摘要
根据野外考察,土壤含水量测定和资料分析,讨论了黄土高原土壤干层对植被的影响.资料表明,土壤干层的出现对植被生长是不利的,但在土壤干层发育较轻的地区可通过营造人工疏林逐步恢复森林植被;在土壤干层发育严重的地区,植树造林一般不能带来环境与经济的双效益,而且会导致深部土壤水和地下水的过量消耗等不良后果,是不适于造林的地区;近百年来气候的明显变干引起了森林带土壤水分降低和植被带的南移,使过去确定的延安到秦岭北麓之间的落叶阔叶林带的中北部存在着一些自然的土壤干层;在黄土高原进行退耕还林还草的生态建设中,不论是发展人工林还是发展草灌为主的植被,都不宜选择耗水多、生长快、易引起土壤干层的植物种植,而应当发展生长适中且偏慢的乔、灌草种;选择乔灌草种的原则是所选植物物种在当地气候条件下不会引起严重的土壤干层发生.
Materials show that development of dried layer of soil is unfavourable for afforestation, but sparse forest can be planted in the areas where dried layer of soil develops weakly to restoring forest vegetation .In the areas where dried layer of soil develops seriously, afforestation is unsuitable because this can not bring out environmental and economical beneficial and should results in excessive consumption of underground water. In recent 100 years, obvious climate drying causes decrease of soil moisture and migration of vegetation to south and natural dried layers occur in the middle and north of the broadleaf trees between Yan′an and the northern Qinling Mountains. In returning cultivated land and giving back forest in the Loess Plateau, whether artificial forest and artificial grass and bush are planted, the plant species which suck up much water and grow fast should not planted, and the plant species growing slowly should be planted.
出处
《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第4期93-97,109,共6页
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition
基金
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2002D02)
中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG0306)
关键词
黄土高原
土壤干层
生态环境建设
人工植被
地下水
含水量
Loess Plateau
dried layer of soil
artificial vegetation
ecological and environmental reconstruction
