摘要
本研究采用超薄切片和冷冻蚀刻复型膜技术,制备大鼠和小鼠曲细精管样品,在透射电镜下观察各种生精细胞内线粒体的形态、数量、分布和膜结构。线粒体的增殖、发育和分布,与精子发生过程密切配合,表现为:1.线粒体的数量以休止期精原细胞最少;初级精母细胞线粒体自身分裂,迅速增殖,数量增加;精子细胞中数量比较恒定。2.线粒体的分布在精原细胞中随机分布,精母细胞内集中成群,高尔基期精子细胞线粒体分散在高尔基复合体附近或质膜下,头帽期、顶体期移至尾侧,成熟精子线粒体规则地排列在尾部中段密纤维外。3.线粒体的形态和发一育,在精原细胞线粒体为圆形或椭圆形,嵴平行,精母细胞线粒体延伸成杆状,并分裂形成新线粒体。新形成的线粒体缺少嵴,线粒体基质电子密度很低,成熟精子的线粒体嵴不规则。线粒体膜为三夹层结构,蛋白颗粒主要分布在外膜,内嵴蛋白颗粒很少,或缺少蛋白颗粒。
This paper presents the observation on the structure,quantity,distribution and
membrane characteristics of mitochondria in spermatogonia,spermatocyte,spermatid
and mature sperm during spermatogenesis.They were examined by electron micro-
scope (ultrathin section and freeze fracture).Conclusions obtained are as follows:
1.There exists regular changes for the proliferation,development and distribu-
tion of mitochondria.(a)Quantity of mitochondria:total number of mitochondria
in spermatogonia are 80-120 for one cell.They increase to 400-500 in primary sper-
matocyte.Spermatid has 200-300 mitochondria.(b)Distribution of mitochondria.
Mitochondria in spermatogonia distribute randomly.There are several groups of
mitochondria in spermatocyte.During spermatogenesis mitochondria moved from
head to back side.In Golgi phase and cap phase spermatid,mitochondria situated
under the plasm membrane,in mature sperm they arrange regularly outside the dense
fiber of middle piece of tail.(c)Structure and development:Mitochondria in
spermatogonia are round and oval.Cristae arrange parallelly.At spermatocyte stage
mitochondria are proliferated by dividing itself.Newly formed mitochondria have
no cristae.In mature sperm mitochondria developed well,but arrangement of
cristae is not regular.
2.Membrane of mitoehondria.There are three laminar structure for mitochon-
drial membrane.It is thinner than plasm membrane.Protein particles in outer
membrane are more than inner membrane.There are a few protein particles in cristae.
3.The changes of mitochondria have close relationship with spermatogenesis.
(a)Mitochondria proliferate itself rapidly in spermatocyte to match with enlarge-
ment of cellular size and content:(b)Mitochondria situated near the Golgi complex
in Golgi phase spermatid,after cap formation they moved to tail side to support the
tail formation.(c)In mature sperm mitochondria arranged regularly in middle
piece,so sperm can swim quickly.
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第3期314-318,共5页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
关键词
精子发生
线粒体
电子显微镜
鼠
Spermatogenesis
Mitochondria
Electron microscope
Freeze fracture
Rats
Mice
