学真理,同时强调了进化不能等同于进步,并提出了"智进德退"的观点。刘咸的文化相对主义主要来源于中国传统道家思想,并吸收了20世纪初传入国内的西方文化人类学观念,反映了现代中国的东西文化之争的深刻影响。
Liu Xian-xin, a scholar in Republican China, criticized Evolutionalism in the 1920' s. He distinguished between Darwin' s biological evolutionalism and Spencer' s social evolutionalism and pointed out that the latter shouldn't be regarded as an unassailable scientific truth. On the other hand, he argued that Evolution wasn' t equal to Progress. He believed that knowledge would progress, but morality would decline. These criticisms expressed a cultural relativism which was rooted in ancient Taoist School, absorbed some ideas of modern western cultural anthropology, and reflected Liu' s profound concern for the controversy of Chinese and Western culture in modern China.
出处
《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第3期139-144,共6页
Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition
关键词
刘咸炘
进化论
文化相对主义
中西文化之争
Liu Xian-xin
evolutionism, cultural relativism
the controversy of Chinese and Western culture
