摘要
目的 研究环孢素A(CyA)治疗儿童不同病理类型肾病综合征的临床疗效及意义。方法 83例肾病综合征患儿入院后逐渐减用激素 ,给予口服CyA ,剂量 5mg/ (kg·d) ,疗程 3～ 6个月 ,并监测血浓度调整CyA的剂量。结果 83例患儿经治疗后 ,尿蛋白转阴者 4 5例 (完全缓解率 5 4 % ) ,尿蛋白减少者 2 3例 (部分缓解率 2 8% ) ,未缓解 15例 (18% ) ;总有效率达 82 %。不同病理类型治疗反应 :微小病变型肾病有效率为 86 % ,系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎为 84 % ,膜增殖性肾小球肾炎为 3/ 5 ,局灶节段性肾小球硬化为 2 / 4。显效时间为 7～ 4 5d ,其效应多出现于用药 1个月内。服药后分别于 1周和 2周末 ,测定CyA的血药浓度 ,有效血浓度维持在 10 0～ 2 0 0 μg/L ,可使大部分患儿病情顺利缓解 ,疗程一般在 3～ 6个月。 83例患儿都进行了随访 ,其中 6 8例经CyA治疗缓解后的 17例在减量或停药后出现复发 ,复发率为 2 5 % ,复发的患儿重新服用CyA仍然有效。治疗过程中 5例患儿出现一过性尿肌酐的增加 ,8例尿N 乙酰 β D 氨基葡萄糖苷酶轻微增加 ,一般减量或停药后可逆转。 结论 CyA是替代皮质激素治疗难治性肾病的较好方法之一 ,能有效而快速达到治疗难治性肾病的目的 。
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CyA) therapy in 83 children with nephrotic syndrome of different pathological types.Methods Eighty-three children enrolled in this study were all hospitalized children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, aged 3 to 14 yrs (average 8.3 yrs) and included 52 males and 31 females. There were 35 cases with steroid-dependent, 17 with steroid resistant and 26 with frequent relapses. CyA was given to each patient with dosage of 5 mg/(kg·d) during the corticosteroid was diminished. The renwal biopsy was performed in all patients before the administration of CyA. The duration of CyA therapy lasted for about 3 to 6 months. The plasma concentration of CyA was monitored.Results Eighty-three children with nephrotic syndrome of different pathological types were treated with CyA, including 42 cases of minmal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 31 cases of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN), 5 cases of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and 4 cases of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). All the 83 patients tolerated well to the CyA treatment. Forty-five cases got complete remission, 23 partial remission, 15 cases no change after one month treatment with CyA in the hospital. The overall response rate was 82%.Patients with different renal pathological types showed different responses. Among them, MCNS and MsPGN exhibited the best response rates of 86% and 84%, respectively; MPGN cases showed a lower response rate and FSGS cases showed the lowest rate. The response time was 7 to 45 days. The blood concentration of CyA was monitored for 1 week and 2 weeks after the drug was given. The effective drug concentration was maintained at 100 to 200 μg/L, and the course lasted for 3 to 6 months. During the follow-up of 83 cases, in 17 of 68 cases the disease relapsed when therapy was tapered or discontinued.The relapse rate was 25%. The results indicated that CyA would be effective to the relapsed cases. The serum creatinine increased temporarily after administration of CyA in 5 cases, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in 8 cases and eventually reached the normal range after the adjustment of dosage. The side effects included anorexia, nausea, vomiting and so on.Conclusion CyA is one of the effective substitutes for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, especially for the cases with MCNS and MsPGN. And CyA could control refractory nephrotic syndrome effectively and rapidly. The clinical effect was related to the blood concentration of CyA and pathological types.
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第11期813-816,共4页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
