摘要
目的 研究眼部体外培养细菌对常用氟喹诺酮类药物的敏感性。方法 对 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 12月间北京市眼科研究所微生物室收集的 132 8份眼部标本行体外细菌培养 ,采用纸片扩散法观察体外培养阳性细菌对氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星等药物的敏感性。结果 体外培养阳性细菌共 347株 ,其中革兰阳性球菌 192株 ( 5 5 3 %) ,革兰阴性球菌 16株 ( 4 6 %) ;革兰阳性杆菌 44株( 12 7%) ,革兰阴性杆菌 89株 ( 2 5 7%) ;放线菌 6株 ( 1 7%)。氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的总耐药性分别为 2 8 5 %、2 5 9%和 34 9%。链球菌属对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药性明显低于庆大霉素和妥布霉素 ,诺氟沙星明显低于妥布霉素 ,两者比较差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ;假单胞菌属对环丙沙星耐药性明显低于庆大霉素 ,两者比较差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ,而对氧氟沙星和诺氟沙星的耐药性低于庆大霉素 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。常见葡萄球菌对庆大霉素和妥布霉素的耐药性明显低于诺氟沙星 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ;革兰阳性杆菌对 3种氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性比较 ,差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 多数眼部常见细菌对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的敏感性较高 。
Objective To assess the in vitro resistance of ocular bacterial isolates to fluoroqiunolone that are commonly used in the treatment of ocular infection. Methods Ocular bacterial isolates (n=347) from Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology were tested for their resistance to ofloxacin, ciproloxacin and norfloxacin. In vitro susceptibility testing was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results The total number of ocular bacterial isolates was 347 from January,1999 to December, 2000 including gram-positive cocci 192 (55.3%), gram-negative cocci 16 (4.6%), gram-positive bacilli 44 (12.7%), gram-negative bacilli 89 (25.7%), Nocardia 6 (1.7%). The percentage of resistance in total ocular bacterial isolates to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin was 28.5%, 25.9% and 34.9% respectively. The resistance of streptococcus species to ofloxacin (5.9%) and ciproloxacin (11.8%) was significantly lower than gentamycin (52.9%) and tobramycin (70.6%) (P<0.01), and to norfloxacin (23.5%) was significantly lower than tobramycin (P<0.01). Pseudomonas showed significantly lower resistance to ciprofloxacin (6%) ofloxacin (14.0%) and norfloxacin (14.0%) than gentamycin (42.0%) (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The percentage of resistance in staphycoccus species to norfloxacin (46.8%) was higher than gentamycin (30.8%) and tobramycin (27.6%) (P<0.05 and P<0.01 separately). The resistance of gram-positive bacilli to ofloxacin, ciproloxacin and norfloxacin.was equivalent (P>0.05). Conclusions The fluoroqiunolones, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin have higher overall in vitro efficacy on most of the ocular bacteria than gentamycin and tobramycin, but ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are equivalent to gentamycin and tobramycin in efficacy against staphylococcus species.
出处
《中华眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第3期163-166,共4页
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
关键词
眼部
体外培养
细菌
氟喹诺酮类
药物敏感性
微生物
抗菌谱
Microbial sensitivity tests
Anti-infective agents, fluoroqiunolone
Drug resistance, microbial
