摘要
为了解高效栽培雷竹Phyllostachyspraecox林竹笋硝酸盐含量现状,探讨施肥和竹笋硝酸盐含量关系,采集了浙江省雷竹主产区70个样点的竹笋样品,布置了肥料试验。研究结果表明:雷竹笋硝酸盐含量为(745 24±358 11)mg·kg-1,变异系数为48 05%,70个样点中有48个样点竹笋硝酸盐含量超过WHO/FAO卫生标准,以竹笋煮、炒煮后硝酸盐含量下降70%计,有11 43%的雷竹笋属于严重污染。肥料试验表明,随着全年施肥量的增加,雷竹笋硝酸盐含量明显增加。有机无机肥混合施用可显著减少竹笋硝酸盐积累,综合产量和硝酸盐含量,以年施肥量为尿素487 5kg·hm-2,复合肥750 0kg·hm-2和猪栏肥56 25t·hm-2的处理较为理想。冬季覆盖增加了雷竹笋硝酸盐含量,试验的6个处理中未覆盖竹林竹笋硝酸盐含量平均比覆盖竹林低33 48%。
.Phyllostachys praecox which can produce delicious bamboo shoots have been planted in large scope.The practice of surplus fertilizing and winter mulching has been carried out in the near decade to get earlier bamboo shoots and then a high economic profit.A field investigation was undertaken to nuderstand the nitrate pollution situation of bamboo shoots in Ph.praecox cropping area,a fertilizer trial with 6 treatmentslevels:598,897,1 196 kg·hm^(-2)(N) and different allocation of 4 kinds of fertilizer:urea,compound fertilizer,pig manure, was conducted to examine the effects of large amount of nitrogen fertilizing on nitrate pollution in bamboo shoots.It was found that nitrate concentration in bamboo shoots of investigated plots was on average of 745.24±358.11 mg·kg^(-1)with a variation coefficient 48.05%(n=70),among the 70 samples,nitrate concentration of 48 samples exceed the WHO/FAO standard.There are still 11.43% bamboo shoots contain more nitrate than standard after the bamboo shoots being cooked.The results from the trial informed us that nitrate concentration in bamboo shoots boosted with rate of fertilizer.The mixture of chemical and organic fertilizer could significantly reduced nitrate concentration compared on the base of the same level of nitrogen.Considering the factors of both bamboo yield and nitrate pollution,the treatment with urea 487.5 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1),compound fertilizer 750.0 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)and pig manure 56.25 t·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)was an ideal rate of fertilizer.The practice of winter mulching enhanced nitrate concentration by 33.48% compared to non-mulching plots according to the mean value of 6 treatments.
出处
《浙江林学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第1期10-14,共5页
Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College
基金
浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(300209)
关键词
蔬菜园艺
雷竹
竹笋
硝酸盐
施肥
.vegetables gardening
Phyllostachys praecox
bamboo shoot
nitrate
fertilizing
