摘要
普通大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.2n=2x=14)品种与球茎大麦(H.bulbosum L.2n=2x=14)的杂交结实率受双亲基因型影响.供试1个大麦品种与球茎大麦的杂交结实率变异在40.4～100.0％之间,9个品种间F_1与球茎大麦的杂交结实率变异在55.5～94.5％之间.供试球茎大麦品系中,Hb05/1和Hb03/7与普通大麦的结实率最高,达95.5％以上,Hb06/9的结实率最低,只有54.8％.环境条件对结实率的影响也很大,气温20～27℃时杂交,结实率较高,但不同品种有不同反应;营养不良能导致幼胚发育中途停止,40ppm 2,4-D+75ppm GA_3混合激素处理比GA_3单一处理明显提高结实率.因此,筛选优良的球茎大麦基因型,创造和选择适宜的环境条件,授粉后喷施混合激素能使杂交结实率大为提高.
Setting percentages of cross between Hordeum vulgare L. (2x) × H. bulbosum L. (2x) were affected by parental genotype. The setting percentage of 7 barley varieties × H. bulbosum varied from 40. 4% to 100.0% .that of 9 F1 hybrids among barley varieties ×H. bulbosum from 55. 5% to 94. 5%. Among 6 bulbosum lines used in this study, line Hb05/1 and Hbo3/7 had the highest setting percentage when crossed with barley, being 97. 3% and 95. 5%,Hb06/9 the lowest,only 54. 8%. Environmental coinditions also affected the setting percentage greatly. When air temperature was 20-27 ℃ ,the setting percentage was higher, but response of varieties to environment was greatly different. A bad supply of nutrition for embryo development would stop it. Treating florets with mixed hormone of 40 ppm 2. 4-D and 75 ppm GA3 could increase the setting percentage greater than with GA3 alone. Therefore, selecting good bulbosum genotype, creating a suitable environment and treating florets with mixed hormone of 2. 4-D and GA3 after pollination would greatly increase the setting percentage.
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
普通大麦
球茎大麦
可交配性
大麦
Hordeum vulgare L.
H.bulbosum L.
Bulbosum technique
haploidv crossability
