摘要
邻近青藏高原东南边缘,夹持于红河断裂与小江断裂之间的滇中地区,是一个在新生代上下地壳间近水平的拆离带,自北向南滑移的陆壳地块。区内形形色色的构造变形是印度板块与欧亚板块在西藏陆壳碰撞所致。四条近于平行的南北向左旋走滑断裂将滇中陆壳地块分割成若干长条形的次级块体。南北向走滑断裂具有“转换断层”的作用,它将一组会聚带缩短转换到另一组。东西向和北东向断裂以逆掩和逆冲为特征,并伴有紧密线状褶皱,形成会聚带,使陆壳缩短。地块南段的几条北西向走滑断裂,属红河断裂体系,可能是地块南部边界的先存断裂,早期(可能为上新世)为左旋,从而引起向南滑移块体的拖曳式顺时针旋转,晚期(可能为更新世)为右旋,导致向南滑移块体沿南北向及北西向之间的弧形带形成逆冲会聚,并造成当今弧形山链的地貌。现有资料说明,滇中地块变形主要发生在晚新生代,主要断裂至今仍在活动,是具有强烈地震的活动断裂带。走滑(转换)、逆冲(会聚)和块体的适当旋转是滇中地块的主要构造组合和变形模式;它我之间的几何关系表明变形属于中下地壳拆离带之上的壳内滑脱构造。正是这种构造组合关系调整和吸收了从西藏碰撞带中挤出的陆壳块体向东南的巨大位移。
The Central Yunnan region, adjacent to southeastern margin of the Qin-ghai-Tibet plateau and sandwiched between the Honghe and Xiaojiang frac-tures, is a slide continental block from north to south along the near-hori-zontal detached belt between the upper and lower crusts in Cenozoic. The colli-sion of Indian with Eurasia plates at the Tibet continental crust resulted in diversity structure deformations. The strike-slip(transfer), thrust(convergence) and block rotation are the main formed model in this region. The geometric relations among them indicate that these deformations all belong to the intracrust detachment structures. It is the structural composite relations that adjusted and absorbed the numerous southeastward displacement of continental mass extruded from the Tibet collision zone.
出处
《云南地质》
1992年第3期238-249,共12页
Yunnan Geology
