摘要
在日本北海道十胜地区是红小豆生产基地,栽培历史已有100多年。本研究就是对红小豆新旧品种产量和产量构成因素的改良进行阐述和分析。试验2000年和2001年在带广蓄产大学试验场进行。选择10个有代表性的品种,最老的品种是Maruha(1905),最新的品种是Hokuto dainagon(1996).试验采取裂区法,3次重复。施肥和密度分别设3个水平。在花期和收获期调查生育性状以及产量和产量构成因素。实验结果:(1)试验年的气候条件差异非常大,2000年为丰年,2001年为欠年。(2)晚熟品种Maruha在丰年产量非常高,但在欠年产量非常低,表现不稳定。所以在和新品种进行产量对比时,用旧品种Chgarawase(3120kg/hm2),新品种Erimoshozu(4390kg/hm2),Kitano otome(4050kg/hm2)andHokuto dainagon(4750kg/hm2)分别增加41%,30%和52%。(3)单株荚数与籽实产量有密切相关,但荚粒数和百粒重与籽实产量相关性低。与旧品种Chagarawase(单株荚数23)比较,新品种Erimoshouzu(29),Kitano otome(28)andHokuto dainagon(26),分别增加26%,22%和13%。(4)方差分析结果,品种之间,熟期之间,密度之间,产量和产量构成因素差异达到显著或极显著水平,但施肥水平之间,产量和产量构成因素差异没有达到显著水平。
In Japan, adzuki bean has been produced mainly in Hokkaido particulary in Tokachi district over one hundred years. This research was conducted to clarify the production property improvement of old and new cultivars in yield and yield components in adzuki bean.Experiments were carried out at the experiment field of Obihiro university in 2000 and 2001. Ten cultivars which were chosen from Hokkaido leading cultivars from 1905 to 1996 were used. The oldest cultivars is Maruha(1905) and the latest cultivars is Hokuto-dainagon(1996). Experiments were conducted in a split plot design with three replications. Nitrogen fertilizer was set at three levels and planting density was set at three levels. At flowering and harvest time, characteristics of growth, yield and yield components were investigated. Following results were obtained. (1) The weather of both years was extreme. 2000 was a bumper harvest year and 2001 was a poor harvest year. (2) Because of late maturity, the yield of Maruha in bumper harvest year was very high, but extremely reduced in poor harvest year. So comparing the yield of new cultivars with the old cultivars Chagarawase(3 120 kg/ha) except Maruha, the yield of Erimoshozu(4 390 kg/ha), Kitano-otome(4 050 kg/ha) amd Hokuto-dainagon(4 750 kg/ha) increased by 41%, 30% and 52% respectively. (3) The number of pods per plant had high relationship with seed yield, but the number of seeds perpod and seed weight had very low relation with seed yield. Comparing with old cultivars Chagarawase(number of pods per plant was 23 pods), new cultivars Erimoshozu(29 pods), Kitano-otome(28 pods) and Hokuto-dainagon(26 pods) increased the number of pods per plant by 26%,22% and 13%, respectively. (4) From the results of analysis of variance, significant differences of yield and yield components were recognized among cultivars, between maturing time and among planting densities. But there were no significant differences in yield and yield components between nitrogen fertilizers.
出处
《杂粮作物》
CAS
2004年第2期97-100,共4页
Rain Fed Crops
关键词
红小豆
新旧品种
产量
产量构成因素
adzuki bean
old and new cultivars
yield
yield components
