摘要
本文提出的单元网络数学模拟方法,即用大单元块段及管道网络分别代表岩溶区相对均匀的裂隙化区域及非均匀分市的岩溶管道,地下水流动特征按渗流运动规津及管流运动规律分别表达,耦合求解。拟对难以用常规数学方法解决的复杂多重岩溶含水介质及其裂隙流与管道流并存、快速流与慢速流并存、线性流与非线性流并存以及非连续流等特殊水流规律的水文地质特性作定量评价。文中以北山矿迳流排泄区裂隙管道水系统为例,介绍了该方法的基本原理及处理线性流与非线性流并存水流运动规律的方法。
Because of the complex characteristics of karst aquiferious media and the water flow in karst groundwater systems, the method of unit- network mathematic simulation (UNMG) is put forward in this paper. The aquiferious media of karst groundwater systems are composed of holes, fissures, cracks, conduits and caves simultaneously, and their spacial size, shape and combination are complicated and changeable, which determined the coexistence of heterogeneous distribution of conduit flow and comparatively homogeneous distribution of porous and fissured dispersion flow in the same system. It results in both the rapid flow releassed by caves connecting conduits and the slow flow controlled by fissures in the system. The characteristics of accumulating, transporting and releasing the matter and energy of system by rapid flow and slow floxv are different. From the view point of flow regime , during the occurrence of great hydraulic gradient and rapid flow field ,the linear flow and non-linear flow would co-exist in the same system. All these features cause some difficulties to evaluate the hydrogeological properties quantitatively.
The UNMS method can divide the relatively homogeneous fissured areas into large units according to the hydrogeological features, and use network of conduits crossing inner units to represent heterogeneously distributed karst conduits. There are two forms of hydrodynamic relationship between units: the influent flow contact of plan and the conduit flow contact of point. The water flow laws are based on the principles of influent theories (influent flow ) and conduit hydraulics (conduit flow )and coupled them to calculate. The states and changes of linear flow and nonlinear flow, and continuous flow and discontinuous flow are determined by judging factors ( such as gradient etc.). To simplify the computing work, a related matrix has been used to express the hydraulic relationship between units in the mathematical model. The model is based on the law of mass conservation and energy change (embodied ir. the transformation between discharge and water potential energy) and the computing is in the form of apparent formula, realizing the balance of every unit part firstly. In the condition of balance both in the whole system and every unit part, after simulating the hydrogeological characteristics (water level, discharge etc.), the parameters of homogeneous area (such as coefficient of transmissibility and coefficient of storage etc..) would be got, ami the structure and the parameter of passage of water of karst conduits would be found. The UNMS method can quantitatively evaluate the complex features of multi-aquiferous karst media and peculiar characteristics produced by the coexisting of dispersion flow and conduit flow, rapid flow and slov, flow, linear flow and non-linear flow, continuous flow and discontinuous flow etc. Which are difficult to be solved by common mathematical method.
The paper analyzed the characteristics of aquiferious media and water flow in karst groundwater systems. After summarized the present research situation and the problems extremely anxious to be solved in the study field, the paper introduced the peculiarities and significances of the UNMS method. Lastly, by taking runoff and discharge region of fissured- conduit karst groundwater system of Beishan Mine as an example, the authors depicted the basic principle of the UNMS method and the way of treating the water flow laws of coexisting linear flow and non-linear flow in establishing and performing the mathematic model.
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第4期267-278,共12页
Carsologica Sinica
关键词
岩溶
地下水
单元网络
数学模拟
Unit-network
Mathematic simulation
Linear flow
Non-linear flow
