摘要
作者论述了当前国际上工业人工林培育的定向、速生、丰产、优质、经济效益和稳定性等6个目标;介绍了工业人工林的主要培育措施,包括:遗传控制、立地控制、密度控制、维护与提高林地土壤肥力、优化栽培模式、生态系统管理等;指出了当前的人工林基地在生态方面存在的3个问题:病虫害日趋严重、林地土壤退化、人工林抵御自然灾害及大气污染的能力弱.
The orientation of industrial plantation in foreign countries can besummarised into six goals, i. e. direction, fast growth, high yield, good quality,stability and good economic benefits. The author suggests that in establishment of in-dustrial plantations, it is not enough to pay more attention to fast growth and highyield on1y, other factors, such as meeting requirement of industrial use, good qualityof stand, as well as considerable income should also be taken into account. To achievethe above goals, the following six silvicultural measures should be taken: geneticalcontrol, site control, density control, maintenance and improvement of soilfertility, use of optimum cultivation models and practice of ecological system manage-ment. To maintain soil fertility is a core issue of keeping long-term productivity of in-dustrial plantation. There are now three ecological problems in development of planta-tion: (1) disease and insect pests are getting more and more serious; (2) soil degra-dation which leads productivity decrease of forest lands; (3) natural disarsters and at-mospheric pollution. These problems must be given more attention and should be stu-died and settled from viewpoint of ecological system. In planting of Cunninghamialanceolata and Pinus massonianain national afforestation projects of China, three andtwo models with highest internal rate of return have been choscn from among many cul-tivation models respectively. Every parts of the country with WB loan are required toexercise planting with these models. Meanwhile China has incorporated timber assort-ments (pulpwood, construction timber, veneer logs and poles, etc.) in the objec-tives of fast growing and high yield plantation in afforestation projects with WB loan,which is a progress in cultivation techniques for fast growing and high yield plantation inChina.
出处
《世界林业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第4期75-83,共9页
World Forestry Research
