摘要
基于空间尺度的黄河调水调沙理论是:利用小浪底水库不同泄水孔洞组合塑造一定历时和大小的流量、含沙量及泥沙颗粒级配过程,加载于小浪底水库下游伊洛河、沁河的"清水"之上,并使其在花园口站准确对接,形成花园口站协调的水沙关系,实现既排出小浪底水库淤积泥沙,又使黄河下游河道不淤积的目标。2003年9月6～18日,黄河水利委员会为验证该理论开展了原型试验。试验结果表明:①利用异重流排沙和浑水水库排沙的特点,达到了小浪底水库拦沙初期"拦粗排细"、减缓库区淤积的目的;②利用小浪底—花园口区间的洪水资源,将小浪底水库排出的细泥沙输送入海,并且不增加下游河道淤积,提高了水流的输沙效率;③实现了下游河道减淤与减灾的统一;④小浪底水库存蓄了6.02亿m3水量,为引黄济津和翌年农田灌溉储备了水源。
The theory of spatial scale based Yellow River water and sediment regulation is to use the combination of different sluicing tunnels and openings of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir to create discharge and sediment concentration with a certain duration and volume and particle gradation process of sediment, load to “the clear water” of the Yiluohe River and Qinhe River located on the downstream of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, accurately link up that at Huayuankou Hydrometric Station, form balanced relationship between water and sediment at Huayuankou Station and realize the objectives of not only releasing the silted sediment in the reservoir, but also avoiding deposition in the lower channel of the Yellow River. During the period of September 6～18, 2003, Yellow River Conservancy Commission conducted prototype tests on the theory. The results shown that a) it has reached the goal of retaining coarse sand and releasing the fine and slowing down reservoir siltation at early stage of sediment retaining function of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir by utilizing the characteristic of sediment release by density flow and reservoir muddy water;b) to wash the released fine sand from the reservoir into the sea without increased deposition in the lower river channel by utilizing flood resources of Xiaolangdi-Huayuankou reach, increasing the sediment delivery efficiency; c) to realize the integration of sediment reduction and hazards reduction of the lower reaches; d) to store water source for water diversion from the Yellow River to Tianjin Municipality and farmland irrigation in the next year by storing 602 million m 3 of water in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2004年第2期1-4,共4页
Yellow River
关键词
黄河
调水调沙
颗粒级配
小浪底水库
泄水孔
泥沙淤积
the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, Luhun Reservoir, Guxian Reservoir, Sanmenxia Reservoir, joint water and sediment regulation by a group of reservoirs, water and sediment regulation, relationship between water and sediment, the Yellow River
