摘要
目的 了解严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)患者的临床特点及心理问题 ,探讨药物和心理干预治疗的作用和体会。方法 分析 5 1例SARS患者的临床和心理问卷资料 ,介绍药物治疗和心理干预的方法。结果 5 1例中男性 2 9例 ,女性 2 2例 ,平均年龄 (33 2± 8 0 )岁。临床表现发热 96 1% ,肌肉酸痛、乏力 80 4 % ,咳嗽 5 6 9% ,胸闷、气短 2 5 5 % ,头晕、头痛 2 7 5 % ,腹泻 3 9%。心理问卷结果 :存在抑郁、焦虑者 90 2 % ,失眠 5 1 2 % ,躯体化症状 31 7% ,绝望感 34 1% ,激越 6 5 9% ,出院后自卑感 6 1 0 %。应用抗病毒药物者 84 0 % ,为利巴韦林 0 4～ 1 2g/d ,疗程 7～ 14d ;抗生素者 70 0 % ,主要为阿齐霉素、左氧氟沙星等 ;应用激素者 5 7 0 % ,为甲基强地松龙 4 0～32 0mg/d ,疗程 3～ 15d ;心理干预包括 :支持性心理治疗、认知治疗、辅助用药、暗示疗法 ,电话谈心治疗等。 5 1例患者全部治愈或好转出院。结论 对SARS患者 ,恰当的综合药物治疗 ,可收到良好的效果。其中合理的应用糖皮质激素更为重要 。
Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and psychological problems of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome,and to study the effects of drug therapy and psychological intervention.Methods To analysis clinical characteristics and psychological qustioniare results.Results Fifty-one patients (male twenty-nine,female twenty-two,age range 15～68,average age (33 2±8)were analysed.Clinical symptoms were fever(96 1%),muscle pain and fatige(80 4%),cough 56 9%,chest distress and short breath(25 5%),dizziness and headeache(27 5%),diarrhea(3 9%).Psychological questionare results were depression and anxiety(90 2%),sleepless (51 2%),anorexia (31 7%),despair of disease (34 1%),restlessness (65 9%),fear unjustified attitude of other people after discharge (61 0%).Anti-viral drugs were used in 84.0% of the patients (ribavirin 0 4～1 2gram/day,clinical course 7～15 days).Antibiotics were used in 70 0% of the patients,mainly azithromycin and levofloxacin.Glucocortical steroid was used in 57 0% of the patients,mainly methylprednisolone 40～320 microgram per day with clinical course 3～15 days.Psychological intervention include such therapies as supporting,recognition,drug-assiting, suggestion, telephone talking etc.all of the patients were cured and discharged.Conclusion Comprehensive drug-therapy,especially glucocortical steroid was effective,psychological intervention was an important assisted therapy
出处
《中国实用内科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第12期725-727,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine
关键词
药物
心理干预治疗
SARS
非典型肺炎
Severe acute respiratory syndrome Pneumonia Infectivity Drug therapy Psychological intervention
