摘要
苏美尔史诗《吉勒旮美什和阿旮》由于行文过于简洁及古苏美尔楔形文字晦涩难懂,50年来,国际亚述学界无人能令人信服地解释乌鲁克王吉勒旮美什在基什城的使节要求他臣服后而对长老和壮丁们说的有关水池和井的关键词句,因而我们无法理解基什要求乌鲁克臣服的理由以及两大城邦战争的目的。作者对这一段话中的最关键的苏美尔语动词形式til-til-le-dam做了仔细地推敲后,认为在这里只有til的不及物动词含义"(水池)枯竭"作谓语才是合乎逻辑的正确分析。美国学者克睿默推测它为"完成(水池)"的动词不定式是不合乎语意和语法的。根据这一新的分析,作者把这段话新译为"(使节说:)'(如果不是基什,你们的)一个水池将要枯竭,(你们)国土中所有的水池都要枯竭了,国土中所有的(用)水罐(取水)的水池都要枯竭了,所有的以绳索提(水)的深池都要枯竭了。(因此,你要向基什进贡。)'"由此,两大城邦争霸的缘由被全新地理解为上游的基什大邦控制了苏美尔的经济命脉———幼发拉底河的水利资源而要求下游的乌鲁克臣服。
The dialogue between Gilgamesh, the king of Uruk, and the elders and young men of Uruk after the envoys of Kish came is the key to understanding the Sumerian Epic Gilgamesh and Agga. S. Kramer was not sure of the meaning of til-til-le-dam and guessed that it means 'to complete (pools)', which is difficult to be understood. The author newly translates til-til-le-dam to' will be exhausted' and suggests the reason for Kish's demanding the submission of Uruk is that because Kish on the Euphrates upper Uruk controlled the river water flowing to Uruk.
出处
《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第5期5-10,共6页
Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)
