摘要
梅花山地处中亚热带地区,基带土壤为红壤,从下而上依次分布着红壤,黄红壤和黄壤。此外,在一些千米以上的山间谷地,尚有零星的山地草甸土和沼泽土分布。各类土壤的性质均表现有一定的地带性特征。随着土壤类型的垂直地带性变化,其性质也表现较明显的地理分异规律。
This paper focuses on the genetic characteristics and vertical distribution of soils of Meihua Mountain.Situated in the southwestern part of Fujian Province, Meihua Mountain falls into mid-subtropical zone. The basic belt of soil is red earth. The soil sequence from the mountain foot upwards is in an order of red earth, yellow-red earth and yellow earth. Besides, scattered mountain meadow soil and bog soil can be also found in the valleys over 1000 metres above sea level.The main physical and chemical properties of various soils reflect the zonal characteristics. With the change of vertical zonality of soil types, their properties are also evident in the regularities of geographic differentiation as follows:From the red earth, yellow-red earth to yellow earth, the organic matter and total N, HA/FA, C/N, cation exchange capacity and exchange acidity gradually increase, but the base saturation percentage and pH value of the soil gradually decrease.From the red earth, yellow-red earth to yellow earth, the content of clay gradually decreases, but the content of silt gradually increases, and therefore the value of silt/clay gradually increases.The X-ray diffraction pattern of the clay fraction shows that in the composition of clay fraction, the kaolinite, gibbsite and vermiculite are dominant in the yellow earth, the kaolinite is dominant and gibbsite and vermiculite come second in the yellow-red earth, and the kaolinite is dominant with little amount of gibbsite and goethite in the red earth. It is also proved by the quantitative calculation of the composition of clay fraction that with the increase of altitude, the content of koalinite show a tendency of gradual decrease, but the contents of vermiculite, montmorillonite, gipbsite, etc. show a tendency of increase. From the red earth, yellow-red earth to yellow earth, the content of free iron and the freedom of iron gradually decrease, but the activity of iron gradually increases in soils.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第4期427-436,共10页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
关键词
土壤
垂直分布
福建
地理分异规律
Red earth, Yellow-red earth, Yellow earth, Mid-subtropical zone, Vertical zonality, Regularities of geographic differentiation
