摘要
通过实验对锯缘青蟹Z5、M、C1～C4仔蟹在不同温度、盐度及干露时间的条件下 ,观察变态及存活率的差异。结果表明 :1.温度改变对Z5变态率有影响 ,30～ 2 6℃温度突变其变态率为 5 3% ,30～ 2 8～ 2 5℃温度渐变变态率为 6 0 % ,对照组 (30℃ )为 5 7% ;温度改变对M的变态存活率和变态时间间隔无影响 ,但C1变态为C2 的时间间隔比对照组延长 2 4～ 4 8h。 2 .盐度改变对青蟹Z5及C1～C4仔蟹存活和变态的影响不同 ,在直接由盐度 33移至 2 8、2 1、15、8的不同条件下 ,Z5和M的盐度忍耐下限分别为 2 1和 15 ;C1～C4仔蟹在以上的盐度变化条件下均能成活、变态 ,但C4仔蟹在 2 8、33高盐度下部分个体蜕壳不遂或蜕壳后死亡。 3.蟹苗及仔蟹耐干露能力随着个体长大而增强 ;同规格蟹苗在干露 6～ 18h条件下 ,变态时间间隔随着干露时间的增加延长 2 4～ 4 8h ;M在潮湿海绵和不透风的条件下放置 12h ,可正常变态 ,离开海绵则在 6h内全部死亡 ;但C1～C4仔蟹即便离开海绵 18h 。
This paper discussed the effect of different temperature, salinity and time in open air on metamorphosis and survival rate of Z 5, M and C 1-C 4 of mud crab Scylla serrata Forskl under the conditions of experiment. The results were as follows: 1. The temperature had a certain effect on the metamorphosis rate at Z 5 stage, of which molting rate was 53% caused by sudden change at temperature at range of 30℃-26℃ and the molting rate was 60% with gradual change of temperture at 30℃,28℃ and 25℃ whlist that of control group(30℃) 57%. The change of temperature had no effect on metamorphosis survival rate of M and time interval, but time intervals at metamorphoses of C 1 to C 2 delayed for 24h-48h as compared with that of control group (30℃). 2. The changes of salinity had different effects on survival and metamorphoses of Z 5 and C 1-C 4 from 33ppt to 28ppt, 21ppt, 15ppt and 8ppt. The lower limits of tolerant salinity for Z 5 and M were 21ppt and 15ppt,respectively. Crablets (C 1-C 4) could survive and metamorphose at the above salinitly designed by the experiment. However,part of C 4 could not molt and die after molting. 3. Crablets could improve ability to survival in open air with growing. The same size of crablets could survive 6h-18h in open air and interval at metamorphosis delay 24h-48h with the increase of time in open air; M could survive 12h in the foam box with dank sponge and molt normally, but die within 6h after leaving the dank sponge. Crablets (C 1-C 4) could survive and molt even if they left the bank sponge for 18h.
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
2004年第1期40-43,共4页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家科技部科研院所研究开发专项资金项目
中国水产科学研究院重点基金项目 (1999- 0 1)
关键词
锯缘青蟹
幼体
仔蟹
温度
盐度
成活率
Mud crab
post-larva
crablet
temperature
salinity
survival rate
