摘要
新石器时期以来,太湖地区的水灾发生机制和表现形式严格受控于海、地、气系统的能量均衡和转换过程,具有明显的阶段性特征,遵循由海洋优势性向海面控制基准下陆源洪水的演变过程。愈接近现代,成灾和干扰因素愈趋复杂,逐渐呈现出水灾与环境相互反馈使水灾加深(岗身体系形成并完善,太湖形成并扩张以来),以及人类活动、水灾与环境三者间相互反馈使水灾频度加大等趋势(尤其自南宋以来)。提出了相对高海面的水灾控制基面效应和太湖水灾扩张效应等观点。
Environment and the course of environmental changes are the background of regional nature disaster, which usually reflects special characteristics under different background. Among all kinds of natural disasters, inundation has the properties that most frequently, extensively, closely and characteristically respond to the environment background, specially in the river flat and delta flood plain. The paper mainly investigates the interrelationship between inundation evolution and environment changes in the Taihu Lake region, for three stages which are Neolithic archaeology age, antiquity-history age and the history age since Nansong dynasty respectively. The results of research confirm that the mechanism and form of the inundation in the region are mainly under the control of the energy balance and transition among sea, atmosphere and land, which reflect the different characteristics corresponding the different stages. Inundation evolution follows the course from sea dominant position to land dominant position, and finally land dominant position of inundation occupys the master control. During Neolithic archaeology age and antiquity-history age, the control datum effects of inundation in the relative higher sea level are very notable, and during the history age, the control datum effects of inundation in the relative higher sea level are weakened constantly, and meantime the Taihu Lake extending effects of inundation strengthens correspondingly. The more near present, the more complicated are the causes of inundation, which appears the interactions of inundation and environment to make the inundation more intensive since the formation and development of gangshen systems and the formation and extension of Taihu Lake, which reflects the interactions (among) man-made impacts, inundation and environment to make inundation more frequent and intensive since Nansong dynasty especially. By research, some points can be offered, such as the control datum effects of inundation in the relative higher sea level and the Taihu Lake extending effects of inundation, to improve and help the study of regional nature disaster especially in the river flat and delta flood plain.
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第1期32-37,共6页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40071083)
关键词
水灾演变
环境变迁
能量均衡
能量转换
太湖流域
Taihu Lake region
flood evolution
environmental change
correlation analysis
extending effects of inundation
