摘要
用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究了Cd2 + 单因子以及与表面活性剂、模拟酸雨复合污染时对植物细胞的毒性作用 .结果表明 ,Cd2 + 浓度在 0～ 10 .0mg·L-1范围内 ,对蚕豆胚根细胞微核的形成有强烈的诱导作用 ,Cd2 + 浓度 6 .0mg·L-1时的细胞微核率为 13.85‰ ,对照组的微核率为 4 .5 3‰ ,此时污染影响指数 (PI)为 3.0 6 ;当环境中存在表面活性剂LAS 1.0mg·L-1或pH值降到 4 .5和 3.5时 ,同一Cd2 + 浓度下 ,蚕豆根尖细胞微核率、PI降低 ,同时伴有核变形 ,细胞中颗粒物增多 ,胚根组织不容易分散等症状 ,根的生长受到抑制 ,说明表面活性剂、酸雨对Cd2 + 的毒性有协同作用 .pH 3.5的酸雨环境中Cd2 + 对蚕豆细胞的损伤程度比 pH 4 .5酸雨环境高 .在检测高浓度、强毒性污染物的致突变效应时 ,应作至少 3个稀释倍数 ,找出蚕豆根尖细胞最高微核率及PI .
The toxicity of Cd 2+and its combination with surfactant or simulated acid rain to Vicia faba root tip cell was studied by using micro-nucleus technique. The results showed that the formation of micro-nucleus in Vicia faba root tip cell was strongly induced by Cd 2+ in its concentration of 0～10.0 mg·L -1. The micro-nucleus rate was 13.85‰ at 6.0 mg·L -1Cd 2+,4.53‰ at 0 mg·L -1 Cd 2+,and the pollution index (PI) was 3.06. The micro-nucleus ratio and PI decreased when the accompanied surfactant LAS was also presented or the pH values decreased to 4.5 or 3.5. In the meantime,many deformed nuclei and grains were observed in the root tip cells. The growth of the Vicia faba roots was restrained, and the root cells were not easy to be scattered. Therefore,the toxicity of Cd 2+ was increased by its combination with surfactant or acid rain. The Cd 2+ toxicity to Vicia faba cells at pH3.5 was stronger than that at pH4.5. When the mutation effect of contaminant with high concentration or with strong toxicity to plant cell was tested, the contaminant should be diluted for at least three times,and hence, the highest micro-nucleus ratio and pollution index (PI) could be found.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第3期493-496,共4页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家教育部科学技术研究重点项目 ( 2 0 0 0 15 6 0 0 2 0 9)
国家科技部中法先进研究计划资助项目 (PRAE 0 0 0 4)
