摘要
研究了光照强度和周期,水流速度,养殖密度对史氏鲟摄食、生长和行为的影响。光照周期在一定的照度和时间范围内对史氏鲟稚鱼的摄食和生长没有显著影响。水流和养殖密度对史氏鲟的生长有着显著的影响。高水流速度和低养殖密度对史氏鲟的生长有着积极的影响,生长效率、特定生长率和日增重都随流速的增大和养殖密度的降低而增大,条件系数随密度的增大而减小,而净增重随密度的增大而增大,各密度组的史氏鲟稚鱼的生长离散没有加剧。在流速为0.06m·s^(-1)和0.18m·s^(-1)范围内,稚鱼的生长效率(GE)与流速(V)之间存在着显著的正相关关系,其关系式为GE=46.106+142.04V(r=0.5216)。特定生长率(SGR)与养殖密度(SD)之间存在着显著的负相关,其关系式为SGR=4.9728-0.4914SD(r=-0.6553)。3种环境因子对稚鱼的食欲未有明显影响,但饵料转化率会随养殖密度的增大和流速的降低而显著性增大。史氏鲟稚鱼在照度100～1100lx之间的趋光率为49.55％,无显著的趋光性;当亮区照度在13000lx以上,椎鱼100％避光。处于全黑条件下的稚鱼的体色却普遍变浅,呈灰白色;而另两种光周期条件下的稚鱼体色深黑,全光照条件下的稚鱼体色与自然光周期下的一样。在试验流速范围内,水流刺激还将影响稚鱼的某些行为,在流水环境中稚鱼喜聚集和逆水游?
This paper investigated the etlects of photoperiod and light intensity, water current and stocking density on feeding, behavior and growth in juveniles Amur sturgeon, Acipenser schrenckii. Sturgeon in each experimental treatment grew in allometry. There were no significant differences between the initial and final SV of the treatments. The growth performances were significantly affected by water current and stocking density. Lower density and higher water velocity had positive influences on growth performances. The growth efficiency (GE), specific growth rate (SGR) and daily weight gain (DWG) significantly increased with the decrease of stocking density, and with the increase of water velocity. But condition factor decreased with the increase of density, whereas net yield (NY) was increasing with the increase the stocking densities. There was a significant inverse linear relation between stocking density (SD) and special growth rate (SGR) [SGR=4.9728-0.4914×SD(r=-0.6553)]. And there was a significant positive linear relation between growth efficiency (GE) and water velocity (V) [GE=46.106+142.04V(r=0.5216)]. However, photoperiod didn't show significant effect on growth performances within the experimental illumination. Juveniles' body blanched in all dark condition, while the body color in both all light and natural photoperiod was the same as natural. These environmental factors didn't cause sturgeon's appetite depression. The feeding rate remained at the level of 5% body weight. But water current and Stocking density had significant impacts on feed conversion ratio (FCR). This study demonstrated that there was no significant difference in illumination perference of juvenile Amur sturgeon when illumination ranged from 100 lx to 1 100 lx. However, juveniles were strongly photonegative when illumination was over 13 000 lx. Moreover, there are some relationships between water current and swimming behavior of juveniles. Under the moving water environment, fish usually, congregate and swim in positive rheotaxis.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第1期54-61,共8页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金(39870126)
国家"十五"重点科技攻关计划(2001BA50580511)
中国水产科学研究院基金(96-01-04)
关键词
光照
水流
养殖密度
史氏鲟
稚鱼
摄食
行为
生长
Acipenser schrenckii
photoperiod
water velocity
stocking density
feeding
behavior
growth
