摘要
系统介绍了目前出现的一些新型型合成纤维(海岛型超细纤维、PLA、PTT和聚氨酯纤维)、新型天然和再生纤维(竹纤维、Lyocell、Carbacell、大豆蛋白和蚕蛹蛋白纤维),以及转基因纤维(蜘蛛丝)的结构和染色性能,新纤维的发展,要求染色技术有相应的发展超细纤维比表面积大,染色起始温度低,匀染性和色牢度较差,对染料的各项应用性能要求较高。新型天然和再生纤维染色的主要染料为活性、酸性和直接染料,并需要相应的助剂和与之相适应的染色工艺。多种纤维混纺、交织复合制成纺织品是发展趋势。
The structures and dyeing properties of new synthetic fibers (Sea-island type super fine, PLA, PTT, and polyurethane fibers), new natural and regenerated fibers (bamboo, lyocell, soybean protein and chrysalis protein fibers) and genetic fibers (spider silk) are discussed. The development of new fibers has led to the development of corresponding dyeing technologies. Superfine fibers have a large specific surface area, must be dyed at a low initial dyeing temperature, and exhibit poor leveling and color fastnesses, and require dyes with better application properties. The best dyes for new natural fibers and regenerated fibers are reactive dyes, acid dyes and direct dyes, which also require compatible dyeing auxiliaries and processes. With the trend in textiles likely to be development of contextures and composition products made from various fiber blends, research and development of dyes and their corresponding dyeing processes for these textiles will probably be emphasized in the near future.
出处
《染料与染色》
CAS
2004年第1期25-29,共5页
Dyestuffs and Coloration
关键词
合成纤维
再生纤维
染色
染料
synthetic fibers
regenerated fibers
dyeing auxiliaries
dyes
dyeing
