摘要
为探索能定量监测中国西北旱作农区旱灾对小麦造成产量损失的方法,以宁夏南部山区为例,计算了1961～2000年参考作物蒸散量,利用FAO提供的小麦KC值和历年小麦生育期资料,模拟了历年逐旬小麦需水量。通过土壤水分平衡方程各分量的订正,求算了历年小麦生长期间的实际耗水量和水分满足率,运用期望产量和作物水分生产函数建立了小麦单产的干旱灾损监测与损失评估模型,效果良好,可以满足监测与灾损评估需要。该方法适用于中国西北旱作小麦的干旱监测与灾损评估。
A method of monitoring and estimating the yield loss of wheat by drought suitable for dry farming areas innorthwest of China, with the mountainous areas in south Ningxia as an example, was developed . In this paper, the daily ET0 andETC using KC and FAO-PM from 1961 to 2000 were calculated, and the wheat evapotranspiration in every 10 days was estimatedby soil water balance equation. The real water consumption, as well as the degree of the water consumption and requirements ofwheat during the growing season were established using soil water balance equation by means of correcting leakage of soil waterand flow of precipitation every year. Based on this work, a loss estimation method on monitoring drought and estimating yieldloss of wheat was established using functions of crop growth water and max limit of yield. The result shows that the effects issatisfied, is suitable for monitoring drought and estimating yield loss of wheat on mountainous areas in south of Ningxia. Thismethod is also suitable for monitoring drought and estimating yield loss of wheat in dry farming areas in northwest of China.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第2期201-207,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
宁夏科技厅1998~2000年资助项目(2003006)
