摘要
“大同小康”之论是否出于孔子之口 ,古往今来经历了一个始信终疑的曲折过程。最早提出质疑的是包括朱熹在内的宋代学者 ,元代的陈更是斩钉截铁地指出 :“大同小康之说 ,则非夫子之言也。”2 0世纪三四十年代 ,围绕孔子与“大同小康”之论的关系问题 ,学界爆发了一场非常激烈的学术论战 ,但是最终未能形成一致的意见。“大同小康”之论不是出于孔子之口 ,因为孔子仕鲁期间 ,他不可能向童稚之年的子游讲论“大同小康”之义 ;周游列国返鲁之后 ,他不可能“与于蜡宾” ,从而也不可能在蜡祭事毕讲论“大同小康”之义 ;特别需要指出的是 ,“大同小康”之论明显带有杂糅众家思想的特征 ,存在着历史知识的错误 ,表露的是一种历史倒退论的观点 ,它不可能出自孔子之口。
Whether or not the doctrine of “Great Harmony and Well-Offness”is advocated by Confucius has undergone a zigzag way from “yes ” to “no”. Among the earliest scholars who have argued against it are Zhu Xi and others during the Song Dynasty. Chen Pogao, a Yuan-Dynasty scholar have even more resolutely and decisively pointed out that Confucius has never advocated the doctrine of “Great Harmony and Well-Offness”. Ever since the 30s and 40s of the last century, a heated controversy has broke out in the then academia on the relationship between Confucius and the above-mentioned doctrine. Unfortunately, no unanimous conclusion has yet been reached. As Confucius, an official in the Lu State, could not explain the meaning of “Great Harmony and Well-Offness” to a Zi You still in his childhood, as he could neither elucidate “Great Harmony and Well-Offness” after the sacrifice, when he returned to Lu after his tour over the various states, particularly considering the doctrine of “Great Harmony and Well-Offness” bears an evident feature that the doctrine is a combination of different scholars' viewpoints, and it has a mistake of historical knowledge and indicates a backward historical point of view, this doctrine is, therefore, by no means advocated by Confucius.
出处
《孔子研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第6期12-21,共10页
Confucius Studies
关键词
大同
小康
礼运
孔子
Great Harmony
Well-Offness
Rituals
Confucius
