摘要
高致病性禽流感是由高致病性禽流感病毒所引起的禽类烈性传染病,发病急,传播快,致死率高,对养殖业可造成致命性的打击。在1997年香港禽流感事件中,H5亚型高致病性禽流感病毒因其首次突破了种间障碍,引起了全世界的震惊。虽然该事件无法与以往的人流感的大流行或禽流感的大暴发相比,但却拉开了禽流感病毒直接感染人并致人死亡的序幕。不幸的是,H5亚型高致病性禽流感自2003年12月在韩国首次暴发以来,目前已遍及亚洲十余个国家及地区,并在越南和泰国发生了人类感染并致死亡的事件。我国自2004年1月27日在广西报道高致病性禽流感以来,至今已在十余个省市陆续发生,形势非常严峻。因此,对禽流感病毒的种间传播及致病机制、流感病毒的分子变异机理、新型流感病毒的预测、禽流感病毒的快速诊断及人用疫苗的研制等方面开展系统、深入的研究迫在眉睫,为从根本上控制和防治禽流感提供理论依据和技术支撑。本文同时叙述了人感染H5亚型高致病性禽流感的临床发病情况和日常预防措施。
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), having the characteristics of acute outbreak, quick spread and high mortality, is a kind of avian devastating disease caused by HPAI virus ( HPAIV), resulting in fatal strike to the breeding industry. During the outbreak of avian influenza in Hong Kong in 1997, the world was shocked by the fact that H5 subtype influenza virus directly infected human beings by crossing the barrier of species, not by the classical way of reassortment in swine. Although this event can not be matched with previous human or avian pandemics, it is indeed as a prelude to the catastrophe that avian influenza virus could directly infect human beings and cause death. Unfortunately, H5N1 subtype influenza now has pervaded throughout Asian countries since it first outbroke in South Korea on December 2003 . Further more, human beings were infected with avian influenza virus in Viet Nam and Thailand, respectively. Since it was first reported in Guangxi district in our country on January 27th 2004, HPAI have spread more than ten provinces. Because human beings are immunologically naive for H5 influenza virus and the widely spreading of H5 virus in avian, it is possible that pandemics maybe occur in human beings. In order to prevent and control avian influenza, it is stressful to study the mechanism of interspecies transmission and molecular mutagenesis, nosogenesis, forecast of new subtype influenza virus, prompt diagnosis of avian influenza virus, and develop of vaccine for humans.
出处
《中国科学基金》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期94-96,共3页
Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China
关键词
高致病性禽流感
H5
N1亚型流感病毒
种间传播
人类
流行病学
H5N1subtype avian influenza virus, highly pathogenic avian influenza, interspecies transmission, outbreak
